Psychology Of Women: Exam 1, Ch. 1-4
Questions And Correct Answers
sex - ANSWER a relatively narrow term that typically refers only to those inborn
biological characteristics relating to reproduction, such as sex chromosomes or sex
organs
gender - ANSWER a broader term; refers to the psychological characteristics and social
categories that human culture creates
doing gender - ANSWER you express your gender when you interact with other people;
you also perceive gender in these other people, such as an infant posed with a football;
emphasizes that gender is an active, dynamic process rather than something that is
stable and rigid
sexism - ANSWER bias against people on the basis of their gender
racism - ANSWER bias against people on the basis of racial or ethnic groups
classism - ANSWER bias that is based on social class
ableism - ANSWER bias against people with disabilities
heterosexism - ANSWER (sexual prejudice) refers to a bias against anyone who is not
exclusively heterosexual
sexual prejudice - ANSWER (heterosexism) refers to a bias against anyone who is not
exclusively heterosexual
ageism - ANSWER bias based on chronological age
feminism - ANSWER the principle that values women's experiences and ideas; feminism
also emphasizes that women and men should be socially, economically, and legally
equal
liberal feminism - ANSWER emphasizes the goal of gender equality, giving women and
men the same rights and opportunities. (use the law to achieve this)
cultural feminism - ANSWER emphasizes the positive qualities that are presumed to be
stronger in women than in men-- qualities such as nurturing and care-taking. Focuses
on gender differences that value women, rather than on the gender similarities of liberal
feminism. (society should be restructured to emphasize cooperation rather than
aggression.)
radical feminism - ANSWER the basic cause of women's oppression lies deep in the
entire sex and gender system, rather than in some superficial laws and policies.
, Emphasizes that sexism permeates our society, from the personal level in male-female
relationships to the national and international levels. (society needs to dramatically
change its policies on sexuality and on violence against women.)
women-of-color feminism - ANSWER points out that the other three types of feminism
overemphasize gender. Emphasizes that feminism must pay attention to other human
dimensions such as ethnicity and social class. We cannot achieve a genuinely feminist
approach by making a few minor adjustments to liberal feminism, cultural feminism, or
radical feminism.
similarities perspective - ANSWER men and women are generally similar in their
intellectual and social skills-- social forces may create some temporary differences
social constructionism - ANSWER individuals and cultures construct or invent their own
versions of reality, based on prior experiences, social interactions, and beliefs.
differences perspective - ANSWER argues that men and women are generally different
in their intellectual and social abilities-- emphasize women's positive characteristics
that have been undervalued, primarily because they are associated with women
essentialism - ANSWER argues that gender is a basic, unchangeable characteristic that
resides within an individual-- emphasizes that women are more concerned that men with
care-giving because of their own inborn nature, not because society currently assigns
women the task of taking care of children
White-privilege concept - ANSWER white people have certain privileges, based on their
skin color, and white people often take these privileges for granted
White-as-normative concept - ANSWER points out that being white is the normal
standard in our culture
intersectionality - ANSWER emphasizes that each person belongs to multiple social
groups, based on categories such as ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and social
class
U.S.-centered nationalism - ANSWER the United States is dominant over all other
countries in the world, which are believed to have lower status
Questions And Correct Answers
sex - ANSWER a relatively narrow term that typically refers only to those inborn
biological characteristics relating to reproduction, such as sex chromosomes or sex
organs
gender - ANSWER a broader term; refers to the psychological characteristics and social
categories that human culture creates
doing gender - ANSWER you express your gender when you interact with other people;
you also perceive gender in these other people, such as an infant posed with a football;
emphasizes that gender is an active, dynamic process rather than something that is
stable and rigid
sexism - ANSWER bias against people on the basis of their gender
racism - ANSWER bias against people on the basis of racial or ethnic groups
classism - ANSWER bias that is based on social class
ableism - ANSWER bias against people with disabilities
heterosexism - ANSWER (sexual prejudice) refers to a bias against anyone who is not
exclusively heterosexual
sexual prejudice - ANSWER (heterosexism) refers to a bias against anyone who is not
exclusively heterosexual
ageism - ANSWER bias based on chronological age
feminism - ANSWER the principle that values women's experiences and ideas; feminism
also emphasizes that women and men should be socially, economically, and legally
equal
liberal feminism - ANSWER emphasizes the goal of gender equality, giving women and
men the same rights and opportunities. (use the law to achieve this)
cultural feminism - ANSWER emphasizes the positive qualities that are presumed to be
stronger in women than in men-- qualities such as nurturing and care-taking. Focuses
on gender differences that value women, rather than on the gender similarities of liberal
feminism. (society should be restructured to emphasize cooperation rather than
aggression.)
radical feminism - ANSWER the basic cause of women's oppression lies deep in the
entire sex and gender system, rather than in some superficial laws and policies.
, Emphasizes that sexism permeates our society, from the personal level in male-female
relationships to the national and international levels. (society needs to dramatically
change its policies on sexuality and on violence against women.)
women-of-color feminism - ANSWER points out that the other three types of feminism
overemphasize gender. Emphasizes that feminism must pay attention to other human
dimensions such as ethnicity and social class. We cannot achieve a genuinely feminist
approach by making a few minor adjustments to liberal feminism, cultural feminism, or
radical feminism.
similarities perspective - ANSWER men and women are generally similar in their
intellectual and social skills-- social forces may create some temporary differences
social constructionism - ANSWER individuals and cultures construct or invent their own
versions of reality, based on prior experiences, social interactions, and beliefs.
differences perspective - ANSWER argues that men and women are generally different
in their intellectual and social abilities-- emphasize women's positive characteristics
that have been undervalued, primarily because they are associated with women
essentialism - ANSWER argues that gender is a basic, unchangeable characteristic that
resides within an individual-- emphasizes that women are more concerned that men with
care-giving because of their own inborn nature, not because society currently assigns
women the task of taking care of children
White-privilege concept - ANSWER white people have certain privileges, based on their
skin color, and white people often take these privileges for granted
White-as-normative concept - ANSWER points out that being white is the normal
standard in our culture
intersectionality - ANSWER emphasizes that each person belongs to multiple social
groups, based on categories such as ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and social
class
U.S.-centered nationalism - ANSWER the United States is dominant over all other
countries in the world, which are believed to have lower status
