Lewis: Medical-Surgical Nursing (10th Edition) –
Chapter 32: Hypertension
1. What is the most common type of hypertension?
a) Primary hypertension
b) Secondary hypertension
c) Malignant hypertension
d) Isolated systolic hypertension
Answer: a) Primary hypertension
2. A patient with a blood pressure reading of 118/78 mm Hg would be classified as:
a) Normal
b) Elevated
c) Stage 1 Hypertension
d) Stage 2 Hypertension
Answer: a) Normal
3. Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for hypertension?
a) Age
b) Family history
c) Ethnicity
d) Obesity
Answer: d) Obesity
4. The nurse understands that the long-term regulation of blood pressure is primarily
controlled by:
a) The sympathetic nervous system
b) The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)
c) The release of epinephrine and norepinephrine
d) The parasympathetic nervous system
Answer: b) The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)
5. Which organ is the primary target of damage from uncontrolled hypertension?
a) Liver
b) Heart
c) Pancreas
,d) Spleen
Answer: b) Heart
6. A patient with "white-coat hypertension" is best described as:
a) Having hypertension only when measured in a clinical setting
b) Having a consistently elevated systolic pressure only
c) Having a hypertensive emergency
d) Having resistant hypertension to three or more medications
Answer: a) Having hypertension only when measured in a clinical setting
7. Which diagnostic test is most directly used to evaluate for end-organ damage to the
kidneys from hypertension?
a) Echocardiogram
b) Serum creatinine and BUN
c) Electrocardiogram (ECG)
d) Funduscopic examination
Answer: b) Serum creatinine and BUN
8. The nurse is preparing to measure a patient's blood pressure. To ensure an accurate
reading, the nurse should:
a) Use a cuff with a bladder that covers 50% of the arm circumference
b) Have the patient sit with legs crossed
c) Support the arm at the level of the heart
d) Deflate the cuff rapidly, about 10 mm Hg per second
Answer: c) Support the arm at the level of the heart
9. What is the first-line pharmacologic treatment for hypertension in most African American
patients, according to JNC 8 guidelines?
a) ACE inhibitors
b) Thiazide diuretics or calcium channel blockers
c) Beta-blockers
d) Alpha-blockers
Answer: b) Thiazide diuretics or calcium channel blockers
10. A patient is started on Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor. The nurse should prioritize teaching the
patient about:
a) Increasing potassium-rich foods in their diet
b) The need to avoid sudden position changes
c) The possibility of a persistent dry cough
, d) Monitoring for weight gain of 2+ lbs per day
Answer: c) The possibility of a persistent dry cough
11. Which class of antihypertensive medication is often contraindicated in patients with
asthma?
a) Calcium channel blockers
b) Beta-blockers
c) ACE inhibitors
d) Thiazide diuretics
Answer: b) Beta-blockers
12. A patient taking Hydrochlorothiazide should be encouraged to consume foods rich in:
a) Sodium
b) Potassium
c) Calcium
d) Magnesium
Answer: b) Potassium
13. Orthostatic hypotension is a common side effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs?
a) Diuretics
b) Alpha-blockers
c) ACE inhibitors
d) ARBs (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers)
Answer: b) Alpha-blockers
14. The goal blood pressure for a patient with both hypertension and diabetes is less than:
a) 140/90 mm Hg
b) 130/80 mm Hg
c) 120/80 mm Hg
d) 150/90 mm Hg
Answer: b) 130/80 mm Hg
15. Malignant hypertension is characterized by:
a) A gradual onset over years
b) Systolic BP >140 and Diastolic BP <90
c) Diastolic pressure often exceeding 120 mm Hg with evidence of acute organ damage
d) Being easily controlled with a single medication
Answer: c) Diastolic pressure often exceeding 120 mm Hg with evidence of acute organ
damage
Chapter 32: Hypertension
1. What is the most common type of hypertension?
a) Primary hypertension
b) Secondary hypertension
c) Malignant hypertension
d) Isolated systolic hypertension
Answer: a) Primary hypertension
2. A patient with a blood pressure reading of 118/78 mm Hg would be classified as:
a) Normal
b) Elevated
c) Stage 1 Hypertension
d) Stage 2 Hypertension
Answer: a) Normal
3. Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for hypertension?
a) Age
b) Family history
c) Ethnicity
d) Obesity
Answer: d) Obesity
4. The nurse understands that the long-term regulation of blood pressure is primarily
controlled by:
a) The sympathetic nervous system
b) The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)
c) The release of epinephrine and norepinephrine
d) The parasympathetic nervous system
Answer: b) The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)
5. Which organ is the primary target of damage from uncontrolled hypertension?
a) Liver
b) Heart
c) Pancreas
,d) Spleen
Answer: b) Heart
6. A patient with "white-coat hypertension" is best described as:
a) Having hypertension only when measured in a clinical setting
b) Having a consistently elevated systolic pressure only
c) Having a hypertensive emergency
d) Having resistant hypertension to three or more medications
Answer: a) Having hypertension only when measured in a clinical setting
7. Which diagnostic test is most directly used to evaluate for end-organ damage to the
kidneys from hypertension?
a) Echocardiogram
b) Serum creatinine and BUN
c) Electrocardiogram (ECG)
d) Funduscopic examination
Answer: b) Serum creatinine and BUN
8. The nurse is preparing to measure a patient's blood pressure. To ensure an accurate
reading, the nurse should:
a) Use a cuff with a bladder that covers 50% of the arm circumference
b) Have the patient sit with legs crossed
c) Support the arm at the level of the heart
d) Deflate the cuff rapidly, about 10 mm Hg per second
Answer: c) Support the arm at the level of the heart
9. What is the first-line pharmacologic treatment for hypertension in most African American
patients, according to JNC 8 guidelines?
a) ACE inhibitors
b) Thiazide diuretics or calcium channel blockers
c) Beta-blockers
d) Alpha-blockers
Answer: b) Thiazide diuretics or calcium channel blockers
10. A patient is started on Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor. The nurse should prioritize teaching the
patient about:
a) Increasing potassium-rich foods in their diet
b) The need to avoid sudden position changes
c) The possibility of a persistent dry cough
, d) Monitoring for weight gain of 2+ lbs per day
Answer: c) The possibility of a persistent dry cough
11. Which class of antihypertensive medication is often contraindicated in patients with
asthma?
a) Calcium channel blockers
b) Beta-blockers
c) ACE inhibitors
d) Thiazide diuretics
Answer: b) Beta-blockers
12. A patient taking Hydrochlorothiazide should be encouraged to consume foods rich in:
a) Sodium
b) Potassium
c) Calcium
d) Magnesium
Answer: b) Potassium
13. Orthostatic hypotension is a common side effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs?
a) Diuretics
b) Alpha-blockers
c) ACE inhibitors
d) ARBs (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers)
Answer: b) Alpha-blockers
14. The goal blood pressure for a patient with both hypertension and diabetes is less than:
a) 140/90 mm Hg
b) 130/80 mm Hg
c) 120/80 mm Hg
d) 150/90 mm Hg
Answer: b) 130/80 mm Hg
15. Malignant hypertension is characterized by:
a) A gradual onset over years
b) Systolic BP >140 and Diastolic BP <90
c) Diastolic pressure often exceeding 120 mm Hg with evidence of acute organ damage
d) Being easily controlled with a single medication
Answer: c) Diastolic pressure often exceeding 120 mm Hg with evidence of acute organ
damage
