Questions and Answers | A+ Score
Assured
how to calculate average air flow - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔divide volume by time
ex. if 1 liter of air is used and phonation lasts for 5 seconds, average flow is
1/5 liter per second
(keep in mind that flow at a given instant may be different)
u-tube manometer - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔measures static pressure (as opposed
to dynamic)
very low tech
not very good for speech production (because pressures change rapidly
and subtly)
,handy for calibration
measures in cmH2O (how many cm of water is displaced by the pressure)
rib cage and abdomen movements - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔inhale: rib cage and
abdomen expand
exhale: rib cage and abdomen contract
measured by variable inductance plethysmograph
rib cage and abdomen movements during singing - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔movement increases rapidly during inhalation and drops more gradually
during exhalation
- minimum resistance when inhaling
- when exhaling, phonation slows down the speed with which air leaves
the lungs
rib cage and abdomen movements during speech - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔exhalation is slower than inhalation (laryngeal resistance slows down
the flow of air as it leaves your lungs)
subglottal pressure - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Ps or Psub
pressure below the larynx
, driving pressure for phonation, speech
difficult to measure directly
normal speech values of subglottal pressure - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔5-7 cmH2O
very loud: 15-20 cmH2O
lower for pulse register
higher for falsetto
estimating subglottal pressure - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔measure intraoral pressure
at a particular time (during /p/ closure)
- vocal folds are abducted
- trachea and mouth are linked
- pressure is equal throughout the system
phonation threshold pressure - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔pressure needed from the
lungs for folds to start vibrating
- between 3-5 cm needed to start, less to maintain
influences on PTP (phonation threshold pressure) - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔increases with:
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