Advanced Pharmacology Exam 1
Questions with Correct Answers 2025
Once you graduate from an NP program, in order to prescribe you'll need: - CORRECT ANSWER --
Advanced nurse prescriber license
-DEA #
What is the purpose of a DEA #? - CORRECT ANSWER -Needed to prescribed scheduled drugs
Rules for prescribing Schedule II drugs: - CORRECT ANSWER --Written script needed
-1 month supply only
-No refills
What is the PDMP? - CORRECT ANSWER -Prescription Drug Monitoring Program
Used to effectively track patient's controlled substance uses across different health facilities (in the sa
me state)
What are clinical practice guidelines? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Recommendations that are intended to optimize patient care that are informed by a systematic review
of the evidence and an assessment of the benefits/harms of alternative care practices
Ex: sepsis, CAP
Common causes of medication errors: - CORRECT ANSWER --Illegible writing
-Drug names that sound alike
-Medications that look alike
-Administering a drug with the wrong route
What is pharmacokinetics? What are its 4 categories? - CORRECT ANSWER -
What the body does to the drug
,1. Absorption
2. Metabolism
3. Distribution
4. Excretion
Quickest Lroute Lof Labsorption? LSlowest? L- LCORRECT LANSWER L-IV L=
Lquickest LIM L= Lslowest
What Lis Lthe Lmost Lcommon Lway Ldrugs Lpass Lthrough Lcell Lmembranes? L- LCORRECT
LANSWER L- LPassive Ldiffusion
What Lcharacteristics Lof La Ldrug Lallow Lit Lto Lpass Lmost Lquickly Lthrough Lcell Lmembranes L(usually
Lthrough Lpassive Ldiffusion)? L- LCORRECT LANSWER L-Small, Luncharged L(unionized), Llipid Lsoluble--
pass L through L membrane L without L any L energy
What L does L it L mean L when L a L drug L is L ionized? L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -
It Lmeans Lthat Lthe Ldrug Lis Lstuck Lin Lthe Lcompartment Lit Lwas Lionized Lin Land Lhas Lto Lbe Lmoved Lto Lthe
Lnext L compartment L(cannot Lbe Labsorbed Linto Lthe Lbloodstream)
Where L do L weak L acids L absorb? L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -Stomach
Where L do L weak L bases L absorb? L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -Small L intestine
pH L of L stomach: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -2-4
pH L of L small L intestine: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -6-7
pH L of L large L intestine: L - LCORRECT L ANSWER L -6-7
,pH L of L bloodstream: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -7.35-7.45
pH L of L bladder: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -5-8
pH L of L breastmilk: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -7.1
Where Lwill La Ldrug Labsorb Lif Lit Lis La Lweak Lbase Lthat Lionizes Lat La LpH Lof L4 Land
Llower? L- L CORRECT LANSWER L-In Lthe Lsmall Lintestine L(since Lthe Lstomach Lhas La
LpH Lof L2-
4, L so L the L drug L will L become L ionized L and L move L to L the L small L intestine L where L it L will L be L able
L to L absorb L int Lo Lthe Lbloodstream)
How Lcan Lwe Lmanipulate Lthe Lurine LpH Lin Lcases Lof Loverdose? L- LCORRECT
LANSWER L- LDrugs Lthat Lare Lweak Lacids L(aspirin) Lcan Lbe Ltrapped Land Lexcreted
Lthrough Lthe Lurine.
We Lraise LpH Lof Lthe Lurine L(with Lsodium Lbicarb) Lto Lforce Lthe Ldrug Lto Lionize Land Lallow Lit Lto Lbe
Lexcreted, L not Lreabsorbed Lthrough Lthe Lbloodstream.
