Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 12th Edition —
Chapter 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing.
1. Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – The Art of Pediatric Nursing,
Philosophy of Care
Question Stem: A pediatric nurse is caring for a 7-year-old
admitted for asthma exacerbation. The nurse involves the child
in treatment decisions by offering choices, such as which finger
for pulse oximetry or which toy to hold during nebulizer
treatment. This action best demonstrates which philosophical
component of family-centered care?
Options:
A) Respect for the child's autonomy and right to self-
determination
B) Strengthening the family's ability to provide long-term care
C) Ensuring all clinical decisions are made by an interdisciplinary
team
D) Providing all care in a hospital to guarantee patient safety
Correct Answer: A
Rationales:
• Correct (A): A core tenet of family-centered care is
respecting that children have autonomy and a right to
participate in their own care in a developmentally
appropriate way. Offering choices empowers the child and
reduces feelings of powerlessness (Hockenberry, Chapter
1, Philosophy of Care).
, • Incorrect (B): While strengthening the family is a goal, this
specific action is directly focused on empowering the child,
not the family's long-term capacity.
• Incorrect (C): Involving an interdisciplinary team is
important (collaboration), but this scenario describes a
nurse-child interaction, not an interdisciplinary decision.
• Incorrect (D): Hospitalization is not a philosophical
component of family-centered care, which actually
emphasizes care in the least restrictive environment,
including the home.
Teaching Point: Empowering children through choices
fosters autonomy and reduces fear during procedures.
2. Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Role of the Pediatric Nurse,
Family Advocacy and Caring
Question Stem: A 16-year-old with newly diagnosed type 1
diabetes confides in the nurse that they are afraid their friends
will treat them differently. The nurse arranges a meeting with a
peer support group of other teens managing diabetes. This
action best exemplifies which nursing role?
Options:
A) Health teaching
B) Coordination and collaboration
C) Support and counseling
D) Family advocacy
Correct Answer: C
Rationales:
, • Correct (C): Providing support and counseling involves
addressing psychosocial needs, offering emotional
support, and facilitating coping strategies, such as
connecting the adolescent with a peer support group
(Hockenberry, Chapter 1, Role of the Pediatric Nurse).
• Incorrect (A): Health teaching would involve educating on
insulin administration or carb counting, not primarily
addressing emotional concerns.
• Incorrect (B): Coordination involves organizing care among
providers; the nurse is connecting the patient to a
community resource for support, not for clinical care
coordination.
• Incorrect (D): Advocacy would involve speaking on the
patient's behalf to ensure needs are met; here, the nurse is
enabling the patient to find their own support.
Teaching Point: Nursing roles extend beyond physical care
to include addressing the emotional and social impacts of
a chronic illness.
3. Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Clinical Judgment and
Reasoning, Recognize Cues
Question Stem: A nurse is assessing a 2-month-old infant
during a well-child visit. The infant is alert, has a soft anterior
fontanel, and tracks the nurse's face with their eyes. The
mother reports the infant eats 4-5 oz every 4 hours and has 6-8
wet diapers daily. Which finding requires further investigation?
Options:
, A) Alertness
B) Fontanel characteristics
C) Eye tracking ability
D) Number of wet diapers
Correct Answer: C
Rationales:
• Correct (C): While tracking is a positive sign, consistent eye
tracking is not typically expected until 3-4 months of age.
This cue is slightly advanced and, while possibly normal,
should be noted and monitored to ensure it aligns with
other developmental milestones (Hockenberry, Chapter 4,
Growth and Development of the Infant).
• Incorrect (A), (B), (D): Alertness, a soft/flat fontanel, and
adequate wet diapers are all expected and positive
findings for a 2-month-old, indicating good neurologic
status, hydration, and nutrition.
Teaching Point: Recognizing atypical developmental cues,
even seemingly positive ones, is key to early identification
of potential issues.
4. Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 2 – Health Promotion, Nutrition
Question Stem: A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to
the parents of a 6-month-old infant who is exclusively
breastfed. Which of the following is the most appropriate
nutritional recommendation based on American Academy of
Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines?
