1
AAE 350 - Exam 2 Questions with Answers (100% Correct
Answers)
Projections of food production and malnutrition from 1997
Ans✅ ✅: Grain
1997 developed countries : production 800 > Demand 700
1997 developing countries : production 1000 < Demand 1100
2020 Projections
Developed countries : production 1000 > Demand 800
Developing countries : production 1400 < Demand 1700
HOW ARE WE DOING : MALNUTRITION IN AFRICA?
Ans✅ ✅: Looks like a pessimistic scenario.
-Prediction was for 50 million malnourished in 2020
-In 2023, 55 million malnourished
HOW ARE WE DOING ON FOOD PRODUCTION?
Ans✅ ✅: Really well !! (according to the FAO)
Primary Crop production up 54%
Meat production nearly doubled
Milk production up ~50%
Population up only 29%
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,2
Daily supply of calories in the world has gone up
Ans✅ ✅: All parts of the world have increased their supply of calories by ~25%
(except Oceania)
Still African countries are on average barely above the recommended diet
EAT YOUR FRUITS AND VEGETABLES!
Ans✅ ✅: -Lots more fruits and vegetables, most up more than 50%.
-For some reason cabbage production has been flat....
BUT THAT NEW FOOD COMES AT A COST
Ans✅ ✅: Increasing food production comes from
-Better seeds
-more inputs (fertilizers, herbicides)
-Better techniques
-Increased land area devoted to agriculture
-Deforestation
Both environmental and health consequences of increased production
INTEGRATED FOOD SECURITY PHASE CLASSIFICATION (IPC)
Ans✅ ✅: A Famine classification (IPC Phase 5) is the highest phase of the IPC Acute
Food Insecurity scale, and is attributed when an area has at least
- 20% of households facing an extreme lack of food,
- 30% of children suffering from acute malnutrition, and
- two people for every 10,000 dying each day due to outright starvation or to the
interaction of malnutrition and disease.
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,3
Level 3
Ans✅ ✅: Crisis - marginally able to meet minimum needs but deplete livelihood
assets.
Level 4
Ans✅ ✅: Emergency - Able to mitigate large consumption gaps but only by using
emergency livelihood strategies and asset liquidation.
IRISH POTATO FAMINE: SITUATION
Ans✅ ✅: Ireland in 1840's:
-English colony, poor, agricultural country
-English landlords owned most of the land, 40% of Irish worked as landless laborers,
only 25% owned land
-Potatoes were a very large part of the Irish diet. Potatoes w/ buttermilk is very
nutritious.
Potato Blight
-A fungus that destroys the crop underground, with at the time no known remedy
-Blight hit half the crop in 1845; destroyed nearly the entire crop in 1846, 1848, and
1849.
-1847 there was a partially successful potato harvest.
IRISH POTATO FAMINE: EFFECTS AND OUTCOMES
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, 4
Ans✅ ✅: Irish food markets and trade:
-Ireland both imported and exported food during the famine, perhaps net exporter (?)
-Food prices were high, especially for potatoes, imports of grain from the US helped
somewhat
Irish households
Most affected: Landless laborers who lost jobs -Lost their major source of income
(potato production) and had the cost of their major source of food increase
-Many were kicked off their land by landlords due to British colonial policy that taxed
landlords to fund poverty programs. Some landlords also went bankrupt.
-Could receive charity through colonial government "work houses", public works
programs, and soup kitchens
RESULTS : Irish potato famine
Ans✅ ✅: DEATH (290K TO 1.25 MILLION) &
MIGRATION (1.3 MILLION, MAYBE 40% PERISHED)
SOUTH ASIAN FAMINES: BENGAL FAMINE 1943
Ans✅ ✅: -Most affected: Famine victims were almost all from rural areas- agriculture
workers/landless laborers -Bengal was a region of North-East India under British
Colonial rule
-In Bengal, food grain (rice) availability was higher in 1943 (famine year) than in 1941.
-Among rural occupations:
-Farmers were the least affected group
-Agricultural workers (landless) were the most affected group
-Markets: sharp rise in the price of rice in rural areas, some decline in rural wages
© 2025 All rights reserved
AAE 350 - Exam 2 Questions with Answers (100% Correct
Answers)
Projections of food production and malnutrition from 1997
Ans✅ ✅: Grain
1997 developed countries : production 800 > Demand 700
1997 developing countries : production 1000 < Demand 1100
2020 Projections
Developed countries : production 1000 > Demand 800
Developing countries : production 1400 < Demand 1700
HOW ARE WE DOING : MALNUTRITION IN AFRICA?
Ans✅ ✅: Looks like a pessimistic scenario.
-Prediction was for 50 million malnourished in 2020
-In 2023, 55 million malnourished
HOW ARE WE DOING ON FOOD PRODUCTION?
Ans✅ ✅: Really well !! (according to the FAO)
Primary Crop production up 54%
Meat production nearly doubled
Milk production up ~50%
Population up only 29%
© 2025 All rights reserved
,2
Daily supply of calories in the world has gone up
Ans✅ ✅: All parts of the world have increased their supply of calories by ~25%
(except Oceania)
Still African countries are on average barely above the recommended diet
EAT YOUR FRUITS AND VEGETABLES!
Ans✅ ✅: -Lots more fruits and vegetables, most up more than 50%.
-For some reason cabbage production has been flat....
BUT THAT NEW FOOD COMES AT A COST
Ans✅ ✅: Increasing food production comes from
-Better seeds
-more inputs (fertilizers, herbicides)
-Better techniques
-Increased land area devoted to agriculture
-Deforestation
Both environmental and health consequences of increased production
INTEGRATED FOOD SECURITY PHASE CLASSIFICATION (IPC)
Ans✅ ✅: A Famine classification (IPC Phase 5) is the highest phase of the IPC Acute
Food Insecurity scale, and is attributed when an area has at least
- 20% of households facing an extreme lack of food,
- 30% of children suffering from acute malnutrition, and
- two people for every 10,000 dying each day due to outright starvation or to the
interaction of malnutrition and disease.
© 2025 All rights reserved
,3
Level 3
Ans✅ ✅: Crisis - marginally able to meet minimum needs but deplete livelihood
assets.
Level 4
Ans✅ ✅: Emergency - Able to mitigate large consumption gaps but only by using
emergency livelihood strategies and asset liquidation.
IRISH POTATO FAMINE: SITUATION
Ans✅ ✅: Ireland in 1840's:
-English colony, poor, agricultural country
-English landlords owned most of the land, 40% of Irish worked as landless laborers,
only 25% owned land
-Potatoes were a very large part of the Irish diet. Potatoes w/ buttermilk is very
nutritious.
Potato Blight
-A fungus that destroys the crop underground, with at the time no known remedy
-Blight hit half the crop in 1845; destroyed nearly the entire crop in 1846, 1848, and
1849.
-1847 there was a partially successful potato harvest.
IRISH POTATO FAMINE: EFFECTS AND OUTCOMES
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 4
Ans✅ ✅: Irish food markets and trade:
-Ireland both imported and exported food during the famine, perhaps net exporter (?)
-Food prices were high, especially for potatoes, imports of grain from the US helped
somewhat
Irish households
Most affected: Landless laborers who lost jobs -Lost their major source of income
(potato production) and had the cost of their major source of food increase
-Many were kicked off their land by landlords due to British colonial policy that taxed
landlords to fund poverty programs. Some landlords also went bankrupt.
-Could receive charity through colonial government "work houses", public works
programs, and soup kitchens
RESULTS : Irish potato famine
Ans✅ ✅: DEATH (290K TO 1.25 MILLION) &
MIGRATION (1.3 MILLION, MAYBE 40% PERISHED)
SOUTH ASIAN FAMINES: BENGAL FAMINE 1943
Ans✅ ✅: -Most affected: Famine victims were almost all from rural areas- agriculture
workers/landless laborers -Bengal was a region of North-East India under British
Colonial rule
-In Bengal, food grain (rice) availability was higher in 1943 (famine year) than in 1941.
-Among rural occupations:
-Farmers were the least affected group
-Agricultural workers (landless) were the most affected group
-Markets: sharp rise in the price of rice in rural areas, some decline in rural wages
© 2025 All rights reserved
