Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank @ft @ft @ft @ft
For
Assessing and Correcting Reading @ft @ft @ft
@ft and Writing Difficulties
@ft @ft
Sixth Edition @ft
Thomas G. Gunning @ft @ft
Professor @ft Emeritus, @ f t Southern @ f t Connecticut @ f t State
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New @ftYork San @ftFrancisco Hoboken
Amsterdam
@ft @ f t Cape @ftTown @ f t Dubai London @ f t Madrid @ f t Milan
@ f t Munich Paris @Montreal
ft Toronto
Delhi @ f t @ f t Mexico @ftCity Sao @ftPaolo @ f t
@ f t Sydney @ f t @ f t Hong @ftKong @ f t @ft Seoul @ f t @ft Singapore Taipei Tokyo
, Copyright @ft© @ft2018, @ft2014, @ft2010 @ftby @ftPearson @ftEducation, @ftInc. @ftor @ftits @ftaffiliates. @ f t All @ftRights
@ftReserved. @ f t Printed @ftin @ftthe @ftUnited @ftStates @ftof @ftAmerica. @ftThis @ftpublication @ftis @ftprotected @ftby
@ftcopyright, @ftand @ftpermission @ftshould @ftbe @ftobtained @ftfrom @ftthe @ftpublisher @ftprior @ftto @ftany @ftprohibited
@ftreproduction, @ftstorage @ftin @fta @ftretrieval @ftsystem, @ftor @fttransmission @ftin @ftany @ftform @ftor @ftby @ftany @ftmeans,
@ftelectronic, @ftmechanical, @ftphotocopying, @ftrecording, @ftor @ftotherwise. @ftFor @ftinformation @ftregarding
@ftpermissions, @ftrequest @ftforms @ftand @ftthe @ftappropriate @ftcontacts @ftwithin @ftthe @ftPearson @ftEducation @ftGlobal
@ftRights @ft& @ftPermissions
Department, @ftplease @ftvisit @ftwww.pearsoned.com/permissions/.
Instructors @ftof @ftclasses @ftusing @ftAssessing @ftand @ftCorrecting @ftReading @ftand @ftWriting @ftDifficulties, @ft6e, @ftby @ftThomas
@ftG. @ftGunning,
may @ftreproduce @ftmaterial @ftfrom @ftthe @ftInstructor’s @ftResource @ftManual @ftand @ftTest @ftBank @ftfor @ftclassroom @ftuse.
10 @ f t 9 @ f t 8 @ f t 7 @ f t 6 @ f t 5 @ f t 4 @ f t 3 @ f t 2 @ f t 1 ISBN @ft10: @ft0134516508
ISBN @ft13: @ft9780134516509
www.pearsonhighered.com
ii
, Table @ftof @ftContents
Preface ............................................................................................................................................. iv
Chapter @ft1: @ftIntroduction @ftto @ftLiteracy @ftDifficulties .................................................................. 1
Chapter @ft2: @ftFactors @ftInvolved @ftin @ftReading @ftand @ftWriting @ftDifficulties ................................. 3
Chapter @ft3: @ftOverview @ftof @ftAssessment .................................................................................. 5
Chapter @ft4: @ftPlacing @ftStudents @ftand @ftMonitoring @ftProgress ................................................... 7
Chapter @ft5: @ftAssessment @ftof @ftReading @ftand @ftWriting @ftProcesses.......................................... 9
Chapter @ft6: @ftAssessment @ftof @ftCognitive, @ftSchool, @ftand @ftHome @ftFactors ............................ 11
Chapter @ft7: @ftEmergent @ftLiteracy @ftand @ftPrevention @ftPrograms.............................................. 12
Chapter @ft8: @ftTeaching @ftPhonics, @ftHigh-Frequency @ftWords, @ftand @ftFluency ......................... 14
Chapter @ft9: @ftSyllabic, @ftMorphemic, @ftContextual, @ftand @ftDictionary @ftStrategies ...................... 16
Chapter @ft10: @ftBuilding @ftVocabulary ........................................................................................ 18
