TEST BANK FOR
Essentials of
Biostatistics in
Public Health
(Essential Public
Health) 3rd
Edition by Lisa M.
Sulliv
,covering major topics such as:
• Descriptive statistics
• Probability & distributions
• Study design
• Estimation & confidence intervals
• Hypothesis testing
• Chi-square & t-tests
• Regression & correlation
• Public health applications
Each question will have 4 answer choices
(A–D) and a correct answer with
rationale.
Q1. In biostatistics, the term population refers to:
A. The group of people who volunteer for a study
B. The entire set of individuals or items of interest
C. A random sample selected for analysis
D. The number of cases observed in a given study
Answer: B
Rationale: Population includes the entire group of interest; a
sample is a subset.
,Q2. Which of the following is a measure of central tendency?
A. Range
B. Median
C. Variance
D. Standard deviation
Answer: B
Rationale: Mean, median, and mode are central tendency
measures; range and variance are dispersion measures.
Q3. The standard error of the mean decreases when:
A. Sample size increases
B. Sample size decreases
C. Variance increases
D. Population size decreases
Answer: A
Rationale: Larger samples reduce variability in sample means.
Q4. Which distribution is most appropriate for modeling the
number of disease cases in a fixed time period?
A. Normal
B. Poisson
C. Binomial
D. Exponential
Answer: B
Rationale: Poisson distribution models counts of rare events in a
fixed interval.
Q5. A p-value less than 0.05 indicates:
A. Proof the null hypothesis is false
B. Strong evidence against the null hypothesis
C. The null hypothesis is true
D. Sampling bias exists
, Answer: B
Rationale: P-values <0.05 suggest evidence against H₀, but do
not prove causation.
Q6. Which of the following best defines a sample in
biostatistics?
A. A subgroup of the population selected for study
B. The entire group of people with the disease of interest
C. All possible observations of a variable
D. The mean of all population values
Answer: A
Rationale: A sample is a subset of the population used to draw
inferences.
Q7. Which type of data is best represented by a bar chart?
A. Continuous data
B. Categorical data
C. Normally distributed data
D. Time-to-event data
Answer: B
Rationale: Bar charts are appropriate for nominal or categorical
variables.
Q8. An investigator records blood pressure in mmHg. What type
of variable is this?
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
Essentials of
Biostatistics in
Public Health
(Essential Public
Health) 3rd
Edition by Lisa M.
Sulliv
,covering major topics such as:
• Descriptive statistics
• Probability & distributions
• Study design
• Estimation & confidence intervals
• Hypothesis testing
• Chi-square & t-tests
• Regression & correlation
• Public health applications
Each question will have 4 answer choices
(A–D) and a correct answer with
rationale.
Q1. In biostatistics, the term population refers to:
A. The group of people who volunteer for a study
B. The entire set of individuals or items of interest
C. A random sample selected for analysis
D. The number of cases observed in a given study
Answer: B
Rationale: Population includes the entire group of interest; a
sample is a subset.
,Q2. Which of the following is a measure of central tendency?
A. Range
B. Median
C. Variance
D. Standard deviation
Answer: B
Rationale: Mean, median, and mode are central tendency
measures; range and variance are dispersion measures.
Q3. The standard error of the mean decreases when:
A. Sample size increases
B. Sample size decreases
C. Variance increases
D. Population size decreases
Answer: A
Rationale: Larger samples reduce variability in sample means.
Q4. Which distribution is most appropriate for modeling the
number of disease cases in a fixed time period?
A. Normal
B. Poisson
C. Binomial
D. Exponential
Answer: B
Rationale: Poisson distribution models counts of rare events in a
fixed interval.
Q5. A p-value less than 0.05 indicates:
A. Proof the null hypothesis is false
B. Strong evidence against the null hypothesis
C. The null hypothesis is true
D. Sampling bias exists
, Answer: B
Rationale: P-values <0.05 suggest evidence against H₀, but do
not prove causation.
Q6. Which of the following best defines a sample in
biostatistics?
A. A subgroup of the population selected for study
B. The entire group of people with the disease of interest
C. All possible observations of a variable
D. The mean of all population values
Answer: A
Rationale: A sample is a subset of the population used to draw
inferences.
Q7. Which type of data is best represented by a bar chart?
A. Continuous data
B. Categorical data
C. Normally distributed data
D. Time-to-event data
Answer: B
Rationale: Bar charts are appropriate for nominal or categorical
variables.
Q8. An investigator records blood pressure in mmHg. What type
of variable is this?
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
