BIOC 385 Exam 4 questions well
answered graded A+
Resolvase activity will act upon
------- and will generate
A. only nonrecombinant nucleic acid
B. only recombinant nucleic acid
C. either recombinant or nonrecombinant nucleic acid - correct answer ✔✔Holliday junctions
C. either recombinant or nonrecombinant nucleic acid
Which of the following statements is correct concerning eukaryotic mRNA?
A. Transcription and translation of eukaryotic mRNA is coupled.
B. Eukaryotic mRNA is polycistronic.
C. Eukaryotic mRNA does not undergo splicing to remove introns.
D. Eukaryotic mRNA is monocistronic. - correct answer ✔✔D. Eukaryotic mRNA is
monocistronic.
Which of the following best relates these three terms: DNA damage, metabolic rate, and
antioxidants?
A. Individuals with a higher metabolic rate who do not consume antioxidants have a greater risk
of DNA damage.
B. There is no connection between an individual's metabolic rate, consumption of antioxidants,
and DNA damage.
C. Individuals with a lower metabolic rate who do consume antioxidants have a greater risk of
DNA damage. - correct answer ✔✔A. Individuals with a higher metabolic rate who do not
consume antioxidants have a greater risk of DNA damage.
,Ethenoguanine adducts are involved in------ Watson-Crick base pairing. - correct answer
✔✔abnormal
Structure-function studies of numerous DNA polymerizing enzymes have shown that the
catalytic residues are found within the β sheets of the -------- domain, whereas other regions
form a tunnel through which the DNA passes. - correct answer ✔✔palm
Which of the following descriptions likely explains the finger and thumb domains of a
polymerase in terms of their interaction with DNA?
A. Neither the finger nor the thumb domain interacts with single-stranded DNA.
B. Both the finger and the thumb domain interact with double-stranded DNA.
C. Either the finger or the thumb domain interacts with single-stranded DNA.
D. Both the finger and the thumb domain interact with single-stranded DNA. - correct answer
✔✔C. Either the finger or the thumb domain interacts with single-stranded DNA.
If the following mutations were to occur in the gene encoding an important tumor-suppressing
protein in humans, which would have the greatest likelihood of increasing the cancer risk in that
person? The initial DNA sequence indicates the sequence in the DNA that is the codon for the
initial, non-mutated gene, while the DNA after the arrow indicates the codon after mutation.
A. GTT→GCC
B. GAU→GAA
C. TTT→TTC
D. TGT→GGT - correct answer ✔✔D. TGT→GGT
Different pathways can occur after the spontaneous deamination of a cytosine nucleotide in
DNA. If a glycosylase enzyme removes the uracil base prior to replication, then the ------- repair
pathway can repair the abasic site. If uracil is not removed prior to replication, then ------ is
added to the daughter strand opposite of uracil during DNA replication. After two rounds of
replication, this will change the original C-G base pair in the original parent strand to a ------base
pair. However, if the uracil is removed prior to replication, then DNA polymerase can insert a
,-----into the position opposite the abasic site, yielding a ----- after two rounds of replication. -
correct answer ✔✔base excision
adenine
T-A
cytosine
G-C
For a human chromosome that has a central centromere (metacentric), the single (non-
replicated) metacentric chromosome is expected to contain ----- telomeres. - correct answer
✔✔2
What cell is not expected to contain an active telomerase enzyme?
A. alveolar epithelial cells within deep lung tissue
B. primary spermatocytes within a male testis
C. B cells that have undergone a clonal selection
D. embryonic stem cells within the blastula - correct answer ✔✔A. alveolar epithelial cells
within deep lung tissue
Telomerase contains a(n)------ sequence that binds complementary to and extends the length of
the------- strand after DNA replication. - correct answer ✔✔RNA
template
The Holliday junction is a key component of homologous recombination. The Holliday junction is
a region of DNA where ------ different DNA strands come together. Resolution of Holliday
junctions is completed by ------enzymes, which are part of the recombinase complex. - correct
answer ✔✔4
resolvase
What is the necessary nucleic acid input for the RNAi pathway to degrade mRNA?
, A. Single-stranded DNA
B. Double-stranded RNA
C. Hairpin RNA
D. Single-stranded RNA - correct answer ✔✔B. Double-stranded RNA
What four amino acid side chains are integral to the DNA binding function of the TATA binding
protein?
A. four tryptophan residue side chains
B. four tyrosine residue side chains
C. four histidine residue side chains
D. four phenylalanine residue side chains - correct answer ✔✔D. four phenylalanine residue
side chains
This DNA binding protein associates with ------- DNA sequence upstream of a protein-coding
sequence of DNA. If the TATAAA sequence were altered to AGGCTA, then that change would
likely result in -------- in the rate of transcription at this gene locus. - correct answer
✔✔eukaryotic
decrease
The figure provided in the introduction above summarizes the steps of translation that occur in
the ribosome. -------- does not require the binding of a charged tRNA to the ribosome, but
instead utilizes a --------- . The initiation step of translation depends on an ------ codon on the 5'
end of mRNA. - correct answer ✔✔Termination
release factor
AUG
If a researcher wanted to use the cellular machinery to insert an unnatural amino acid into a
protein, which would be the better strategy?
answered graded A+
Resolvase activity will act upon
------- and will generate
A. only nonrecombinant nucleic acid
B. only recombinant nucleic acid
C. either recombinant or nonrecombinant nucleic acid - correct answer ✔✔Holliday junctions
C. either recombinant or nonrecombinant nucleic acid
Which of the following statements is correct concerning eukaryotic mRNA?