Chapter @ft11: @ftBuilding @ftComprehension................................................................................. 20
Chapter @ft12: @ftReading @ftto @ftLearn @ftand @ftRemember @ftin @ftthe @ftContent @ftAreas ................... 22
Chapter @ft13: @ftBuilding @ftWriting @ftStrategies ............................................................................ 24
Chapter @ft14: @ftTier @ftII @ftand @ftIII @ftPrograms ............................................................................ 26
Chapter @ft15: @ftOrganization @ftof @ftIntervention @ftand @ftCorrective @ftPrograms ............................ 28
Appendix @ftA: @ftThe @ftPrimary @ftReadability @ftIndex… ...................................................................... 30
Appendix @ftB: @ftGraphic @ftOrganizer @ftBlackline @ftMasters ......................................................... 36
References… ....................................................................................................................................... 52
Test @ftBank… ....................................................................................................................................... 53
iii
, PREFACE
For @fteach @ftchapter, @ftthe @ftinstructor’s @ftmanual @ftfeatures @fta @ftChapter @ftOverview, @fta @ftseries
@ftof @ftLearner @ftObjectives, @ftand @ftsuggestions @ftfor @ftBefore, @ftDuring, @ftand @ftAfter
@ftReading. @ftAlso @ftfeatured @ftis @fta @ftlist @ftof @ftsuggested @ftTeaching @ftActivities @ftfor @fteach
@ftchapter @ftand @fta @ftGraphic @ftOrganizer @ftdesigned @ftto @fthelp @ftstudents @ftmanipulate @ftkey
@ftconcepts @ftcovered @ftin @ftthe @ftchapter. @ftThe @ftgraphic @ftorganizers @ftare @ftpresented @fton
@ftblackline @ftmasters @ftso @ftthat @ftthey @ftmay @ftbe @ftreadily @ftphotocopied @ftor @ftmade @ftinto
@ftoverhead @fttransparencies. @ftGraphic @ftorganizer @ftblackline @ftmasters @ftcan @ftbe @ftfound @ftin
@ftAppendix @ftB. @ftIncluded, @fttoo, @ftare @ftsuggestions @ftfor @ftthe @ftAssessment @ftof @ftstudents’
@ftmastery @ftof @fteach @ftchapter’s @ftkey @ftconcepts. @ftA @ftTest @ftBank @ftcontains @ftboth @ftselected
@ftand @ftconstructed @ftresponses. @ftAppendix @ftA @ftcontains @ftthe @ftPrimary @ftReadability @ftFormula,
@ftwhich @ftcan @ftbe @ftused @ftto @ftestimate @ftthe @ftreadability @ftlevels @ftof @ftmaterials @ftin @ftgrades
1-3.
eText @ f t Digital @ f t Content
The @ft6th @ftedition @ftof @ftAssessing @ftand @ftCorrecting @ftReading @ftand @ftWriting @ftDifficulties @ f t is
@ftan @ftenhanced @fteText @ftand @ftfeatures @fta @ftCheck @ftYour @ftUnderstanding @ftquiz @ftfor @fteach
@ftsection @ftof @fteach @ftchapter. @ftThere @ftare @ft4 @ftto @ft6 @ftquizzes @ftin @fteach @ftchapter, @ftsome @ft71
@ftquizzes @ftin @ftall. @ftThe @ftquizzes @ftare @ftaccompanied @ftby @ftsample @ftresponses. @ftProviding
@ftstrategic @ftstopping @ftplaces @ftfor @ftstudents @ftto @ftquiz @ftthemselves @ftand @ftreceive @ftfeedback
@fton @fttheir @ftresponses, @ftthe @ftCheck @ftYour @ftUnderstanding @ftquizzes @ftshould @ftfoster @ftboth
@ f t increased @ftunderstanding @ftand @ftretention. @ftAs @fttheir @ftname @ftsuggests, @ftthe @ftquizzes @ftare
@ftalso @fta @ftmeans @ftfor @ftchecking @ftunderstanding. @ftIf @ftstudents @fthave @ftdifficulty @ftanswering
@ftthe @ftquiz @ftquestions, @ftthis @ftis @ftan @ftindication @ftthat @ftthey @ftmay @ftneed @ftto @ftreview @ftthe
@fttext.
