2025 GRADED A+
Traits needed to develop seeds? - correct
answer-- unisexual sporangia
- ovule (sporangium that protects megaspore)
- megaspores: 3/4 die, stays retained
- microspore delivers sperm cells
- once seed development is completed, it must be
able to let seed go
Secondary cell walls - correct answer-
collenchyma: cells are long living cells with
uneven primary cell walls
fibers: long cells, either dead or alive, with
secondary walls impregnated or not by lignin
(make walls stronger)
tracheids: long dead cells with secondary walls
impregnated by lignin (mainly water conducting)
Vessel elements - correct answer-- long dead
cells with secondary walls impregnated by lignin
, - wider, no end walls, assembled into pipes or
vessels
Vessel tubes - correct answer-formed in vascular
bundles of angiosperms, composed of linear
series of elongate vessel elements having
perforations in their walls, which conduct water,
minerals, and other materials
WCT evolution - correct answer-- earliest plant
WCT in center (limits growth to a certain height)
- then WCT is no longer cylinder (star shaped)
- then breaks up into bundles move towards
periphery more support, fill stem with rigid tissue,
upwards growth.
as plants grow taller, functions transferred to
specialized organs
new photosynthetic organs developed, stem can
be devoted to water transport and support
Stem anatomy - correct answer-- primary
meristem: help with growth of shoot and root
- leads to protoderm, ground meristem, pro
cambium
- phloem: tissue includes sclerenchyma,
parenchmya, and food conducting cells