What L is L distribution? L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -
How L a L drug L will L be L transported L to L the L tissues L it L needs L to L go L to L in L order L for L it L to L exert L its
L effects
Drug L factors L related L to L distribution: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L --Lipid L solubility
-Molecular L size
-Degree L of L ionization
-Duration Lof L action
-Cellular L binding
-Therapeutic Leffects
-Toxic Leffects
(lipid L soluble, L small, L and L non-ionized L drugs L will L distribute L more L quickly)
, Body L factors L related L to L distribution: L - L CORRECT LANSWER L --
Vascularity L (poor L perfusion, L disruption L of L blood Lflow L due L to L trauma--difficulty L distributing)
-Blood Lbarriers L(blood-brain-barrier Lcan Lbe Lproblematic Lif Lwe Lneed Lto Lget Ldrugs Lto Lthe
Lbrain-- Lwill Lneed Lvery L high Ldosing Lsince L only L a Lsmall Lamount Lof L the L drug Lwill Lget
L through)
-Transport Lmechanisms
-Plasma L binding L proteins
-Disease L states
-Volume L of L distribution
-Drug L interactions
What Lis Lthe Lkey Lplasma Lprotein Linvolved Lwith Lprotein Lbinding Lfor Lmedications? L- LCORRECT
LANSWER L- LAlbumin
Why Ldo Lwe Lmonitor Lalbumin? L- LCORRECT LANSWER L-
LIndicative Lof Lnutritional Lstatus Land Lhow Lwell Lprotein-
bound L drugs L will L be L transported L to L their L target L locations
What L happens L to L the L therapeutic L effect L of L a L drug L when L the L patient L is L elderly L and L has L very
L low L levels L o Lf Lalbumin? L- LCORRECT LANSWER L-
The Ldrug Ldoes Lnot Lbind Lto Lthe Lprotein L(albumin) Las Lmuch Las Lexpected, Lso Lthere Lis La Llot Lof
Lfree Ldrug Lflo L ating Lin Lthe Lplasma; Lhigh Lrisk Lfor Ldrug Ltoxicity
Protein L bound L means: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -
Inactive L form L of L the L drug; L does L not L have L any L therapeutic L effect L when L bound L to L a L protein
Free L drug L means: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -Active L form Lof L the L drug L (available L for L therapeutic L effect)
What L happens L when L a L patient L is L on L two L drugs L that L are L competing L for L the L same Lprotein
L binding L site L o Ln Lthe Lalbumin? L- LCORRECT LANSWER L-
Some L drug L interactions L can L occur. LDrugs L fight L for L binding L position, L but L both L drugs L do L not L get
L enough L a Ls Lthe Lusually Lwould. LLeads Lto Lhigher Lfree Ldrug Llevels, Ldecreased Loverall Lalbumin
Lbinding, Land Lpotential Ltoxicity Lfor Lboth Ldrugs.
Questions with Correct Answers 2025
Once you graduate from an NP program, in order to prescribe you'll need: - CORRECT ANSWER --
Advanced nurse prescriber license
-DEA #
What is the purpose of a DEA #? - CORRECT ANSWER -Needed to prescribed scheduled drugs
Rules for prescribing Schedule II drugs: - CORRECT ANSWER --Written script needed
-1 month supply only
-No refills
What is the PDMP? - CORRECT ANSWER -Prescription Drug Monitoring Program
Used to effectively track patient's controlled substance uses across different health facilities (in the sa
me state)
What are clinical practice guidelines? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Recommendations that are intended to optimize patient care that are informed by a systematic review
of the evidence and an assessment of the benefits/harms of alternative care practices
Ex: sepsis, CAP
Common causes of medication errors: - CORRECT ANSWER --Illegible writing
-Drug names that sound alike
-Medications that look alike
-Administering a drug with the wrong route
What is pharmacokinetics? What are its 4 categories? - CORRECT ANSWER -
What the body does to the drug
,1. Absorption
2. Metabolism
3. Distribution
4. Excretion
Quickest Lroute Lof Labsorption? LSlowest? L- LCORRECT LANSWER L-IV L=
Lquickest LIM L= Lslowest
What Lis Lthe Lmost Lcommon Lway Ldrugs Lpass Lthrough Lcell Lmembranes? L- LCORRECT
LANSWER L- LPassive Ldiffusion
What Lcharacteristics Lof La Ldrug Lallow Lit Lto Lpass Lmost Lquickly Lthrough Lcell Lmembranes L(usually
Lthrough Lpassive Ldiffusion)? L- LCORRECT LANSWER L-Small, Luncharged L(unionized), Llipid Lsoluble--
pass L through L membrane L without L any L energy
What L does L it L mean L when L a L drug L is L ionized? L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -
It Lmeans Lthat Lthe Ldrug Lis Lstuck Lin Lthe Lcompartment Lit Lwas Lionized Lin Land Lhas Lto Lbe Lmoved Lto Lthe
Lnext L compartment L(cannot Lbe Labsorbed Linto Lthe Lbloodstream)
Where L do L weak L acids L absorb? L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -Stomach
Where L do L weak L bases L absorb? L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -Small L intestine
pH L of L stomach: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -2-4
pH L of L small L intestine: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -6-7
pH L of L large L intestine: L - LCORRECT L ANSWER L -6-7
,pH L of L bloodstream: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -7.35-7.45
pH L of L bladder: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -5-8
pH L of L breastmilk: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -7.1
Where Lwill La Ldrug Labsorb Lif Lit Lis La Lweak Lbase Lthat Lionizes Lat La LpH Lof L4 Land
Llower? L- L CORRECT LANSWER L-In Lthe Lsmall Lintestine L(since Lthe Lstomach Lhas La
LpH Lof L2-
4, L so L the L drug L will L become L ionized L and L move L to L the L small L intestine L where L it L will L be L able
L to L absorb L int Lo Lthe Lbloodstream)
How Lcan Lwe Lmanipulate Lthe Lurine LpH Lin Lcases Lof Loverdose? L- LCORRECT
LANSWER L- LDrugs Lthat Lare Lweak Lacids L(aspirin) Lcan Lbe Ltrapped Land Lexcreted
Lthrough Lthe Lurine.
