ARMDS ECHO HINTS EXAM 100% VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LV Mass 9eight) remains normal in chronic: - ANSWER: mitral stenosis
High engulation of an M-mode transducer bean equals to - ANSWER: pseudo bicuspid AV
What is the primary effect of long standing AI? - ANSWER: decreased EF
High velocity jet (4 m/sec) will be what type of trace MS or AI? - ANSWER: AI
Which of the following syndrome fits with AR, AO dilatation, Ao dissections & Ao aneurysm? -
ANSWER: Marfan syndrome
Why follow chronic AI patients? - ANSWER: check LV size
Systolic reversal od flow is also called what? - ANSWER: "retrograde"
RVSP=? - PAP
Lambl's Excrescenced are sometimes listed as apotential answer - ANSWER: They are thin filiform
strands (fronds) that form on the edges of valve leaflets
What cause a pericadial knock? - ANSWER: abrupt cessation of early diastolic inflow (classic in
constrictive pericarditis) similar in timing to a very loud S3
What accompanies bicuspid Aortic valves? - ANSWER: coarctation of the aorta (50% of coarcts have a
bicuspid valve)
When is mitral pressure half-time NOT accurate? - ANSWER: post valvuloplasty
Given TR and RA pressure what can you calculate? - ANSWER: Right ventricular systolic pressure
(RVSP)=PAP
If your patient has a dilated LV and thin septum what might be going on with the patient? - ANSWER:
Severe MR
What is the best way to determine the severity of MR? - ANSWER: pulmonary venous flow
Which cardiac pathology affects the valves? - ANSWER: carcinoid
Name the 2 layers of the pericardium - ANSWER: visceral and parietal
Which pericardial layer is the serous? - ANSWER: visceral or epicardial
Cardiac tamponade is rapid filling of fluid: - ANSWER: causing restrictive diastolic filling
Question about an indication of tamponade and the best answer was? - ANSWER: "RA/RV collapse in
diastole"
A acyanotic shunt is? - ANSWER: Left to Right
, A cyanotic shunt is? - ANSWER: Right to Left
Kids with Tuberous Sclerosis develop what type of cadiac tumors? - ANSWER: Rhabdomyomas
Peripheral contrast NOT useful in? - ANSWER: AI
Which view shows the coronary sinus in long axis? - ANSWER: Apical 4-chamber with posterior
angulation
What is the valve of the IVC? - ANSWER: Eustachian valve
What is meant by automaticity? - ANSWER: The ability to initiate an electric impulse or beat
What is Intrinsic? - ANSWER: pertaining exclusively to a part
What does amyl nitrite do to HR? - ANSWER: Increase heart rate
Where does a pacer wire goes to? - ANSWER: the right apex central venous lines stays in the RA
Where does Swan-Ganz catheters goes to? - ANSWER: usually DO NOT go to the RV apex
Why are the right and left coronaries called right and left? - ANSWER: the left artery supplies most of
the LV and the right artery most of th RV
Why are th RCC, LCC and NCC called what they are? - ANSWER: because of the coronaries
Whre does the left anterior descending coronary artery originate? - ANSWER: anterior
interventricular sulcus
A systolic rumble might be? - ANSWER: Tricuspid regurgitation
What is hematocrit? - ANSWER: % of blood comprised of red blood cells
If you are doing an echo on a supine patient who becomes short of breath what should you do first? -
ANSWER: sit the patient upright
Wjat do you do first for an apneic patient after giving sedation? - ANSWER: check their airway
Why do an IVC "sniff" test? - ANSWER: to check for elevated RA pressure
What type of shunt causes cyanosis in newborns? - ANSWER: R to L shunts
What is a "pressure drop"? - ANSWER: same as a gradient across valves
Which of thevalves is LEAST likely to be affected in rheumatic heart disease? - ANSWER: pulmonic
valve
In the CATH LAB the Gorlin Formula is used to calculate what? - ANSWER: valvular area
Mitral valve inflow velocity should not be affected by? - ANSWER: Gender
Which valve is most likely to regurgitate in normals? - ANSWER: Tricuspid valve
causes of acute mitral regurgitation: - ANSWER: -endocarditis
