,1. Cellular Biology
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2. Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology
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3. The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases
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4. Genes and Genetic Diseases
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5. Epigenetics and Disease
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6. Genes, Environment–Lifestyle, and Common Diseases
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7. Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing
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8. Adaptive Immunity
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9. Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation
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10. Infection
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11. Stress and Disease
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12. Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer
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13. Alterations in Oxygen Transport
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14. Alterations in Hemostasis and Coagulation
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15. Alterations in White Blood Cell Function
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16. Alterations in Cardiovascular Function
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17. Shock, Sepsis, and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
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18. Alterations of Pulmonary Function
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19. Alterations of Hormonal Regulation
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20. Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children
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21. Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children
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22. Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children
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23. Structure and Function of the Neurologic System
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24. Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function
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25. Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function
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26. q@
Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and Neuromuscular Junctio
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n
27. Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children
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28. Structure and Function of the Endocrine System
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29. Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation
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30. Alterations of Endocrine Function
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31. Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function
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32. Alterations of Digestive Function
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33. Alterations of Liver and Biliary Function
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34. Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function
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35. Alterations of Reproductive Function
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, Chapter 1. Cellular Biology q@ q@ q@
MULTIPLE CHOICE q@
1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supe
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
rcoiled DNA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the st
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
udent?
a. A single circular chromosome
q@ q@ q@
b. A nucleus
q@
c. Free-floating nuclear material q@ q@
d. No organelles
q@
ANS: B q@
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q
@its nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome is charac
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
teristic of prokaryotic cells, which do not have histones. Free-
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
floating nuclear material describes a prokaryotic cell, which would not have a distinct nu
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
cleus. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-
q@ q@ q@ q@
q@bound cellular components called organelles. No organelles describe a prokaryotic cell.
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular funct
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
ion is the nurse describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to tr
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
ansform
nutrients to energy? q@ q@
a. Metabolic absorption q@
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS: D q@
The ability of the cell to absorb oxygen refers to the cells function of respiration. The
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
ability of the cell to function within a society of cells refers to its function of communi
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
cation. The ability of the cell to take in nutrients refers to the cells function of metabol
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
ic absorption.The ability of the cell to synthesize new substances and secrete these else
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3
, where refers to the cells function of secretion.
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4
q@ q@
2. Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
3. The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
4. Genes and Genetic Diseases
q@ q@ q@ q@
5. Epigenetics and Disease
q@ q@ q@
6. Genes, Environment–Lifestyle, and Common Diseases
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
7. Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
8. Adaptive Immunity
q@ q@
9. Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
10. Infection
q@
11. Stress and Disease
q@ q@ q@
12. Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
13. Alterations in Oxygen Transport
q@ q@ q@ q@
14. Alterations in Hemostasis and Coagulation
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
15. Alterations in White Blood Cell Function
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
16. Alterations in Cardiovascular Function
q@ q@ q@ q@
17. Shock, Sepsis, and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
18. Alterations of Pulmonary Function
q@ q@ q@ q@
19. Alterations of Hormonal Regulation
q@ q@ q@ q@
20. Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
21. Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
22. Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
23. Structure and Function of the Neurologic System
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
24. Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
25. Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
26. q@
Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and Neuromuscular Junctio
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
n
27. Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
28. Structure and Function of the Endocrine System
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
29. Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation
q@ q@ q@ q@
30. Alterations of Endocrine Function
q@ q@ q@ q@
31. Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
32. Alterations of Digestive Function
q@ q@ q@ q@
33. Alterations of Liver and Biliary Function
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
34. Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function
q@ q@ q@ q@
35. Alterations of Reproductive Function
q@ q@ q@ q@
, Chapter 1. Cellular Biology q@ q@ q@
MULTIPLE CHOICE q@
1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supe
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
rcoiled DNA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the st
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
udent?
a. A single circular chromosome
q@ q@ q@
b. A nucleus
q@
c. Free-floating nuclear material q@ q@
d. No organelles
q@
ANS: B q@
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q
@its nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome is charac
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
teristic of prokaryotic cells, which do not have histones. Free-
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
floating nuclear material describes a prokaryotic cell, which would not have a distinct nu
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
cleus. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-
q@ q@ q@ q@
q@bound cellular components called organelles. No organelles describe a prokaryotic cell.
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular funct
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
ion is the nurse describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to tr
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
ansform
nutrients to energy? q@ q@
a. Metabolic absorption q@
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS: D q@
The ability of the cell to absorb oxygen refers to the cells function of respiration. The
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
ability of the cell to function within a society of cells refers to its function of communi
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
cation. The ability of the cell to take in nutrients refers to the cells function of metabol
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
ic absorption.The ability of the cell to synthesize new substances and secrete these else
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
3
, where refers to the cells function of secretion.
q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@ q@
4