NRSG 2350 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
A (pc) Correct Answer adequate studies/ no risk to fetus
Absorption (pharmacokinetics) Correct Answer time of entry
into body to time of entry into circulation/tissue
factors that influence:
route of administration
gi function
presence of food or other drugs in gi tract
acute Correct Answer severe and sudden onset of conditions
adaptive active immunity Correct Answer we are exposed to
antigen either through vaccinations or environmental exposure
(infection) and we develop an immune response with b and t
cells
takes longer to develop (days to weeks_ but longer duration of
effect
long-lasting immunity produced by the immune system in
response to antigens
ex. Hepatitis A virus infection and subsequent recovery gives
rise to an acquired active immune response usually leading to a
lifelong protection
chickenpox / mmr vaccine
,vaccination benefit - active immunity without disease or disease
complications
either get infection or get immunization
adaptive immune defense Correct Answer aka acquired/
specific immunity
second line of defense... more effective
takes longer... days or weeks dependent on exposure (first,
delayed subsequent - immediate due to antibodies)
microbe recognition - specific to individual microbes and
antigens
response to repeated infection - quicker response bc it has been
preexposed and has memory of it... plasma cells are able to
make that antibody again (immunlogic memory)
defense - cell killing - tagging antigen to antibody
cellular components
- b cells and t cells working together to make antigen and
antibody complexes
- b and t lymphocytes, macrophages, killer cells
molecular components: antibodies, cytokines, complement
system
,adaptive passive immunity Correct Answer received
antibodies from mother to fetus or through an infusion
- immunoglobin G
- more immediate but shorter lasting effects (last weeks to 3 or 4
months)
host is given antibodies to an antigen to protect against infection
rather than host synthesizing them
ex injection of gamma globulin
transfer from mother to fetus via placenta or breast milk
adaptive response Correct Answer ADAPTIVE RESPONSE
T cells and b cells mingle with antigens as they circulate
throughout the body's fluids and peripheral lymphoid tissue (ex.
Tonsils, lymph nodes, spleen). The two main reasons they
mingle is to destroy the antigen and produce antibodies against
the antigen
T cells get their name from where they mature, the thymus. T
cells are produced in the bone marrow, after which they enter
the bloodstream and travel to the thymus for maturation
Two major types of T cells:
1. Regulator cells : helper T cells (activate B cell to produce
antibodies) and suppressor T cells (turn antibody production off)
2. Cytotoxic T cells : respond to virus infection, cancer cells are
transplanted tissue cells
AE: alopecia Correct Answer fast dividing cells are targeted
, lost of hair
AE: bone marrow suppression Correct Answer can't fight off
infection bc WBC production is stifled, RBC can become
anemic
AE: GI Correct Answer nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
common symptoms of cancer treatments
fast dividing cells are targeted so this affects inside lining of GI
tract
AE: hormonal changes Correct Answer infertility
Alarm stage (GAS) Correct Answer this stage includes the
generalized stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system.
The adrenal medulla releases catecholamines (80% epinephrine
& 20% norepinephrine) and cortisol, fight or flight response
Assessment (nursing process) Correct Answer data gathering:
history, physical assessment, holistic
atrophy Correct Answer decreased in cellular size
smaller
A (pc) Correct Answer adequate studies/ no risk to fetus
Absorption (pharmacokinetics) Correct Answer time of entry
into body to time of entry into circulation/tissue
factors that influence:
route of administration
gi function
presence of food or other drugs in gi tract
acute Correct Answer severe and sudden onset of conditions
adaptive active immunity Correct Answer we are exposed to
antigen either through vaccinations or environmental exposure
(infection) and we develop an immune response with b and t
cells
takes longer to develop (days to weeks_ but longer duration of
effect
long-lasting immunity produced by the immune system in
response to antigens
ex. Hepatitis A virus infection and subsequent recovery gives
rise to an acquired active immune response usually leading to a
lifelong protection
chickenpox / mmr vaccine
,vaccination benefit - active immunity without disease or disease
complications
either get infection or get immunization
adaptive immune defense Correct Answer aka acquired/
specific immunity
second line of defense... more effective
takes longer... days or weeks dependent on exposure (first,
delayed subsequent - immediate due to antibodies)
microbe recognition - specific to individual microbes and
antigens
response to repeated infection - quicker response bc it has been
preexposed and has memory of it... plasma cells are able to
make that antibody again (immunlogic memory)
defense - cell killing - tagging antigen to antibody
cellular components
- b cells and t cells working together to make antigen and
antibody complexes
- b and t lymphocytes, macrophages, killer cells
molecular components: antibodies, cytokines, complement
system
,adaptive passive immunity Correct Answer received
antibodies from mother to fetus or through an infusion
- immunoglobin G
- more immediate but shorter lasting effects (last weeks to 3 or 4
months)
host is given antibodies to an antigen to protect against infection
rather than host synthesizing them
ex injection of gamma globulin
transfer from mother to fetus via placenta or breast milk
adaptive response Correct Answer ADAPTIVE RESPONSE
T cells and b cells mingle with antigens as they circulate
throughout the body's fluids and peripheral lymphoid tissue (ex.
Tonsils, lymph nodes, spleen). The two main reasons they
mingle is to destroy the antigen and produce antibodies against
the antigen
T cells get their name from where they mature, the thymus. T
cells are produced in the bone marrow, after which they enter
the bloodstream and travel to the thymus for maturation
Two major types of T cells:
1. Regulator cells : helper T cells (activate B cell to produce
antibodies) and suppressor T cells (turn antibody production off)
2. Cytotoxic T cells : respond to virus infection, cancer cells are
transplanted tissue cells
AE: alopecia Correct Answer fast dividing cells are targeted
, lost of hair
AE: bone marrow suppression Correct Answer can't fight off
infection bc WBC production is stifled, RBC can become
anemic
AE: GI Correct Answer nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
common symptoms of cancer treatments
fast dividing cells are targeted so this affects inside lining of GI
tract
AE: hormonal changes Correct Answer infertility
Alarm stage (GAS) Correct Answer this stage includes the
generalized stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system.
The adrenal medulla releases catecholamines (80% epinephrine
& 20% norepinephrine) and cortisol, fight or flight response
Assessment (nursing process) Correct Answer data gathering:
history, physical assessment, holistic
atrophy Correct Answer decreased in cellular size
smaller