Also @ftfeatured @ftare @ftvideo @ftclips. @ftThere @ftare @ft4 @ftto @ft7 @ftin @fteach @ftchapter @ftfor @fta
@fttotal @ftof @ft86. @ftThe @ftclips @ftillustrate @ftassessment @ftand @ftinstructional @fttechniques @ftand
@ftfeature @ftadvice @ftand @ftexplanations @ftfrom @ftexperts @ftin @ftliteracy @ftand @ftrelated @ftfields. @ftBy
@ftadding @ftmultimedia @ftto @ftprinted @fttext, @ftthe @ftvideos @ftin @ftthe @ftenhanced @ftetext @ftshould
@ftalso @ftfoster @ftincreased @ftunderstanding @ftand @ftretention.
Before @ftReading @ftFeature
This @ftfeature @ftcontains @ftsuggestions @ftfor @ftintroducing @fteach @ftchapter. @ftThrough @ftdiscussion
@ftor @ftan @ftactivity, @ftit @ftattempts @ftto @ftdraw @ftfrom @ftstudents’ @ftpersonal @ftexperiences @ftthat
@ftmight @ftbe @ftrelevant @ftto @ftthe @ftchapter’s @ftmain @ftconcepts. @ftFor @ftinstance, @ftbefore @ftreading
@ftChapter @ft12, @ft“Reading @ftto @ftLearn @ftand @ftRemember @ftin @ftthe @ftContent @ftAreas,” @ftstudents
@ftare @ftasked @ftto @ftdiscuss @fttheir @ftstudy @ftskills @ftand @fthow @ftthey @ftacquired @ftthem @ftso @ftthey
@ftcan @ftget @fta @ftsense @ftof @ftwhat @ftmight @ftbe @ftinvolved @ftin @ftplanning @ftand @ftimplementing @fta
@ftprogram @ftof @ftstudy @ftskills @ftfor @ftstruggling @ftreaders @ftand @ftwriters.
During @ftReading @ftFeature
Reminders @ftto @ftencourage @ftstudents @ftto @ftuse @ftSQ3R @ftor @ftanother @ftstudy @ftstrategy @ftand @fttext
@ftfeatures @ftalong @ftwith @ftquizzes @ftand @ftvideo @ftclips @ftas @ftthey @ftread @ftare @ftpresented. @ftThe
@fttopics @ftof @ftthe @ftchapter’s @ftvideo @ftclips @ftare @ftprovided.
After @ftReading @ftFeature
A @ftgraphic @ftorganizer, @ftwhich @ftspecifically @ftrequires @ftthe @ftreader @ftto @ftorganize @ftkey
@ftconcepts, @ftis @ f t presented. @ftThe @ftgraphic @ftorganizer @ftconsists @ftof @fta @ftsemantic @ftmap,
@ftsemantic @ftfeature @ftanalysis, @ftor @ftframe @ftmatrix, @ftwhich @ftthe @ftreader @ftis @ftasked @ftto
@ftcomplete. @ftIf @ftstudents @ftexperience @ftdifficulty @ftwith @ftthe @ftgraphic @ftorganizer, @ftthis @ftcould
@ftbe @fta @ftsign @ftthat @ftcomprehension @ftor @ftretention @ftis @ftlacking, @ftso @ftthey @ftmay @ftwant @ftto @ftgo
@ftback @ftover @ftthe @ftchapter @ftor @ftkey @ftparts @ftof @ftit.
