NYSTCE Multi-Subject CST ELA Exam
2026 Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Guaranteed
Prereading - Correct answer-All knowledge, skills and experience that come before
conventional literacy. Students gain oral vocabulary, learn sentence structure,
develop phonological awareness
Running record - Correct answer-An assessment which measures a child' fluency
during oral reading
Balanced Literacy Models - Correct answer-strategies teachers use to allow for
different learning styles
Phonological awareness - Correct answer-an awareness of an the ability to
manipulate the sounds of spoken words; it is a broad term that includes identifying
and making rhymes, recognizing alliteration, identifying and working with
syllables in spoken words, identifying and working with onsets and rhymes in
spoken syllables.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVE 1
,Phoneme - Correct answer-in a spoken language, the smallest distinctive sound
unit
Phonemic Awareness - Correct answer-The ability to hear, identify,and manipulate
the individual sounds, phonemes, in oral language.
5 Major Types of Tasks to develop Phonemic Awareness - Correct answer-1.
Recognize sets of works have similar sounds (identifying rhyming words in a
sentence) 2. Learn to examine a set of words to determine which is not like the
others, oddity task) 3. Learn how to blend sounds to create words 4. Divide words
into their phonemes (segmenting words) and count the number of sounds in a word
5. Learn how to manipulate the sounds in a word by substituting or deleting one or
many phonemes
Print Concept - Correct answer-Understanding how text works to communicate a
message. Includes handing of books and orientation of text.
Ways to facilitate print concepts - Correct answer-Combining movement activities
to convey bottom, top side. Teach the parts of a book. Experiences with different
fonts and text sizes and the different meanings they have. Spacing. Writing
exercises. Use of meta-language to descibe books.
Track Print - Correct answer-student understands the direction of the text
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVE 2
,Alphabet Recognition - Correct answer-being able to identify the letters of the
alphabet both capital and lowercase when asked to do so
Alphabetic principle - Correct answer-the relationship between letters or
combinations of letters (graphemes) and sounds (phonemes)
Letter-sound correspondence - Correct answer-refers to the identification of sounds
associated with individual letters and letter combination.
Short Vowel sounds - Correct answer-every vowel has two sounds, the vocal cords
are more relaxed when producing the short vowel sound because of this the sounds
are often referred to as lax. They can be heard at the beginning of these words:
apple, Ed, igloo, octopus, and umbrella.
Digraph - Correct answer-n. A union of two characters representing a single sound.
Diphthong - Correct answer-n. The sound produced by combining two vowels in to
a single syllable or running together the sounds.
CVC - Correct answer-consonant-vowel-consonant pattern which produces a short
vowel sound or a closed syllable.
Consonant Clusters - Correct answer-- also called blends
- Consonants that occur side by side within the same
syllable.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVE 3
, -No intervening vowel sound
Phonics - Correct answer-teaching reading by training beginners to associate letters
with their sound values
Phonograms - Correct answer-Often called word families, these end in high
frequency rimes that vary only in the beginning consonant sound to make a word.
For example, back, sack, black and track.
Onset - Correct answer-the part of a syllable (or the one-syllable word) that comes
before the vowel (e.g., str in string)
Rime - Correct answer-The vowel and the ending consonants after the onset
Semantic Cues - Correct answer-Use of knowledge about the subject of the text
and words associated with that subject to identify an unknown word within a text:
meaning cues from each sentence and the evolving whole.
Children use their prior knowledge, sense of the story, and pictures to support their
predicting and confirming the meaning of the text.
Syntactic Cues - Correct answer-hints that rely on language structure or rules
(sometimes called grammatical cues) Grammatical information in a text that
readers process to construct meaning.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVE 4
2026 Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Guaranteed
Prereading - Correct answer-All knowledge, skills and experience that come before
conventional literacy. Students gain oral vocabulary, learn sentence structure,
develop phonological awareness
Running record - Correct answer-An assessment which measures a child' fluency
during oral reading
Balanced Literacy Models - Correct answer-strategies teachers use to allow for
different learning styles
Phonological awareness - Correct answer-an awareness of an the ability to
manipulate the sounds of spoken words; it is a broad term that includes identifying
and making rhymes, recognizing alliteration, identifying and working with
syllables in spoken words, identifying and working with onsets and rhymes in
spoken syllables.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVE 1
,Phoneme - Correct answer-in a spoken language, the smallest distinctive sound
unit
Phonemic Awareness - Correct answer-The ability to hear, identify,and manipulate
the individual sounds, phonemes, in oral language.
5 Major Types of Tasks to develop Phonemic Awareness - Correct answer-1.
Recognize sets of works have similar sounds (identifying rhyming words in a
sentence) 2. Learn to examine a set of words to determine which is not like the
others, oddity task) 3. Learn how to blend sounds to create words 4. Divide words
into their phonemes (segmenting words) and count the number of sounds in a word
5. Learn how to manipulate the sounds in a word by substituting or deleting one or
many phonemes
Print Concept - Correct answer-Understanding how text works to communicate a
message. Includes handing of books and orientation of text.
Ways to facilitate print concepts - Correct answer-Combining movement activities
to convey bottom, top side. Teach the parts of a book. Experiences with different
fonts and text sizes and the different meanings they have. Spacing. Writing
exercises. Use of meta-language to descibe books.
Track Print - Correct answer-student understands the direction of the text
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVE 2
,Alphabet Recognition - Correct answer-being able to identify the letters of the
alphabet both capital and lowercase when asked to do so
Alphabetic principle - Correct answer-the relationship between letters or
combinations of letters (graphemes) and sounds (phonemes)
Letter-sound correspondence - Correct answer-refers to the identification of sounds
associated with individual letters and letter combination.
Short Vowel sounds - Correct answer-every vowel has two sounds, the vocal cords
are more relaxed when producing the short vowel sound because of this the sounds
are often referred to as lax. They can be heard at the beginning of these words:
apple, Ed, igloo, octopus, and umbrella.
Digraph - Correct answer-n. A union of two characters representing a single sound.
Diphthong - Correct answer-n. The sound produced by combining two vowels in to
a single syllable or running together the sounds.
CVC - Correct answer-consonant-vowel-consonant pattern which produces a short
vowel sound or a closed syllable.
Consonant Clusters - Correct answer-- also called blends
- Consonants that occur side by side within the same
syllable.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVE 3
, -No intervening vowel sound
Phonics - Correct answer-teaching reading by training beginners to associate letters
with their sound values
Phonograms - Correct answer-Often called word families, these end in high
frequency rimes that vary only in the beginning consonant sound to make a word.
For example, back, sack, black and track.
Onset - Correct answer-the part of a syllable (or the one-syllable word) that comes
before the vowel (e.g., str in string)
Rime - Correct answer-The vowel and the ending consonants after the onset
Semantic Cues - Correct answer-Use of knowledge about the subject of the text
and words associated with that subject to identify an unknown word within a text:
meaning cues from each sentence and the evolving whole.
Children use their prior knowledge, sense of the story, and pictures to support their
predicting and confirming the meaning of the text.
Syntactic Cues - Correct answer-hints that rely on language structure or rules
(sometimes called grammatical cues) Grammatical information in a text that
readers process to construct meaning.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVE 4
