Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 12th Edition —
Chapter 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing.
1. Chapter 1 — Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
(Philosophy of Care / Family-centered care)
Stem: A hospitalized 6-month-old’s mother is anxious and
asks the nurse to remain with the infant during
procedures. Which action best reflects family-centered
pediatric nursing? (≤65 words)
A. Explain that parents must wait in the family lounge.
B. Offer to involve the mother in comforting measures
during procedures.
C. Ask the mother to sign a form declining participation.
D. Tell the mother that presence increases infection risk.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: Family-centered care supports parental presence
and participation to reduce infant stress and improve
outcomes (Wong, 12th Ed., Ch. 1 — Perspectives of
Pediatric Nursing: Family-Centered Care).
• A: Excluding parents unnecessarily undermines family-
centered care and increases anxiety.
• C: Asking to sign a decline is coercive and not consistent
with encouraging involvement.
,• D: Routine parental presence is not an infection risk when
standard precautions are used.
Teaching Point: Family-centered care: actively include
parents to reduce child stress and improve outcomes.
2. Chapter 2 — Family, Social, Cultural, and Religious
Influences on Child Health Promotion (Cultural
Competence)
Stem: A nurse counsels a Somali family who practices
traditional postnatal rituals. Best first nursing action?
A. Tell them to stop cultural rituals immediately.
B. Explore the family’s beliefs and adapt care
collaboratively.
C. Replace rituals with hospital rituals.
D. Document refusal of hospital recommendations and
leave.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: Exploring beliefs supports culturally competent
care and enables negotiated, safe adaptations (Wong, 12th
Ed., Ch. 2 — Cultural Influences).
• A: Demanding discontinuation disrespects culture and
damages trust.
• C: Substituting without discussion ignores family values.
,• D: Documentation without dialogue misses opportunity for
partnership.
Teaching Point: Assess cultural beliefs first; negotiate safe,
respectful care plans.
3. Chapter 4 — Communication and Physical Assessment
of the Child and Family (Developmental Assessment)
Stem: During a well visit, a 15-month-old protests when
separated from the parent and is wary of strangers. What
developmental stage is this?
A. Sensorimotor stranger anxiety — expected behavior.
B. Separation anxiety indicating attachment disorder.
C. Social regression requiring therapy.
D. Autism spectrum disorder.
Correct Answer: A
Rationales:
• Correct: At ~8–18 months, stranger anxiety and protest at
separation are normal sensorimotor attachment behaviors
(Wong, 12th Ed., Ch. 4 — Developmental Assessment).
• B: Separation anxiety is normal at this age; not by itself
diagnostic of disorder.
• C: Regression requires loss of previously acquired skills; not
present here.
, • D: Single behavior of stranger wariness does not indicate
ASD.
Teaching Point: Stranger anxiety/separation protest are
expected in toddlers—reassure caregivers.
4. Chapter 10 — Health Promotion of the Infant and
Family (Nutrition & Feeding)
Stem: A mother plans exclusive breastfeeding. Which
nursing teaching is most important in the first 24 hours?
A. Offer formula supplements if baby sleeps long periods.
B. Encourage early, frequent breastfeeding and skin-to-skin
contact.
C. Delay feeding until colostrum transitions to mature milk.
D. Wait 12 hours before the first breastfeeding to let infant
rest.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: Early, frequent breastfeeding with skin-to-skin
promotes latch, thermoregulation, and milk production
(Wong, 12th Ed., Ch. 10 — Infant Nutrition).
• A: Routine formula supplementation undermines exclusive
breastfeeding unless medically indicated.
• C: Colostrum is beneficial and should be fed early.
Chapter 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing.
1. Chapter 1 — Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
(Philosophy of Care / Family-centered care)
Stem: A hospitalized 6-month-old’s mother is anxious and
asks the nurse to remain with the infant during
procedures. Which action best reflects family-centered
pediatric nursing? (≤65 words)
A. Explain that parents must wait in the family lounge.
B. Offer to involve the mother in comforting measures
during procedures.
C. Ask the mother to sign a form declining participation.
D. Tell the mother that presence increases infection risk.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: Family-centered care supports parental presence
and participation to reduce infant stress and improve
outcomes (Wong, 12th Ed., Ch. 1 — Perspectives of
Pediatric Nursing: Family-Centered Care).
• A: Excluding parents unnecessarily undermines family-
centered care and increases anxiety.
• C: Asking to sign a decline is coercive and not consistent
with encouraging involvement.
,• D: Routine parental presence is not an infection risk when
standard precautions are used.
Teaching Point: Family-centered care: actively include
parents to reduce child stress and improve outcomes.
2. Chapter 2 — Family, Social, Cultural, and Religious
Influences on Child Health Promotion (Cultural
Competence)
Stem: A nurse counsels a Somali family who practices
traditional postnatal rituals. Best first nursing action?
A. Tell them to stop cultural rituals immediately.
B. Explore the family’s beliefs and adapt care
collaboratively.
C. Replace rituals with hospital rituals.
D. Document refusal of hospital recommendations and
leave.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: Exploring beliefs supports culturally competent
care and enables negotiated, safe adaptations (Wong, 12th
Ed., Ch. 2 — Cultural Influences).
• A: Demanding discontinuation disrespects culture and
damages trust.
• C: Substituting without discussion ignores family values.
,• D: Documentation without dialogue misses opportunity for
partnership.
Teaching Point: Assess cultural beliefs first; negotiate safe,
respectful care plans.
3. Chapter 4 — Communication and Physical Assessment
of the Child and Family (Developmental Assessment)
Stem: During a well visit, a 15-month-old protests when
separated from the parent and is wary of strangers. What
developmental stage is this?
A. Sensorimotor stranger anxiety — expected behavior.
B. Separation anxiety indicating attachment disorder.
C. Social regression requiring therapy.
D. Autism spectrum disorder.
Correct Answer: A
Rationales:
• Correct: At ~8–18 months, stranger anxiety and protest at
separation are normal sensorimotor attachment behaviors
(Wong, 12th Ed., Ch. 4 — Developmental Assessment).
• B: Separation anxiety is normal at this age; not by itself
diagnostic of disorder.
• C: Regression requires loss of previously acquired skills; not
present here.
, • D: Single behavior of stranger wariness does not indicate
ASD.
Teaching Point: Stranger anxiety/separation protest are
expected in toddlers—reassure caregivers.
4. Chapter 10 — Health Promotion of the Infant and
Family (Nutrition & Feeding)
Stem: A mother plans exclusive breastfeeding. Which
nursing teaching is most important in the first 24 hours?
A. Offer formula supplements if baby sleeps long periods.
B. Encourage early, frequent breastfeeding and skin-to-skin
contact.
C. Delay feeding until colostrum transitions to mature milk.
D. Wait 12 hours before the first breastfeeding to let infant
rest.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: Early, frequent breastfeeding with skin-to-skin
promotes latch, thermoregulation, and milk production
(Wong, 12th Ed., Ch. 10 — Infant Nutrition).
• A: Routine formula supplementation undermines exclusive
breastfeeding unless medically indicated.
• C: Colostrum is beneficial and should be fed early.
