Hypertrophy
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, Is a compensatory increase in cell size; the affected organ also increases in
size
Examples
Physiologic -
uterus and mammary glands in pregnancy
- hypertrophic heart seen in athletes Skeletal muscle in body builders
- If a diseased kidney is removed, the cells of the remaining intact kidney
hypertrophy
Pathologic -
- Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) of heart secondary to hypertension,
diseased valves, or other heart disease; cardiomyopathy
When comparing hypertrophy of muscle due to physiologic stimuli as
opposed to pathologic events/processes, consider that the stresses are
very different! The changes in intracellular muscle fibers, extracellular
tissue, and overall organ changes are different! The outcomes are very
different!
- Hypertrophy of the heart due to HTN creates inefficient, increased
workloads on the heart.
- Hypertrophy of the heart in athletes promotes efficiency and decreased
workloads on the heart (usually healthy, but not always)
Autosomal recessive trait diagram
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When the symbols are half shaded, then that parent is a
carrier of an autosomal recessive trait. When both parents
are carriers, on each conception, there is a 25% chance of
having an affected child (full-shaded circle or square), a
50% chance of a carrier child, and a 25% chance of a
nonaffected or noncarrier child, regardless of sex.
,Tissue Necrosis
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Sum of cellular changes after local cell death and the process of cellular
autodigestion (autolysis)
- Certain tissues (particularly after experiencing certain kinds of disease)
manifest specific anatomic changes due to tissue death, particularly evident
at autopsy
Types of necrosis represent morphological patterns which are visible
grossly and microscopically:
- Coagulative
- Liquefactive
- Caseous
- Fat
- Gangrenous
- Gas gangrene
Chromosomes
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, Chromatin is greatly condensed into complex, dense, rod-like bodies
called chromosomes when the cell divides
What is health literacy dependent on?
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1. Communication skills of lay people and health professionals.
2. Knowledge of lay people and professionals of health topics.
3. Culture (values, norms, symbols, ways of living, traditions, history ,
institutions of people).
4. Health care and public health systems.
5. Demands of the situation/context.
Convalescence:
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, Is a compensatory increase in cell size; the affected organ also increases in
size
Examples
Physiologic -
uterus and mammary glands in pregnancy
- hypertrophic heart seen in athletes Skeletal muscle in body builders
- If a diseased kidney is removed, the cells of the remaining intact kidney
hypertrophy
Pathologic -
- Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) of heart secondary to hypertension,
diseased valves, or other heart disease; cardiomyopathy
When comparing hypertrophy of muscle due to physiologic stimuli as
opposed to pathologic events/processes, consider that the stresses are
very different! The changes in intracellular muscle fibers, extracellular
tissue, and overall organ changes are different! The outcomes are very
different!
- Hypertrophy of the heart due to HTN creates inefficient, increased
workloads on the heart.
- Hypertrophy of the heart in athletes promotes efficiency and decreased
workloads on the heart (usually healthy, but not always)
Autosomal recessive trait diagram
Give this one a try later!
When the symbols are half shaded, then that parent is a
carrier of an autosomal recessive trait. When both parents
are carriers, on each conception, there is a 25% chance of
having an affected child (full-shaded circle or square), a
50% chance of a carrier child, and a 25% chance of a
nonaffected or noncarrier child, regardless of sex.
,Tissue Necrosis
Give this one a try later!
Sum of cellular changes after local cell death and the process of cellular
autodigestion (autolysis)
- Certain tissues (particularly after experiencing certain kinds of disease)
manifest specific anatomic changes due to tissue death, particularly evident
at autopsy
Types of necrosis represent morphological patterns which are visible
grossly and microscopically:
- Coagulative
- Liquefactive
- Caseous
- Fat
- Gangrenous
- Gas gangrene
Chromosomes
Give this one a try later!
, Chromatin is greatly condensed into complex, dense, rod-like bodies
called chromosomes when the cell divides
What is health literacy dependent on?
Give this one a try later!
1. Communication skills of lay people and health professionals.
2. Knowledge of lay people and professionals of health topics.
3. Culture (values, norms, symbols, ways of living, traditions, history ,
institutions of people).
4. Health care and public health systems.
5. Demands of the situation/context.
Convalescence:
Give this one a try later!
