WGU D236 Patho - Megan/Shay’s Study Guides || All Answers are
Flawless.
What is the primary determinant of oncotic pressure? correct answers Albumin
Form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins correct answers Oncotic Pressure
What is the difference between adult and child immunity? correct answers Naive T Cells
Fluid and electrolyte levels are regulated by _________________, which regulates actions such
as thirst, ADH, the kidneys, and RAAS. correct answers Osmoreceptors
What are the causes of dehydration? correct answers #Excessive loss
#Inadequate intake
#Both
What s/sx are associated with dehydration? correct answers #Dry mucous membranes
#Decreased skin turgor
#Decreased urine output
#Low blood pressure
#Tachycardia
#Weak heart rate
#Confusion
A patient with a viral illness and severe vomiting has an elevated CO2 level and pH of 7.53. She
is breathing slowly. What condition does she have? correct answers Metabolic alkalosis
,The patient's pH and CO2 levels are both elevated (moving in the same direction). This indicates
metabolic alkalosis. The CO2 level is high because her respiratory system is attempting to
compensate for the high pH by exhaling less and retaining more CO2.
Normal CO2 level correct answers 35-45
Normal pH level correct answers 7.35-7.45
Normal HCO3 level correct answers 22-26
Michael's pulmonary edema leads to respiratory acidosis. How does pH impact Michael's basal
metabolic panel? Choose 3 answers.
His CO2 level is increased because his lungs have difficulty removing it from the bloodstream.
His calcium level is reduced because the elevated concentration of H+ makes it easier for Ca+ to
bind to albumin.
His CO2 level is decreased because his lungs have difficulty adding it into the bloodstream.
His sodium level is decreased due to hypervolemia.
His K+ is elevated because, as H+ moves inside of cells in an attempt to get it out of the
bloodstream, K+ moves from cells into the bloodstream. correct answers His CO2 level is
increased because his lungs have difficulty removing it from the bloodstream.
His sodium level is decreased due to hypervolemia.
,His K+ is elevated because, as H+ moves inside of cells in an attempt to get it out of the
bloodstream, K+ moves from cells into the bloodstream.
A hormone panel was done on a patient with congestive heart failure and fluid volume overload.
Which elevated hormone on the patient's chart is indicative of the body's attempt to reduce the
fluid overload?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)
Aldosterone
Renin correct answers BNP
BNP is released when fluid volume excess is present.
Normal sodium level correct answers 135-145
Hyponatremia is indicated by what lab result? S/Sx? correct answers Na < 135
Loss of energy or fatigue
Nausea and vomiting
Headache
Confusion
Muscle spasms
Low blood pressure
Dark scanty urine
, Irritability, disorientation and neurological manifestations
Seizures
Hypernatremia is indicated by what lab result? S/Sx correct answers Na > 145
Excessive thirst
Extreme fatigue
Confusion
Muscle twitching or spasms
Restlessness
Seizures
Normal potassium level correct answers 3.5-5.0
Hypokalemia is indicated by what lab result? S/Sx correct answers K < 3.5
#Muscle fatigue/cramping
#Nausea, vomiting, constipation
#Cardiac dysrhythmias
#Paresthesia (numbness/tingling)
Hyperkalemia is indicated by what lab result? S/Sx? correct answers K > 5.0
Muscle weakness/paralysis
Paresthesia (numbness/tingling)
Cardiac dysrhythmias
Cardiac arrest/MI
Flawless.
What is the primary determinant of oncotic pressure? correct answers Albumin
Form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins correct answers Oncotic Pressure
What is the difference between adult and child immunity? correct answers Naive T Cells
Fluid and electrolyte levels are regulated by _________________, which regulates actions such
as thirst, ADH, the kidneys, and RAAS. correct answers Osmoreceptors
What are the causes of dehydration? correct answers #Excessive loss
#Inadequate intake
#Both
What s/sx are associated with dehydration? correct answers #Dry mucous membranes
#Decreased skin turgor
#Decreased urine output
#Low blood pressure
#Tachycardia
#Weak heart rate
#Confusion
A patient with a viral illness and severe vomiting has an elevated CO2 level and pH of 7.53. She
is breathing slowly. What condition does she have? correct answers Metabolic alkalosis
,The patient's pH and CO2 levels are both elevated (moving in the same direction). This indicates
metabolic alkalosis. The CO2 level is high because her respiratory system is attempting to
compensate for the high pH by exhaling less and retaining more CO2.
Normal CO2 level correct answers 35-45
Normal pH level correct answers 7.35-7.45
Normal HCO3 level correct answers 22-26
Michael's pulmonary edema leads to respiratory acidosis. How does pH impact Michael's basal
metabolic panel? Choose 3 answers.
His CO2 level is increased because his lungs have difficulty removing it from the bloodstream.
His calcium level is reduced because the elevated concentration of H+ makes it easier for Ca+ to
bind to albumin.
His CO2 level is decreased because his lungs have difficulty adding it into the bloodstream.
His sodium level is decreased due to hypervolemia.
His K+ is elevated because, as H+ moves inside of cells in an attempt to get it out of the
bloodstream, K+ moves from cells into the bloodstream. correct answers His CO2 level is
increased because his lungs have difficulty removing it from the bloodstream.
His sodium level is decreased due to hypervolemia.
,His K+ is elevated because, as H+ moves inside of cells in an attempt to get it out of the
bloodstream, K+ moves from cells into the bloodstream.
A hormone panel was done on a patient with congestive heart failure and fluid volume overload.
Which elevated hormone on the patient's chart is indicative of the body's attempt to reduce the
fluid overload?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)
Aldosterone
Renin correct answers BNP
BNP is released when fluid volume excess is present.
Normal sodium level correct answers 135-145
Hyponatremia is indicated by what lab result? S/Sx? correct answers Na < 135
Loss of energy or fatigue
Nausea and vomiting
Headache
Confusion
Muscle spasms
Low blood pressure
Dark scanty urine
, Irritability, disorientation and neurological manifestations
Seizures
Hypernatremia is indicated by what lab result? S/Sx correct answers Na > 145
Excessive thirst
Extreme fatigue
Confusion
Muscle twitching or spasms
Restlessness
Seizures
Normal potassium level correct answers 3.5-5.0
Hypokalemia is indicated by what lab result? S/Sx correct answers K < 3.5
#Muscle fatigue/cramping
#Nausea, vomiting, constipation
#Cardiac dysrhythmias
#Paresthesia (numbness/tingling)
Hyperkalemia is indicated by what lab result? S/Sx? correct answers K > 5.0
Muscle weakness/paralysis
Paresthesia (numbness/tingling)
Cardiac dysrhythmias
Cardiac arrest/MI