Options:
Chapter 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing.
1. Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – The Art of Pediatric Nursing,
Philosophy of Care
Question Stem: A pediatric nurse is caring for a 7-year-old
admitted for asthma exacerbation. The nurse involves the child
in treatment decisions by offering choices, such as which finger
for pulse oximetry or which toy to hold during nebulizer
treatment. This action best demonstrates which philosophical
component of family-centered care?
Options:
A) Respect for the child's autonomy and right to self-
determination
B) Strengthening the family's ability to provide long-term care
C) Ensuring all clinical decisions are made by an interdisciplinary
team
D) Providing all care in a hospital to guarantee patient safety
Correct Answer: A
Rationales:
• Correct (A): A core tenet of family-centered care is
respecting that children have autonomy and a right to
participate in their own care in a developmentally
appropriate way. Offering choices empowers the child and
reduces feelings of powerlessness (Hockenberry, Chapter
1, Philosophy of Care).
, • Incorrect (B): While strengthening the family is a goal, this
specific action is directly focused on empowering the child,
not the family's long-term capacity.
• Incorrect (C): Involving an interdisciplinary team is
important (collaboration), but this scenario describes a
nurse-child interaction, not an interdisciplinary decision.
• Incorrect (D): Hospitalization is not a philosophical
component of family-centered care, which actually
emphasizes care in the least restrictive environment,
including the home.
Teaching Point: Empowering children through choices
fosters autonomy and reduces fear during procedures.
2. Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Role of the Pediatric Nurse,
Family Advocacy and Caring
Question Stem: A 16-year-old with newly diagnosed type 1
diabetes confides in the nurse that they are afraid their friends
will treat them differently. The nurse arranges a meeting with a
peer support group of other teens managing diabetes. This
action best exemplifies which nursing role?
Options:
A) Health teaching
B) Coordination and collaboration
C) Support and counseling
D) Family advocacy
Correct Answer: C
Rationales:
, • Correct (C): Providing support and counseling involves
addressing psychosocial needs, offering emotional
support, and facilitating coping strategies, such as
connecting the adolescent with a peer support group
(Hockenberry, Chapter 1, Role of the Pediatric Nurse).
• Incorrect (A): Health teaching would involve educating on
insulin administration or carb counting, not primarily
addressing emotional concerns.
• Incorrect (B): Coordination involves organizing care among
providers; the nurse is connecting the patient to a
community resource for support, not for clinical care
coordination.
• Incorrect (D): Advocacy would involve speaking on the
patient's behalf to ensure needs are met; here, the nurse is
enabling the patient to find their own support.
Teaching Point: Nursing roles extend beyond physical care
to include addressing the emotional and social impacts of
a chronic illness.
3. Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Clinical Judgment and
Reasoning, Recognize Cues
Question Stem: A nurse is assessing a 2-month-old infant
during a well-child visit. The infant is alert, has a soft anterior
fontanel, and tracks the nurse's face with their eyes. The
mother reports the infant eats 4-5 oz every 4 hours and has 6-8
wet diapers daily. Which finding requires further investigation?
Options:
, A) Alertness
B) Fontanel characteristics
C) Eye tracking ability
D) Number of wet diapers
Correct Answer: C
Rationales:
• Correct (C): While tracking is a positive sign, consistent eye
tracking is not typically expected until 3-4 months of age.
This cue is slightly advanced and, while possibly normal,
should be noted and monitored to ensure it aligns with
other developmental milestones (Hockenberry, Chapter 4,
Growth and Development of the Infant).
• Incorrect (A), (B), (D): Alertness, a soft/flat fontanel, and
adequate wet diapers are all expected and positive
findings for a 2-month-old, indicating good neurologic
status, hydration, and nutrition.
Teaching Point: Recognizing atypical developmental cues,
even seemingly positive ones, is key to early identification
of potential issues.
4. Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 2 – Health Promotion, Nutrition
Question Stem: A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to
the parents of a 6-month-old infant who is exclusively
breastfed. Which of the following is the most appropriate
nutritional recommendation based on American Academy of
Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines?
Options:
