NURS8022 - ENDOCRINE PATHO EXAM
WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025
Besides hyposecretion and hypersecretion, endocrine system dysfunction can result from:
a. abnormal receptor activity.
b. abnormal hormone levels.
c. increased synthesis of second messengers.
d. extracellular electrolyte alterations. - CORRECT-ANSWERSa. abnormal receptor activity
Dysfunction may result from abnormal cell receptor function or from altered intracellular
response to the hormone-receptor complex. Abnormal hormone levels can occur but are not
the cause of endocrine dysfunction. Intracellular storage of second-messenger hormones would
not lead to dysfunction; receptor function does. Extracellular electrolyte alterations may result
from dysfunction, but they are not a cause.
What is the most common cause of elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion?
a. Autoimmune disease
b. Cancer
c. Pregnancy
d. Heart failure - CORRECT-ANSWERSb. Cancer
,The most common cause of elevated levels of ADH is cancer, not autoimmune disorders,
pregnancy, or heart failure.
A 54-year-old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis is evaluated for syndrome of inappropriate
ADH secretion (SIADH). Which electrolyte imbalance would be expected in this patient?
a. Hyponatremia
b. Hyperkalemia
c. Hypernatremia
d. Hypokalemia - CORRECT-ANSWERSA. hyponatremia
Hyponatremia occurs due to increased water reabsorption by kidneys. Hyperkalemia does not
occur due to increased water reabsorption. Sodium levels are lowered with hyponatremia; they
are not elevated. Hypokalemia does not occur; SIADH is a problem of sodium.
. A 44-year-old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis is evaluated for SIADH. Which assessment
finding would support this diagnosis?
a. Peripheral edema
b. Tachycardia
c. Low blood pressure
d. Concentrated urine - CORRECT-ANSWERSd. Concentrated urine
, Clinical manifestations of SIADH include urine that is inappropriately concentrated with respect
to serum osmolarity. Symptomology of SIADH does not include peripheral edema, tachycardia,
or low blood pressure.
A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with SIADH. What severe complication should the
nurse assess for?
a. Stroke
b. Diabetes insipidus
c. Neurologic damage
d. Renal failure - CORRECT-ANSWERSc. Neurologic damage
When the hyponatremia of SIADH becomes severe, 110-115 milliequivalents per liter,
confusion, lethargy, muscle twitching, convulsions, and severe and sometimes irreversible
neurologic damage may occur. Neither stroke, diabetes insipidus, nor renal failure is associated
with SIADH.
A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with a closed head injury sustained in a
motorcycle accident. The injury has caused severe damage to the posterior pituitary. Which of
the following complications should the nurse anticipate?
a. Dilutional hyponatremia
b. Dehydration from polyuria
c. Cardiac arrest from hyperkalemia
WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025
Besides hyposecretion and hypersecretion, endocrine system dysfunction can result from:
a. abnormal receptor activity.
b. abnormal hormone levels.
c. increased synthesis of second messengers.
d. extracellular electrolyte alterations. - CORRECT-ANSWERSa. abnormal receptor activity
Dysfunction may result from abnormal cell receptor function or from altered intracellular
response to the hormone-receptor complex. Abnormal hormone levels can occur but are not
the cause of endocrine dysfunction. Intracellular storage of second-messenger hormones would
not lead to dysfunction; receptor function does. Extracellular electrolyte alterations may result
from dysfunction, but they are not a cause.
What is the most common cause of elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion?
a. Autoimmune disease
b. Cancer
c. Pregnancy
d. Heart failure - CORRECT-ANSWERSb. Cancer
,The most common cause of elevated levels of ADH is cancer, not autoimmune disorders,
pregnancy, or heart failure.
A 54-year-old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis is evaluated for syndrome of inappropriate
ADH secretion (SIADH). Which electrolyte imbalance would be expected in this patient?
a. Hyponatremia
b. Hyperkalemia
c. Hypernatremia
d. Hypokalemia - CORRECT-ANSWERSA. hyponatremia
Hyponatremia occurs due to increased water reabsorption by kidneys. Hyperkalemia does not
occur due to increased water reabsorption. Sodium levels are lowered with hyponatremia; they
are not elevated. Hypokalemia does not occur; SIADH is a problem of sodium.
. A 44-year-old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis is evaluated for SIADH. Which assessment
finding would support this diagnosis?
a. Peripheral edema
b. Tachycardia
c. Low blood pressure
d. Concentrated urine - CORRECT-ANSWERSd. Concentrated urine
, Clinical manifestations of SIADH include urine that is inappropriately concentrated with respect
to serum osmolarity. Symptomology of SIADH does not include peripheral edema, tachycardia,
or low blood pressure.
A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with SIADH. What severe complication should the
nurse assess for?
a. Stroke
b. Diabetes insipidus
c. Neurologic damage
d. Renal failure - CORRECT-ANSWERSc. Neurologic damage
When the hyponatremia of SIADH becomes severe, 110-115 milliequivalents per liter,
confusion, lethargy, muscle twitching, convulsions, and severe and sometimes irreversible
neurologic damage may occur. Neither stroke, diabetes insipidus, nor renal failure is associated
with SIADH.
A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with a closed head injury sustained in a
motorcycle accident. The injury has caused severe damage to the posterior pituitary. Which of
the following complications should the nurse anticipate?
a. Dilutional hyponatremia
b. Dehydration from polyuria
c. Cardiac arrest from hyperkalemia