A. Transcription and translation of eukaryotic mRNA is coupled.
B. Eukaryotic mRNA is polycistronic.
C. Eukaryotic mRNA does not undergo splicing to remove introns.
D. Eukaryotic mRNA is monocistronic. - correct answer ✔✔D. Eukaryotic mRNA is
monocistronic.
Which of the following best relates these three terms: DNA damage, metabolic rate, and
antioxidants?
A. Individuals with a higher metabolic rate who do not consume antioxidants have a greater risk
of DNA damage.
B. There is no connection between an individual's metabolic rate, consumption of antioxidants,
and DNA damage.
C. Individuals with a lower metabolic rate who do consume antioxidants have a greater risk of
DNA damage. - correct answer ✔✔A. Individuals with a higher metabolic rate who do not
consume antioxidants have a greater risk of DNA damage.
,Ethenoguanine adducts are involved in------ Watson-Crick base pairing. - correct answer
✔✔abnormal
Structure-function studies of numerous DNA polymerizing enzymes have shown that the
catalytic residues are found within the β sheets of the -------- domain, whereas other regions
form a tunnel through which the DNA passes. - correct answer ✔✔palm
Which of the following descriptions likely explains the finger and thumb domains of a
polymerase in terms of their interaction with DNA?
A. Neither the finger nor the thumb domain interacts with single-stranded DNA.
B. Both the finger and the thumb domain interact with double-stranded DNA.
C. Either the finger or the thumb domain interacts with single-stranded DNA.
D. Both the finger and the thumb domain interact with single-stranded DNA. - correct answer
✔✔C. Either the finger or the thumb domain interacts with single-stranded DNA.
If the following mutations were to occur in the gene encoding an important tumor-suppressing
protein in humans, which would have the greatest likelihood of increasing the cancer risk in that
person? The initial DNA sequence indicates the sequence in the DNA that is the codon for the
initial, non-mutated gene, while the DNA after the arrow indicates the codon after mutation.
A. GTT→GCC
B. GAU→GAA
C. TTT→TTC
D. TGT→GGT - correct answer ✔✔D. TGT→GGT
Different pathways can occur after the spontaneous deamination of a cytosine nucleotide in
DNA. If a glycosylase enzyme removes the uracil base prior to replication, then the ------- repair
pathway can repair the abasic site. If uracil is not removed prior to replication, then ------ is
added to the daughter strand opposite of uracil during DNA replication. After two rounds of
replication, this will change the original C-G base pair in the original parent strand to a ------base
pair. However, if the uracil is removed prior to replication, then DNA polymerase can insert a
,-----into the position opposite the abasic site, yielding a ----- after two rounds of replication. -
correct answer ✔✔base excision
adenine
T-A
cytosine
G-C
For a human chromosome that has a central centromere (metacentric), the single (non-
replicated) metacentric chromosome is expected to contain ----- telomeres. - correct answer
✔✔2
What cell is not expected to contain an active telomerase enzyme?
A. alveolar epithelial cells within deep lung tissue
B. primary spermatocytes within a male testis
C. B cells that have undergone a clonal selection
D. embryonic stem cells within the blastula - correct answer ✔✔A. alveolar epithelial cells
within deep lung tissue
Telomerase contains a(n)------ sequence that binds complementary to and extends the length of
the------- strand after DNA replication. - correct answer ✔✔RNA
template
The Holliday junction is a key component of homologous recombination. The Holliday junction is
a region of DNA where ------ different DNA strands come together. Resolution of Holliday
junctions is completed by ------enzymes, which are part of the recombinase complex. - correct
answer ✔✔4
resolvase
What is the necessary nucleic acid input for the RNAi pathway to degrade mRNA?
, A. Single-stranded DNA
B. Double-stranded RNA
C. Hairpin RNA
D. Single-stranded RNA - correct answer ✔✔B. Double-stranded RNA
What four amino acid side chains are integral to the DNA binding function of the TATA binding
protein?
A. four tryptophan residue side chains
B. four tyrosine residue side chains
C. four histidine residue side chains
D. four phenylalanine residue side chains - correct answer ✔✔D. four phenylalanine residue
side chains
This DNA binding protein associates with ------- DNA sequence upstream of a protein-coding
sequence of DNA. If the TATAAA sequence were altered to AGGCTA, then that change would
likely result in -------- in the rate of transcription at this gene locus. - correct answer
✔✔eukaryotic
decrease
The figure provided in the introduction above summarizes the steps of translation that occur in
the ribosome. -------- does not require the binding of a charged tRNA to the ribosome, but
instead utilizes a --------- . The initiation step of translation depends on an ------ codon on the 5'
end of mRNA. - correct answer ✔✔Termination
release factor
AUG
If a researcher wanted to use the cellular machinery to insert an unnatural amino acid into a
protein, which would be the better strategy?