Teaching @ f t Activities
Teaching @ftactivities @ftinclude @fta @ftwide @ftvariety @ftof @ftsuggestions @ftfor @ftclarifying, @ftextending,
iv
For
Assessing and Correcting Reading @ft @ft @ft
@ft and Writing Difficulties
@ft @ft
Sixth Edition @ft
Thomas G. Gunning @ft @ft
Professor @ft Emeritus, @ f t Southern @ f t Connecticut @ f t State
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New @ftYork San @ftFrancisco Hoboken
Amsterdam
@ft @ f t Cape @ftTown @ f t Dubai London @ f t Madrid @ f t Milan
@ f t Munich Paris @Montreal
ft Toronto
Delhi @ f t @ f t Mexico @ftCity Sao @ftPaolo @ f t
@ f t Sydney @ f t @ f t Hong @ftKong @ f t @ft Seoul @ f t @ft Singapore Taipei Tokyo
, Copyright @ft© @ft2018, @ft2014, @ft2010 @ftby @ftPearson @ftEducation, @ftInc. @ftor @ftits @ftaffiliates. @ f t All @ftRights
@ftReserved. @ f t Printed @ftin @ftthe @ftUnited @ftStates @ftof @ftAmerica. @ftThis @ftpublication @ftis @ftprotected @ftby
@ftcopyright, @ftand @ftpermission @ftshould @ftbe @ftobtained @ftfrom @ftthe @ftpublisher @ftprior @ftto @ftany @ftprohibited
@ftreproduction, @ftstorage @ftin @fta @ftretrieval @ftsystem, @ftor @fttransmission @ftin @ftany @ftform @ftor @ftby @ftany @ftmeans,
@ftelectronic, @ftmechanical, @ftphotocopying, @ftrecording, @ftor @ftotherwise. @ftFor @ftinformation @ftregarding
@ftpermissions, @ftrequest @ftforms @ftand @ftthe @ftappropriate @ftcontacts @ftwithin @ftthe @ftPearson @ftEducation @ftGlobal
@ftRights @ft& @ftPermissions
Department, @ftplease @ftvisit @ftwww.pearsoned.com/permissions/.
Instructors @ftof @ftclasses @ftusing @ftAssessing @ftand @ftCorrecting @ftReading @ftand @ftWriting @ftDifficulties, @ft6e, @ftby @ftThomas
@ftG. @ftGunning,
may @ftreproduce @ftmaterial @ftfrom @ftthe @ftInstructor’s @ftResource @ftManual @ftand @ftTest @ftBank @ftfor @ftclassroom @ftuse.
10 @ f t 9 @ f t 8 @ f t 7 @ f t 6 @ f t 5 @ f t 4 @ f t 3 @ f t 2 @ f t 1 ISBN @ft10: @ft0134516508
ISBN @ft13: @ft9780134516509
www.pearsonhighered.com
ii
, Table @ftof @ftContents
Preface ............................................................................................................................................. iv
Chapter @ft1: @ftIntroduction @ftto @ftLiteracy @ftDifficulties .................................................................. 1
Chapter @ft2: @ftFactors @ftInvolved @ftin @ftReading @ftand @ftWriting @ftDifficulties ................................. 3
Chapter @ft3: @ftOverview @ftof @ftAssessment .................................................................................. 5
Chapter @ft4: @ftPlacing @ftStudents @ftand @ftMonitoring @ftProgress ................................................... 7
Chapter @ft5: @ftAssessment @ftof @ftReading @ftand @ftWriting @ftProcesses.......................................... 9
Chapter @ft6: @ftAssessment @ftof @ftCognitive, @ftSchool, @ftand @ftHome @ftFactors ............................ 11
Chapter @ft7: @ftEmergent @ftLiteracy @ftand @ftPrevention @ftPrograms.............................................. 12
Chapter @ft8: @ftTeaching @ftPhonics, @ftHigh-Frequency @ftWords, @ftand @ftFluency ......................... 14
Chapter @ft9: @ftSyllabic, @ftMorphemic, @ftContextual, @ftand @ftDictionary @ftStrategies ...................... 16
Chapter @ft10: @ftBuilding @ftVocabulary ........................................................................................ 18