-ruptured chordae
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LV Mass 9eight) remains normal in chronic: - ANSWER: mitral stenosis
High engulation of an M-mode transducer bean equals to - ANSWER: pseudo bicuspid AV
What is the primary effect of long standing AI? - ANSWER: decreased EF
High velocity jet (4 m/sec) will be what type of trace MS or AI? - ANSWER: AI
Which of the following syndrome fits with AR, AO dilatation, Ao dissections & Ao aneurysm? -
ANSWER: Marfan syndrome
Why follow chronic AI patients? - ANSWER: check LV size
Systolic reversal od flow is also called what? - ANSWER: "retrograde"
RVSP=? - PAP
Lambl's Excrescenced are sometimes listed as apotential answer - ANSWER: They are thin filiform
strands (fronds) that form on the edges of valve leaflets
What cause a pericadial knock? - ANSWER: abrupt cessation of early diastolic inflow (classic in
constrictive pericarditis) similar in timing to a very loud S3
What accompanies bicuspid Aortic valves? - ANSWER: coarctation of the aorta (50% of coarcts have a
bicuspid valve)
When is mitral pressure half-time NOT accurate? - ANSWER: post valvuloplasty
Given TR and RA pressure what can you calculate? - ANSWER: Right ventricular systolic pressure
(RVSP)=PAP
If your patient has a dilated LV and thin septum what might be going on with the patient? - ANSWER:
Severe MR
What is the best way to determine the severity of MR? - ANSWER: pulmonary venous flow
Which cardiac pathology affects the valves? - ANSWER: carcinoid
Name the 2 layers of the pericardium - ANSWER: visceral and parietal
Which pericardial layer is the serous? - ANSWER: visceral or epicardial
Cardiac tamponade is rapid filling of fluid: - ANSWER: causing restrictive diastolic filling
Question about an indication of tamponade and the best answer was? - ANSWER: "RA/RV collapse in
diastole"
A acyanotic shunt is? - ANSWER: Left to Right
, A cyanotic shunt is? - ANSWER: Right to Left
Kids with Tuberous Sclerosis develop what type of cadiac tumors? - ANSWER: Rhabdomyomas
Peripheral contrast NOT useful in? - ANSWER: AI
Which view shows the coronary sinus in long axis? - ANSWER: Apical 4-chamber with posterior
angulation
What is the valve of the IVC? - ANSWER: Eustachian valve
What is meant by automaticity? - ANSWER: The ability to initiate an electric impulse or beat
What is Intrinsic? - ANSWER: pertaining exclusively to a part
What does amyl nitrite do to HR? - ANSWER: Increase heart rate
Where does a pacer wire goes to? - ANSWER: the right apex central venous lines stays in the RA
Where does Swan-Ganz catheters goes to? - ANSWER: usually DO NOT go to the RV apex
Why are the right and left coronaries called right and left? - ANSWER: the left artery supplies most of
the LV and the right artery most of th RV
Why are th RCC, LCC and NCC called what they are? - ANSWER: because of the coronaries
Whre does the left anterior descending coronary artery originate? - ANSWER: anterior
interventricular sulcus
A systolic rumble might be? - ANSWER: Tricuspid regurgitation
What is hematocrit? - ANSWER: % of blood comprised of red blood cells
If you are doing an echo on a supine patient who becomes short of breath what should you do first? -
ANSWER: sit the patient upright
Wjat do you do first for an apneic patient after giving sedation? - ANSWER: check their airway
Why do an IVC "sniff" test? - ANSWER: to check for elevated RA pressure
What type of shunt causes cyanosis in newborns? - ANSWER: R to L shunts
What is a "pressure drop"? - ANSWER: same as a gradient across valves
Which of thevalves is LEAST likely to be affected in rheumatic heart disease? - ANSWER: pulmonic
valve
In the CATH LAB the Gorlin Formula is used to calculate what? - ANSWER: valvular area
Mitral valve inflow velocity should not be affected by? - ANSWER: Gender
Which valve is most likely to regurgitate in normals? - ANSWER: Tricuspid valve
causes of acute mitral regurgitation: - ANSWER: -endocarditis
-ruptured chordae
