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NTR 108: EXAM 2 (UB) QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Foods that contain protein - correct answer- Normal diet:
Poultry (chicken, beef)
Dairy (Egg, milk)
Typically animal products
Vegan diet:
Beans
Nuts
Soy-based products
Grains (Rice)
Structure of proteins - correct answer- Long chain of amino
acids that contain an amine group (Nitrogen group), carbon
skeleton and acid group
How many amino acids are there? (Essential? Non-Essential?)
- correct answer- 20 in total
Essential- 9
Non-essential- 11
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What differentiates one protein from another that each protein
has its own of? - correct answer- R-group
What does the R-group signify? - correct answer- Each R-
group determines the function of the protein
Peptide Bond - correct answer- Bond that links 2 amino acids
Broken during digestion
Dipeptide - correct answer- two amino acids
Polypeptide - correct answer- Many amino acids (most our food
contains this)
What determines the structure and function of polypeptide? -
correct answer- Specific amino acid sequence
What is an example of a specific amino acid sequence? -
correct answer- Insulin- made from 51 amino acids
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What does the body need to make the proteins' sequence and
from where? - correct answer- The body needs a blueprint for
the protein which comes from our DNA that is transported by
mRNA from the nucleus.
Structural Description of Proteins - correct answer- Proteins are
complex in that they have a # of amino acids that may bend
and twist with another amino acid
Is protein an essential nutrient? - correct answer- Yes, protein is
an essential nutrient.
Where does the body get the Nitrogen to make non-essential
amino acids? - correct answer- Takes the Nitrogen from
essential amino acids and makes NEAA, which can be used as
energy.
NEAA - correct answer- Made from EAA and can also be used
as energy.
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Functions of Proteins (Structurally) - correct answer-
Structurally it helps in the making of hair, skin, especially
muscle
Function of Protein (Growth)*** - correct answer- Growth***
anyone who is going through a growing phase (infant, teenager
going through puberty, pregnancy) will need a lot of protein
Function of Protein (Tissue) - correct answer- Maintenance and
repair of body tissues (a cut has to heal and healing requires a
protein called fibrin that clots the area)
Function of Protein (Energy) - correct answer- 4kcals/g
Minor role*** because that is the main role of carbs and fats
(10% proteins, 90% fats/carbs)
Function of Proteins (Hormones) - correct answer- Regulation
of fluid balance (edema)- protein brings back the fluid into the
blood
Helps with blood clotting (fibrin)
Transports protein, like lipoproteins***
^ If we didn't have this protein we wouldn't be able to move fat
around the body
NTR 108: EXAM 2 (UB) QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Foods that contain protein - correct answer- Normal diet:
Poultry (chicken, beef)
Dairy (Egg, milk)
Typically animal products
Vegan diet:
Beans
Nuts
Soy-based products
Grains (Rice)
Structure of proteins - correct answer- Long chain of amino
acids that contain an amine group (Nitrogen group), carbon
skeleton and acid group
How many amino acids are there? (Essential? Non-Essential?)
- correct answer- 20 in total
Essential- 9
Non-essential- 11
,2 | Page
What differentiates one protein from another that each protein
has its own of? - correct answer- R-group
What does the R-group signify? - correct answer- Each R-
group determines the function of the protein
Peptide Bond - correct answer- Bond that links 2 amino acids
Broken during digestion
Dipeptide - correct answer- two amino acids
Polypeptide - correct answer- Many amino acids (most our food
contains this)
What determines the structure and function of polypeptide? -
correct answer- Specific amino acid sequence
What is an example of a specific amino acid sequence? -
correct answer- Insulin- made from 51 amino acids
,3 | Page
What does the body need to make the proteins' sequence and
from where? - correct answer- The body needs a blueprint for
the protein which comes from our DNA that is transported by
mRNA from the nucleus.
Structural Description of Proteins - correct answer- Proteins are
complex in that they have a # of amino acids that may bend
and twist with another amino acid
Is protein an essential nutrient? - correct answer- Yes, protein is
an essential nutrient.
Where does the body get the Nitrogen to make non-essential
amino acids? - correct answer- Takes the Nitrogen from
essential amino acids and makes NEAA, which can be used as
energy.
NEAA - correct answer- Made from EAA and can also be used
as energy.
, 4 | Page
Functions of Proteins (Structurally) - correct answer-
Structurally it helps in the making of hair, skin, especially
muscle
Function of Protein (Growth)*** - correct answer- Growth***
anyone who is going through a growing phase (infant, teenager
going through puberty, pregnancy) will need a lot of protein
Function of Protein (Tissue) - correct answer- Maintenance and
repair of body tissues (a cut has to heal and healing requires a
protein called fibrin that clots the area)
Function of Protein (Energy) - correct answer- 4kcals/g
Minor role*** because that is the main role of carbs and fats
(10% proteins, 90% fats/carbs)
Function of Proteins (Hormones) - correct answer- Regulation
of fluid balance (edema)- protein brings back the fluid into the
blood
Helps with blood clotting (fibrin)
Transports protein, like lipoproteins***
^ If we didn't have this protein we wouldn't be able to move fat
around the body