Chapter @ft11: @ftBuilding @ftComprehension................................................................................. 20
Chapter @ft12: @ftReading @ftto @ftLearn @ftand @ftRemember @ftin @ftthe @ftContent @ftAreas ................... 22
Chapter @ft13: @ftBuilding @ftWriting @ftStrategies ............................................................................ 24
Chapter @ft14: @ftTier @ftII @ftand @ftIII @ftPrograms ............................................................................ 26
Chapter @ft15: @ftOrganization @ftof @ftIntervention @ftand @ftCorrective @ftPrograms ............................ 28
Appendix @ftA: @ftThe @ftPrimary @ftReadability @ftIndex… ...................................................................... 30
Appendix @ftB: @ftGraphic @ftOrganizer @ftBlackline @ftMasters ......................................................... 36
References… ....................................................................................................................................... 52
Test @ftBank… ....................................................................................................................................... 53
iii
, PREFACE
For @fteach @ftchapter, @ftthe @ftinstructor’s @ftmanual @ftfeatures @fta @ftChapter @ftOverview, @fta @ftseries
@ftof @ftLearner @ftObjectives, @ftand @ftsuggestions @ftfor @ftBefore, @ftDuring, @ftand @ftAfter
@ftReading. @ftAlso @ftfeatured @ftis @fta @ftlist @ftof @ftsuggested @ftTeaching @ftActivities @ftfor @fteach
@ftchapter @ftand @fta @ftGraphic @ftOrganizer @ftdesigned @ftto @fthelp @ftstudents @ftmanipulate @ftkey
@ftconcepts @ftcovered @ftin @ftthe @ftchapter. @ftThe @ftgraphic @ftorganizers @ftare @ftpresented @fton
@ftblackline @ftmasters @ftso @ftthat @ftthey @ftmay @ftbe @ftreadily @ftphotocopied @ftor @ftmade @ftinto
@ftoverhead @fttransparencies. @ftGraphic @ftorganizer @ftblackline @ftmasters @ftcan @ftbe @ftfound @ftin
@ftAppendix @ftB. @ftIncluded, @fttoo, @ftare @ftsuggestions @ftfor @ftthe @ftAssessment @ftof @ftstudents’
@ftmastery @ftof @fteach @ftchapter’s @ftkey @ftconcepts. @ftA @ftTest @ftBank @ftcontains @ftboth @ftselected
@ftand @ftconstructed @ftresponses. @ftAppendix @ftA @ftcontains @ftthe @ftPrimary @ftReadability @ftFormula,
@ftwhich @ftcan @ftbe @ftused @ftto @ftestimate @ftthe @ftreadability @ftlevels @ftof @ftmaterials @ftin @ftgrades
1-3.
eText @ f t Digital @ f t Content
The @ft6th @ftedition @ftof @ftAssessing @ftand @ftCorrecting @ftReading @ftand @ftWriting @ftDifficulties @ f t is
@ftan @ftenhanced @fteText @ftand @ftfeatures @fta @ftCheck @ftYour @ftUnderstanding @ftquiz @ftfor @fteach
@ftsection @ftof @fteach @ftchapter. @ftThere @ftare @ft4 @ftto @ft6 @ftquizzes @ftin @fteach @ftchapter, @ftsome @ft71
@ftquizzes @ftin @ftall. @ftThe @ftquizzes @ftare @ftaccompanied @ftby @ftsample @ftresponses. @ftProviding
@ftstrategic @ftstopping @ftplaces @ftfor @ftstudents @ftto @ftquiz @ftthemselves @ftand @ftreceive @ftfeedback
@fton @fttheir @ftresponses, @ftthe @ftCheck @ftYour @ftUnderstanding @ftquizzes @ftshould @ftfoster @ftboth
@ f t increased @ftunderstanding @ftand @ftretention. @ftAs @fttheir @ftname @ftsuggests, @ftthe @ftquizzes @ftare
@ftalso @fta @ftmeans @ftfor @ftchecking @ftunderstanding. @ftIf @ftstudents @fthave @ftdifficulty @ftanswering
@ftthe @ftquiz @ftquestions, @ftthis @ftis @ftan @ftindication @ftthat @ftthey @ftmay @ftneed @ftto @ftreview @ftthe
@fttext.
