MS Quiz 2: Fluid, Electrolyte, and
Acid-Base Balance Verified Multiple
Choice Questions and Solutions for
2025 Exam Preparation September 9, 2025
Prepared for Nursing and Medical Students
,Contents
1 Introduction 2
2 Questions and Solutions 2
3 Conclusion 30
1
,1 Introduction
This document provides a comprehensive set of verified multiple-choice questions and
solutions focused on fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance, tailored for 2025 exam
preparation. The questions are designed to emphasize key concepts with clear, straightforward
language, avoiding unnecessary jargon. Each question includes multiple-choice options,
the correct answer, and a brief explanation where relevant. This edition contains 105
questions, refactored for clarity and relevance, drawing from reliable study sources to
ensure accuracy and usefulness. The content is formatted for easy reading and study,
with space for note-taking.
2 Questions and Solutions
1. A nurse cares for an older patient with type II diabetes in a long-term care facility.
The patient’s fluid intake and output is about 1200 mL daily. What teaching would
the nurse provide? Select all that apply.
a. Drink at least six to eight glasses of water each day.
b. Limit fluid intake to one quart of water daily.
c. Limit sugar, salt, and alcohol in your diet.
d. Report side effects of medications, especially diarrhea.
e. Increase foods with caffeine for diuretic effect.
f. Weigh yourself daily and report weight changes.
Correct Answer: a, c, d, f
Solution: Normal intake and output is about 2600 mL daily. This patient has low
fluid levels, so increase water, watch weight, avoid excess salt/sugar/caffeine/alcohol,
and monitor medication effects like diarrhea.
2. A nurse assesses a patient with fluid volume excess. On the legs, there is pitting
edema; 6 mm pit that lasts several seconds with obvious swelling. What grade of
edema?
2
, a. 1+ pitting edema
b. 2+ pitting edema
c. 3+ pitting edema
d. 4+ pitting edema
Correct Answer: c
Solution: 3+ is a deep 6 mm pit lasting seconds with clear swelling. 1+ is slight
2 mm, 2+ is 4 mm, 4+ is 8 mm lasting long.
3. A nurse prepares IV solution for a patient with high sodium levels. Which solutions
are best? Select all that apply.
a. 5% dextrose in 0.9% NaCl
b. 0.9% NaCl
c. Lactated Ringer’s
d. 0.33% NaCl
e. 0.45% NaCl
f. 5% dextrose in Lactated Ringer’s
Correct Answer: d, e
Solution: Low strength saline like 0.33% and 0.45% NaCl treat high sodium.
4. A nurse assesses infants in NICU for fluid balance. What is the most reliable
indicator?
a. Recording intake and output
b. Testing skin turgor
c. Reviewing complete blood count
d. Measuring weight daily
Correct Answer: d
Solution: Daily weight best shows fluid balance. Intake/output can be inaccurate,
skin turgor subjective, blood count not direct for fluid.
3
Acid-Base Balance Verified Multiple
Choice Questions and Solutions for
2025 Exam Preparation September 9, 2025
Prepared for Nursing and Medical Students
,Contents
1 Introduction 2
2 Questions and Solutions 2
3 Conclusion 30
1
,1 Introduction
This document provides a comprehensive set of verified multiple-choice questions and
solutions focused on fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance, tailored for 2025 exam
preparation. The questions are designed to emphasize key concepts with clear, straightforward
language, avoiding unnecessary jargon. Each question includes multiple-choice options,
the correct answer, and a brief explanation where relevant. This edition contains 105
questions, refactored for clarity and relevance, drawing from reliable study sources to
ensure accuracy and usefulness. The content is formatted for easy reading and study,
with space for note-taking.
2 Questions and Solutions
1. A nurse cares for an older patient with type II diabetes in a long-term care facility.
The patient’s fluid intake and output is about 1200 mL daily. What teaching would
the nurse provide? Select all that apply.
a. Drink at least six to eight glasses of water each day.
b. Limit fluid intake to one quart of water daily.
c. Limit sugar, salt, and alcohol in your diet.
d. Report side effects of medications, especially diarrhea.
e. Increase foods with caffeine for diuretic effect.
f. Weigh yourself daily and report weight changes.
Correct Answer: a, c, d, f
Solution: Normal intake and output is about 2600 mL daily. This patient has low
fluid levels, so increase water, watch weight, avoid excess salt/sugar/caffeine/alcohol,
and monitor medication effects like diarrhea.
2. A nurse assesses a patient with fluid volume excess. On the legs, there is pitting
edema; 6 mm pit that lasts several seconds with obvious swelling. What grade of
edema?
2
, a. 1+ pitting edema
b. 2+ pitting edema
c. 3+ pitting edema
d. 4+ pitting edema
Correct Answer: c
Solution: 3+ is a deep 6 mm pit lasting seconds with clear swelling. 1+ is slight
2 mm, 2+ is 4 mm, 4+ is 8 mm lasting long.
3. A nurse prepares IV solution for a patient with high sodium levels. Which solutions
are best? Select all that apply.
a. 5% dextrose in 0.9% NaCl
b. 0.9% NaCl
c. Lactated Ringer’s
d. 0.33% NaCl
e. 0.45% NaCl
f. 5% dextrose in Lactated Ringer’s
Correct Answer: d, e
Solution: Low strength saline like 0.33% and 0.45% NaCl treat high sodium.
4. A nurse assesses infants in NICU for fluid balance. What is the most reliable
indicator?
a. Recording intake and output
b. Testing skin turgor
c. Reviewing complete blood count
d. Measuring weight daily
Correct Answer: d
Solution: Daily weight best shows fluid balance. Intake/output can be inaccurate,
skin turgor subjective, blood count not direct for fluid.
3