We Lraise LpH Lof Lthe Lurine L(with Lsodium Lbicarb) Lto Lforce Lthe Ldrug Lto Lionize Land Lallow Lit Lto Lbe
Lexcreted, L not Lreabsorbed Lthrough Lthe Lbloodstream.
What L is L distribution? L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -
How L a L drug L will L be L transported L to L the L tissues L it L needs L to L go L to L in L order L for L it L to L exert L its
L effects
Drug L factors L related L to L distribution: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L --Lipid L solubility
-Molecular L size
-Degree L of L ionization
-Duration Lof L action
-Cellular L binding
-Therapeutic Leffects
-Toxic Leffects
(lipid L soluble, L small, L and L non-ionized L drugs L will L distribute L more L quickly)
, Body L factors L related L to L distribution: L - L CORRECT LANSWER L --
Vascularity L (poor L perfusion, L disruption L of L blood Lflow L due L to L trauma--difficulty L distributing)
-Blood Lbarriers L(blood-brain-barrier Lcan Lbe Lproblematic Lif Lwe Lneed Lto Lget Ldrugs Lto Lthe
Lbrain-- Lwill Lneed Lvery L high Ldosing Lsince L only L a Lsmall Lamount Lof L the L drug Lwill Lget
L through)
-Transport Lmechanisms
-Plasma L binding L proteins
-Disease L states
-Volume L of L distribution
-Drug L interactions
What Lis Lthe Lkey Lplasma Lprotein Linvolved Lwith Lprotein Lbinding Lfor Lmedications? L- LCORRECT
LANSWER L- LAlbumin
Why Ldo Lwe Lmonitor Lalbumin? L- LCORRECT LANSWER L-
LIndicative Lof Lnutritional Lstatus Land Lhow Lwell Lprotein-
bound L drugs L will L be L transported L to L their L target L locations
What L happens L to L the L therapeutic L effect L of L a L drug L when L the L patient L is L elderly L and L has L very
L low L levels L o Lf Lalbumin? L- LCORRECT LANSWER L-
The Ldrug Ldoes Lnot Lbind Lto Lthe Lprotein L(albumin) Las Lmuch Las Lexpected, Lso Lthere Lis La Llot Lof
Lfree Ldrug Lflo L ating Lin Lthe Lplasma; Lhigh Lrisk Lfor Ldrug Ltoxicity
Protein L bound L means: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -
Inactive L form L of L the L drug; L does L not L have L any L therapeutic L effect L when L bound L to L a L protein
Free L drug L means: L - L CORRECT L ANSWER L -Active L form Lof L the L drug L (available L for L therapeutic L effect)
What L happens L when L a L patient L is L on L two L drugs L that L are L competing L for L the L same Lprotein
L binding L site L o Ln Lthe Lalbumin? L- LCORRECT LANSWER L-
Some L drug L interactions L can L occur. LDrugs L fight L for L binding L position, L but L both L drugs L do L not L get
L enough L a Ls Lthe Lusually Lwould. LLeads Lto Lhigher Lfree Ldrug Llevels, Ldecreased Loverall Lalbumin
Lbinding, Land Lpotential Ltoxicity Lfor Lboth Ldrugs.