Also @ftfeatured @ftare @ftvideo @ftclips. @ftThere @ftare @ft4 @ftto @ft7 @ftin @fteach @ftchapter @ftfor @fta
@fttotal @ftof @ft86. @ftThe @ftclips @ftillustrate @ftassessment @ftand @ftinstructional @fttechniques @ftand
@ftfeature @ftadvice @ftand @ftexplanations @ftfrom @ftexperts @ftin @ftliteracy @ftand @ftrelated @ftfields. @ftBy
@ftadding @ftmultimedia @ftto @ftprinted @fttext, @ftthe @ftvideos @ftin @ftthe @ftenhanced @ftetext @ftshould
@ftalso @ftfoster @ftincreased @ftunderstanding @ftand @ftretention.
Before @ftReading @ftFeature
This @ftfeature @ftcontains @ftsuggestions @ftfor @ftintroducing @fteach @ftchapter. @ftThrough @ftdiscussion
@ftor @ftan @ftactivity, @ftit @ftattempts @ftto @ftdraw @ftfrom @ftstudents’ @ftpersonal @ftexperiences @ftthat
@ftmight @ftbe @ftrelevant @ftto @ftthe @ftchapter’s @ftmain @ftconcepts. @ftFor @ftinstance, @ftbefore @ftreading
@ftChapter @ft12, @ft“Reading @ftto @ftLearn @ftand @ftRemember @ftin @ftthe @ftContent @ftAreas,” @ftstudents
@ftare @ftasked @ftto @ftdiscuss @fttheir @ftstudy @ftskills @ftand @fthow @ftthey @ftacquired @ftthem @ftso @ftthey
@ftcan @ftget @fta @ftsense @ftof @ftwhat @ftmight @ftbe @ftinvolved @ftin @ftplanning @ftand @ftimplementing @fta
@ftprogram @ftof @ftstudy @ftskills @ftfor @ftstruggling @ftreaders @ftand @ftwriters.
During @ftReading @ftFeature
Reminders @ftto @ftencourage @ftstudents @ftto @ftuse @ftSQ3R @ftor @ftanother @ftstudy @ftstrategy @ftand @fttext
@ftfeatures @ftalong @ftwith @ftquizzes @ftand @ftvideo @ftclips @ftas @ftthey @ftread @ftare @ftpresented. @ftThe
@fttopics @ftof @ftthe @ftchapter’s @ftvideo @ftclips @ftare @ftprovided.
After @ftReading @ftFeature
A @ftgraphic @ftorganizer, @ftwhich @ftspecifically @ftrequires @ftthe @ftreader @ftto @ftorganize @ftkey
@ftconcepts, @ftis @ f t presented. @ftThe @ftgraphic @ftorganizer @ftconsists @ftof @fta @ftsemantic @ftmap,
@ftsemantic @ftfeature @ftanalysis, @ftor @ftframe @ftmatrix, @ftwhich @ftthe @ftreader @ftis @ftasked @ftto
@ftcomplete. @ftIf @ftstudents @ftexperience @ftdifficulty @ftwith @ftthe @ftgraphic @ftorganizer, @ftthis @ftcould
@ftbe @fta @ftsign @ftthat @ftcomprehension @ftor @ftretention @ftis @ftlacking, @ftso @ftthey @ftmay @ftwant @ftto @ftgo
@ftback @ftover @ftthe @ftchapter @ftor @ftkey @ftparts @ftof @ftit.
Teaching @ f t Activities
Teaching @ftactivities @ftinclude @fta @ftwide @ftvariety @ftof @ftsuggestions @ftfor @ftclarifying, @ftextending,
iv
