COUC 504 Study Guide-Questions & Detailed
Verified and 100% Accurate Solutions
Social Justice Counseling
refers to counseling that recognizes the impact of oppression, privilege, and discrimination on
the mental health of individuals
social injustice
refers to the unequal distribution of rewards and burdens.
oppression
is pervasive and exists across multiple groups (e.g., people of color, people of lower
socioeconomic status or social class, gay men, people with disabilities) and at varying levels
(e.g., individual, institutional, cultural). Oppression can be said to have two modalities (i.e.,
oppression by force and oppression by deprivation) and be of three types (i.e., primary,
secondary, and tertiary)
*result of oppression is imbalance of power
oppression by force
involves the act of imposing, on an individual or a group, an object, a label, a role, an experience,
or a living condition that is unwanted and that causes physical or psychological pain. Examples
directed at individuals or marginalized groups include sexual assault, negative media images of
minority groups, kidnapping (of either an individual or members of a marginalized group), and
physical violence toward an individual or a group of individuals.
,oppression by deprivation
includes the act of depriving an individual or a group of an object, a label, a role, an experience,
or a living condition that hinders physical and psychological well-being. Examples include
neglecting individuals and withholding job promotions from them because of their minority
status, denying certain groups a rich educational experience on the basis of their skin color or
socioeconomic sta-tus, making it difficult to find affordable transportation from home to a place
of employment, and making it practically impossible to find safe, affordable housing
primary oppression
consists of overt acts representing either of the two modalities of oppression (i.e., oppression by
force, oppression by deprivation)
secondary oppression
involves individuals benefiting from overt oppressive acts against others. Although individu-als
involved in secondary oppression do not actively engage in oppressive acts, they do not object to
others who do engage in overt oppressive acts and do benefit from the oppression
tertiary oppression (internalized oppression)
refers to the identification of the dominant message by members of the minority group, often to
seek acceptance by the dominant group. Like secondary oppression, tertiary oppression can be
passive in nature
structure violence (institutional oppression)
results when social, political, economic, and other institutional entities and processes
intentionally or unintentionally erect barriers to development, wellness, dignity, and human
, potential. Structural violence can be overt, although it is often covert, making it harder to detect.
ex. providing insufficient funding to inner-city and rural schools, limiting access to healthy and
affordable food, accepting high unemployment rates for certain minority groups, limiting access
to quality health care and preventative care, and making it difficult to find affordable
transportation.
privilege
made up of several components, such as having power, access, or unearned advantage, and
holding a majority status
*oppression and privilege are inversely related
empowerment
the process by which people, organizations, or groups who are powerless and mar-ginalized (a)
become aware of the power dynamics at work in their life context, (b) develop the skills and
capacity for gaining reasonable control over their lives, (c) which they exercise, (d) without
infringing on the rights of others, and (e) which coin-cides with actively supporting the
empowerment of others in their community.
*goal of social justice counseling involves empowering disenfranchised groups
resilience
the set of behaviors and attitudes that clients identify as beneficial in coping with stressful
situations and adversity
Milestones
Verified and 100% Accurate Solutions
Social Justice Counseling
refers to counseling that recognizes the impact of oppression, privilege, and discrimination on
the mental health of individuals
social injustice
refers to the unequal distribution of rewards and burdens.
oppression
is pervasive and exists across multiple groups (e.g., people of color, people of lower
socioeconomic status or social class, gay men, people with disabilities) and at varying levels
(e.g., individual, institutional, cultural). Oppression can be said to have two modalities (i.e.,
oppression by force and oppression by deprivation) and be of three types (i.e., primary,
secondary, and tertiary)
*result of oppression is imbalance of power
oppression by force
involves the act of imposing, on an individual or a group, an object, a label, a role, an experience,
or a living condition that is unwanted and that causes physical or psychological pain. Examples
directed at individuals or marginalized groups include sexual assault, negative media images of
minority groups, kidnapping (of either an individual or members of a marginalized group), and
physical violence toward an individual or a group of individuals.
,oppression by deprivation
includes the act of depriving an individual or a group of an object, a label, a role, an experience,
or a living condition that hinders physical and psychological well-being. Examples include
neglecting individuals and withholding job promotions from them because of their minority
status, denying certain groups a rich educational experience on the basis of their skin color or
socioeconomic sta-tus, making it difficult to find affordable transportation from home to a place
of employment, and making it practically impossible to find safe, affordable housing
primary oppression
consists of overt acts representing either of the two modalities of oppression (i.e., oppression by
force, oppression by deprivation)
secondary oppression
involves individuals benefiting from overt oppressive acts against others. Although individu-als
involved in secondary oppression do not actively engage in oppressive acts, they do not object to
others who do engage in overt oppressive acts and do benefit from the oppression
tertiary oppression (internalized oppression)
refers to the identification of the dominant message by members of the minority group, often to
seek acceptance by the dominant group. Like secondary oppression, tertiary oppression can be
passive in nature
structure violence (institutional oppression)
results when social, political, economic, and other institutional entities and processes
intentionally or unintentionally erect barriers to development, wellness, dignity, and human
, potential. Structural violence can be overt, although it is often covert, making it harder to detect.
ex. providing insufficient funding to inner-city and rural schools, limiting access to healthy and
affordable food, accepting high unemployment rates for certain minority groups, limiting access
to quality health care and preventative care, and making it difficult to find affordable
transportation.
privilege
made up of several components, such as having power, access, or unearned advantage, and
holding a majority status
*oppression and privilege are inversely related
empowerment
the process by which people, organizations, or groups who are powerless and mar-ginalized (a)
become aware of the power dynamics at work in their life context, (b) develop the skills and
capacity for gaining reasonable control over their lives, (c) which they exercise, (d) without
infringing on the rights of others, and (e) which coin-cides with actively supporting the
empowerment of others in their community.
*goal of social justice counseling involves empowering disenfranchised groups
resilience
the set of behaviors and attitudes that clients identify as beneficial in coping with stressful
situations and adversity
Milestones
