Test Bank for Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology: Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition by Theresa Capriotti isbn-9781719648592

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Illness
Multiple Choice
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Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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b b b b 1. Which statement regarding the sodium–potassium pump is correct?
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1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
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2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
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3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside
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bb the cell compartment.
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4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and
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bb pumping in two potassium ions.
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b b 2. In the absence of oxygen, which cellular function creates the same amount of energy as is
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created in the presence of oxygen?
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1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid bb bb bb




2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle bb bb bb bb bb




3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A bb bb bb




4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid bb bb bb bb bb




b b b b 3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
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1. 2
2. 3

, 3. 34
4. 53

b b 4. b b Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
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1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acids bb




4. Deoxyribonucleicacids

b b 5. b b Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
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1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein.
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2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
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3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
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4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands.
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6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
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1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress
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2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
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3. During a severe hypoxic state
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4. During the processing of prohormone
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7. Which cellular organelles are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris out of the lungs?
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1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
3. Secretory vesicles bb

, 4. Endoplasmic reticula bb




8. Which are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
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1. Actin and myosin bb bb




2. Prohormone and tubulin bb bb




3. Tubulin and actin bb bb




4. Myosin and prohormone bb bb




9. Which deficiency causes Tay–Sachs disease?
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1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes bb




10. b b Which is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy?
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1. Accumulation of ganglioside bb bb




2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis bb bb bb bb




3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity bb bb bb bb




4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb




11. b b Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct?
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1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
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2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
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3. During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
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4. During ER stress, nondeNg Ur aRd eSdI stTaB
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12. b b A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which function is likely
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bb to be involved?
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1. Inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein
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2. Incorrect processing of a protein by the Golgi apparatus
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3. Stagnation of a previously dynamic action in microtubules
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4. Obstruction of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum bb bb bb bb bb




13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular
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bb component is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being
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bb genetically transferred? bb