MCB4271 FINAL EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Antibiotic resistance occurs naturally, but the _____ of drugs in humans and animals is
accelerating the process. - ANS underuse, use, and overuse
On average, how long does it take for the development of clinical resistance to an antibiotic? -
ANS 8 years
Factors contributing to AMR in healthcare include (choose the best answer) - ANS lack of
antibiotics, poor sanitation, inadequate infection controls
The use of antibiotics in farm animals has been ______ in 1951. - ANS approced
What are the reasons that make it difficult to eliminate antibiotics from their use in farm
animals? - ANS loss of profit to animal farming companies, loss of profit to pharmaceutical
companies, easy access to antibiotics
Major host reservoirs that are exposed to antibiotic selective pressure include the following: -
ANS Food animals, pets, and humans
What is the problem associated with the Citrus Greening Disease? - ANS Massive application
1
of clinically-important antibiotics on citrus crops
Page
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, Johnny developed a MRSA infections when he got injured during his baseball practice. Johnny
got a _____ acquired infection. - ANS community
According to the WHO, antimicrobial resistance is one of the biggest threats to global health
and food security today. - ANS True
Check all the reasons why antibiotics are used in food animals: - ANS Growth promotion
(although banned in 2017), infection control
All strains of mold produce penicillin. True/False - ANS False
The structure of beta-lactam antibiotics resemble: - ANS a house
beta-lactam antibiotics are characterized by: - ANS a 4-member ring containing a nitrogen
penicillinases are - ANS enzymes that deactivate penicillin
The structure below is D-ala-Dala dipeptide. What is its function? - ANS peptidoglycan
terminus
clavams are very potent antibiotics - ANS false
What is this antibiotic (structure covering D-Ala-D-Ala - ANS vancomycin
What is the function of the penicillin binding protein? - ANS to crosslink peptidoglycan
2
Page
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AND ANSWERS
Antibiotic resistance occurs naturally, but the _____ of drugs in humans and animals is
accelerating the process. - ANS underuse, use, and overuse
On average, how long does it take for the development of clinical resistance to an antibiotic? -
ANS 8 years
Factors contributing to AMR in healthcare include (choose the best answer) - ANS lack of
antibiotics, poor sanitation, inadequate infection controls
The use of antibiotics in farm animals has been ______ in 1951. - ANS approced
What are the reasons that make it difficult to eliminate antibiotics from their use in farm
animals? - ANS loss of profit to animal farming companies, loss of profit to pharmaceutical
companies, easy access to antibiotics
Major host reservoirs that are exposed to antibiotic selective pressure include the following: -
ANS Food animals, pets, and humans
What is the problem associated with the Citrus Greening Disease? - ANS Massive application
1
of clinically-important antibiotics on citrus crops
Page
@COPYRIGHT @THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
, Johnny developed a MRSA infections when he got injured during his baseball practice. Johnny
got a _____ acquired infection. - ANS community
According to the WHO, antimicrobial resistance is one of the biggest threats to global health
and food security today. - ANS True
Check all the reasons why antibiotics are used in food animals: - ANS Growth promotion
(although banned in 2017), infection control
All strains of mold produce penicillin. True/False - ANS False
The structure of beta-lactam antibiotics resemble: - ANS a house
beta-lactam antibiotics are characterized by: - ANS a 4-member ring containing a nitrogen
penicillinases are - ANS enzymes that deactivate penicillin
The structure below is D-ala-Dala dipeptide. What is its function? - ANS peptidoglycan
terminus
clavams are very potent antibiotics - ANS false
What is this antibiotic (structure covering D-Ala-D-Ala - ANS vancomycin
What is the function of the penicillin binding protein? - ANS to crosslink peptidoglycan
2
Page
@COPYRIGHT @THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
