NUR 1290 Exam 1 Questions with Correct answers
Folk Image - ✔✔• Nourishing &nuturing children, caring for older adults
• trial & error practices
Religious image - ✔✔• Caring for the sick, poor, orphans, widows, elderly
• connected to Christianity
Early groups (religious image) - ✔✔• deaconesses of eastern Christian church
• order of the widows
• order of the virgins
• Benedictines
Crusades 1096-1291 (religious image) - ✔✔• Created military nursing orders
> knights Hospitallers of St John
> knights Templars
> knights of the Teutonic order
Servant image - ✔✔• Post reformation (1517)
• Women as homemakers
• Hospital care was done by "uncommon women"
(prisoners, prostitutes, drunks)
Florence Nightingale & Sidney Herbert - ✔✔• Hospital reform
• pastor fliedner institute —> trained nursing staff
Crimean War (1854-1856) - ✔✔• Florence was sent to provide medical care to soldiers
> allowed for her to later establish hospitals sanitation systems for British military
> shift to a focus on cleanliness
St. Thomas hospital school of nursing - ✔✔• Located in London
• revolutionized nursing education
• strong focus on learning throughout lifetime
Early nursing education in America - ✔✔• new England female medical college(1850)
• woman's Hospital of Philadelphia training school (1861)
Dr. Samuel D Gross (1805-1884) - ✔✔• Head of committee that aimed to standardize nursing
training
• nursing training programs established in every hospital
• union between religious exercise & nursing would benefit the welfare of the sick
New England Hospital for women & children (1872) - ✔✔First formal 1 year nursing program
, Melinda Ann Richards (1873) - ✔✔First American trained nurse
Mary Eliza Mahoney (1879) - ✔✔First woman of african origin to be trained as a nurse
Characteristics of early nursing schools - ✔✔• militaristic & religious roots
> extreme disciplinary measures, long hours
• after 1900-1920, # of nursing schools increased & became more moderate
• American journal of nursing (1900)
Military influence - ✔✔• Red Cross: aid soldiers during battle
• army nurse corps (1901)
• navy nurse corps (1908)
• American Revolution: development of dispensaries —> provided vaccinations for small pox
(first sign of preventative medicine)
• Civil war: ambulances & triage
• WWII: increased status and authority to nursing, flight nursing, GI bill allowed nurses to
pursue B.S. and M.S.
• korean/vietnam war: MASH units
Medicine vs nursing - ✔✔• Medicine: diagnosis & treatment of disease
• nursing: care of the individual from a holistic perspective
Nursing (American Nurses Association) - ✔✔The protection, promotion, & optimization of
health & abilities, prevention of illness & injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis &
treatment of human response & advocacy in the care of individuals families, communities, &
populations
Nursing shortage - ✔✔• Baby boomer era red to increased elderly—> reduced staff
• institutions have not been able to increase nursing class size—> limited clinical sites
• nurse retention (worker burn out)
Nursing nomenclatures/ classification systems - ✔✔• efforts to define a language for nursing to
communicate information & guide data collection
• important as nursing moves into international framework
• quality improvement efforts
Nursing terminologies systems (1) - ✔✔NANDA International Inc
• North American Diagnosis Association
• develop taxonomy
• identify & approve nursing diagnoses
Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) (2) - ✔✔Comprehensive, standardized language that
describes actions nurses perform is all settings & specialties
Folk Image - ✔✔• Nourishing &nuturing children, caring for older adults
• trial & error practices
Religious image - ✔✔• Caring for the sick, poor, orphans, widows, elderly
• connected to Christianity
Early groups (religious image) - ✔✔• deaconesses of eastern Christian church
• order of the widows
• order of the virgins
• Benedictines
Crusades 1096-1291 (religious image) - ✔✔• Created military nursing orders
> knights Hospitallers of St John
> knights Templars
> knights of the Teutonic order
Servant image - ✔✔• Post reformation (1517)
• Women as homemakers
• Hospital care was done by "uncommon women"
(prisoners, prostitutes, drunks)
Florence Nightingale & Sidney Herbert - ✔✔• Hospital reform
• pastor fliedner institute —> trained nursing staff
Crimean War (1854-1856) - ✔✔• Florence was sent to provide medical care to soldiers
> allowed for her to later establish hospitals sanitation systems for British military
> shift to a focus on cleanliness
St. Thomas hospital school of nursing - ✔✔• Located in London
• revolutionized nursing education
• strong focus on learning throughout lifetime
Early nursing education in America - ✔✔• new England female medical college(1850)
• woman's Hospital of Philadelphia training school (1861)
Dr. Samuel D Gross (1805-1884) - ✔✔• Head of committee that aimed to standardize nursing
training
• nursing training programs established in every hospital
• union between religious exercise & nursing would benefit the welfare of the sick
New England Hospital for women & children (1872) - ✔✔First formal 1 year nursing program
, Melinda Ann Richards (1873) - ✔✔First American trained nurse
Mary Eliza Mahoney (1879) - ✔✔First woman of african origin to be trained as a nurse
Characteristics of early nursing schools - ✔✔• militaristic & religious roots
> extreme disciplinary measures, long hours
• after 1900-1920, # of nursing schools increased & became more moderate
• American journal of nursing (1900)
Military influence - ✔✔• Red Cross: aid soldiers during battle
• army nurse corps (1901)
• navy nurse corps (1908)
• American Revolution: development of dispensaries —> provided vaccinations for small pox
(first sign of preventative medicine)
• Civil war: ambulances & triage
• WWII: increased status and authority to nursing, flight nursing, GI bill allowed nurses to
pursue B.S. and M.S.
• korean/vietnam war: MASH units
Medicine vs nursing - ✔✔• Medicine: diagnosis & treatment of disease
• nursing: care of the individual from a holistic perspective
Nursing (American Nurses Association) - ✔✔The protection, promotion, & optimization of
health & abilities, prevention of illness & injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis &
treatment of human response & advocacy in the care of individuals families, communities, &
populations
Nursing shortage - ✔✔• Baby boomer era red to increased elderly—> reduced staff
• institutions have not been able to increase nursing class size—> limited clinical sites
• nurse retention (worker burn out)
Nursing nomenclatures/ classification systems - ✔✔• efforts to define a language for nursing to
communicate information & guide data collection
• important as nursing moves into international framework
• quality improvement efforts
Nursing terminologies systems (1) - ✔✔NANDA International Inc
• North American Diagnosis Association
• develop taxonomy
• identify & approve nursing diagnoses
Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) (2) - ✔✔Comprehensive, standardized language that
describes actions nurses perform is all settings & specialties
