BIO 93 MIDTERM REVIEW EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Hydration shell - ANS A hydration shell refers to the sphere of water molecules surrounding
dissolved ions or polar molecules. It forms due to the attractive forces between the water
molecules and the solute particles
Hydrophobic - ANS Water fearing
Hydrophobic substances are nonpolar molecules that tend to repel and not dissolve in water.
Hydrophilic - ANS Hydrophilic substances, on the other hand, are polar or ionic compounds
that have an affinity for water. They readily dissolve or mix with water, often forming hydrogen
bonds with water molecules.
Buffer - ANS A buffer is a solution that resists changes in pH when an acid or base is added to
it.
Carbohydrates: - ANS Carbohydrates are organic compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen. They serve as a crucial source of energy for living organisms and play essential
structural roles in cells and tissues. Common examples include sugars, starches, and cellulose.
Lipids - ANS Lipids are a diverse group of organic compounds that are largely non-polar and
hydrophobic. They include fats, oils, waxes, and phospholipids.
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, Proteins - ANS Proteins are complex macromolecules composed of amino acids linked
together through peptide bonds.
DNA: - ANS DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that carries genetic information in
living cells. It consists of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix.
ATGC
Amino acids - ANS Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of
proteins.
Osmosis - ANS Osmosis is the spontaneous movement of a solvent, typically water, through a
semipermeable membrane from a lower solute concentration region to a higher solute
concentration region
Pick the properties of life from the options below (select all that apply). - ANS Order
Energy processing
Regulation
Which of the following statements is a true sequence about the emergent properties theme? -
ANS Organs → tissues → cells → organelles → molecules
The emergent properties theme represents the hierarchical arrangement of biological
organization in living organisms, from the most complex structures down to the fundamental
components. In this case, the sequence is The Biosphere → Ecosystems → Communities →
Populations → Organisms → Organs → Tissues → Cells → Organelles → Molecules.
All cells share common characteristics - ANS 1. Enclosed by a membrane
2. Use DNA as genetic information.
2
Cells have a protective boundary called a membrane, which controls what goes in and out. They
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also use DNA as a set of instructions for their growth and functioning.
@COPYRIGHT @THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Hydration shell - ANS A hydration shell refers to the sphere of water molecules surrounding
dissolved ions or polar molecules. It forms due to the attractive forces between the water
molecules and the solute particles
Hydrophobic - ANS Water fearing
Hydrophobic substances are nonpolar molecules that tend to repel and not dissolve in water.
Hydrophilic - ANS Hydrophilic substances, on the other hand, are polar or ionic compounds
that have an affinity for water. They readily dissolve or mix with water, often forming hydrogen
bonds with water molecules.
Buffer - ANS A buffer is a solution that resists changes in pH when an acid or base is added to
it.
Carbohydrates: - ANS Carbohydrates are organic compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen. They serve as a crucial source of energy for living organisms and play essential
structural roles in cells and tissues. Common examples include sugars, starches, and cellulose.
Lipids - ANS Lipids are a diverse group of organic compounds that are largely non-polar and
hydrophobic. They include fats, oils, waxes, and phospholipids.
1
Page
@COPYRIGHT @THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
, Proteins - ANS Proteins are complex macromolecules composed of amino acids linked
together through peptide bonds.
DNA: - ANS DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that carries genetic information in
living cells. It consists of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix.
ATGC
Amino acids - ANS Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of
proteins.
Osmosis - ANS Osmosis is the spontaneous movement of a solvent, typically water, through a
semipermeable membrane from a lower solute concentration region to a higher solute
concentration region
Pick the properties of life from the options below (select all that apply). - ANS Order
Energy processing
Regulation
Which of the following statements is a true sequence about the emergent properties theme? -
ANS Organs → tissues → cells → organelles → molecules
The emergent properties theme represents the hierarchical arrangement of biological
organization in living organisms, from the most complex structures down to the fundamental
components. In this case, the sequence is The Biosphere → Ecosystems → Communities →
Populations → Organisms → Organs → Tissues → Cells → Organelles → Molecules.
All cells share common characteristics - ANS 1. Enclosed by a membrane
2. Use DNA as genetic information.
2
Cells have a protective boundary called a membrane, which controls what goes in and out. They
Page
also use DNA as a set of instructions for their growth and functioning.
@COPYRIGHT @THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
