PTAP 1400 EXAM 3 2025 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
What is the primary motion of the knee joint? - ANS flexion & extension
what is the knee joints primary plane of motion - ANS sagital plane & frontal axis
how many degrees of freedom is the knee joint? - ANS 2 degrees of freedom.
flexion & extension- sagital plane
internal & external rotation- transverse plane
what is the main knee joint? - ANS tibiofemoral joint
-hinge joint
what are the 2 joints that the knee consists of? - ANS patellofemoral joint & tibiofemoral
joint
what are the bones of the knee? - ANS femur
tibia
patella
what is the plumb line? - ANS line of gravity
what is genu varum - ANS bowlegged
what is genuflects valgum - ANS knock knees
what is genuflects recurvatum - ANS hyperextended
what is the degrees for a person who has genu valgum - ANS less than 180 degrees
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what is the degrees for a person who has genu varum - ANS more than 180 degrees
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, what is the job of the MCL & LCL - ANS not to allow too much genu valgum or genu varum
what is the anterior cruciate ligament aka ACL - ANS resists anterior, lateral & medial tibial
movement. stabilizes the knee
where does the ACL connect in the knee? - ANS posteriorly from the femur to anteriorly to
the tibia
what is the posterior cruciate ligament aka PCL - ANS resists posterior, lateral, and medial
tibial movement.
stabilizes knee flexion
what does the anterior drawer test for - ANS ACL tear. to test you have patient supine, knee
bent at 90 degrees and pull the knee forward. if it moves 8mm it can be torn.
what does the posterior drawer test for - ANS PCL tear. have patient supine, knee bent at 90
degrees and push the knee back.
lackmans test - ANS better than the anterior test
takes away opposition of hamstrings
knee flexed at 15-30 degrees
lateral collateral ligament - ANS LCL, resists varus (bow legged) stress at the knees
Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) - ANS resists valgus (knock knees) stresses at the knee
Where is the most blood supply during a meniscus tear - ANS red zone
heal faster
where is the lowest blood supply during a meniscus tear - ANS white zone
needs surgery
extensor leg - ANS lacking full knee extension.
what is the reason for extensor lag - ANS due to muscle weakness, pain & knee swelling,
edema, effusion. Bigger risk for someone to falling because they can't get the full knee
extension when attempting to walk
What is the terrible triad? - ANS MCL, ACL, medial meniscus get torn at the same time
during the terrible triad, what kind of hit can cause this - ANS a hit to the lateral side of the
knee
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what are the 2 major ligaments of the posterior capsule - ANS arcuate popliteal ligament
@COPYRIGHT BRAINBARTER 2025/2026
AND ANSWERS
What is the primary motion of the knee joint? - ANS flexion & extension
what is the knee joints primary plane of motion - ANS sagital plane & frontal axis
how many degrees of freedom is the knee joint? - ANS 2 degrees of freedom.
flexion & extension- sagital plane
internal & external rotation- transverse plane
what is the main knee joint? - ANS tibiofemoral joint
-hinge joint
what are the 2 joints that the knee consists of? - ANS patellofemoral joint & tibiofemoral
joint
what are the bones of the knee? - ANS femur
tibia
patella
what is the plumb line? - ANS line of gravity
what is genu varum - ANS bowlegged
what is genuflects valgum - ANS knock knees
what is genuflects recurvatum - ANS hyperextended
what is the degrees for a person who has genu valgum - ANS less than 180 degrees
1
Page
what is the degrees for a person who has genu varum - ANS more than 180 degrees
@COPYRIGHT BRAINBARTER 2025/2026
, what is the job of the MCL & LCL - ANS not to allow too much genu valgum or genu varum
what is the anterior cruciate ligament aka ACL - ANS resists anterior, lateral & medial tibial
movement. stabilizes the knee
where does the ACL connect in the knee? - ANS posteriorly from the femur to anteriorly to
the tibia
what is the posterior cruciate ligament aka PCL - ANS resists posterior, lateral, and medial
tibial movement.
stabilizes knee flexion
what does the anterior drawer test for - ANS ACL tear. to test you have patient supine, knee
bent at 90 degrees and pull the knee forward. if it moves 8mm it can be torn.
what does the posterior drawer test for - ANS PCL tear. have patient supine, knee bent at 90
degrees and push the knee back.
lackmans test - ANS better than the anterior test
takes away opposition of hamstrings
knee flexed at 15-30 degrees
lateral collateral ligament - ANS LCL, resists varus (bow legged) stress at the knees
Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) - ANS resists valgus (knock knees) stresses at the knee
Where is the most blood supply during a meniscus tear - ANS red zone
heal faster
where is the lowest blood supply during a meniscus tear - ANS white zone
needs surgery
extensor leg - ANS lacking full knee extension.
what is the reason for extensor lag - ANS due to muscle weakness, pain & knee swelling,
edema, effusion. Bigger risk for someone to falling because they can't get the full knee
extension when attempting to walk
What is the terrible triad? - ANS MCL, ACL, medial meniscus get torn at the same time
during the terrible triad, what kind of hit can cause this - ANS a hit to the lateral side of the
knee
2
Page
what are the 2 major ligaments of the posterior capsule - ANS arcuate popliteal ligament
@COPYRIGHT BRAINBARTER 2025/2026
