AANP Actual Exam Questions and Answers
8(150 Questions) | 2025–2026 Latest Edition
– 100% Verified
Erythropoetin - <<answer>>90 % renal, 10% hepatic, need supplementation when
GFR is less than 49
Reticulocytes - <<answer>>In health, make up 1-2 % of total RBCs, increased in
response to anema. Absence of reticulocytosis or presence of reticulocytopenia shows
inadequate bone marrow response.
Hemoglobin - <<answer>>normal is 12 for females and 15 for males. Ratio to
hematocrit is 1:3
MCV - <<answer>>determines red blood cell size - normal is 80-96
MCH - <<answer>>reflects hgb content and color, normal is 31-37
RDW - <<answer>>variation of RBC size - normal is 11.5-15%
Normocytic, normochromic , normal RDW - <<answer>>acute blood loss, anemia of
chronic disease
Microcytic, hypochromic anemia, elevated RDW - <<answer>>Iron deficiency anemia
Microcytic, hypochromic, normal RDW - <<answer>>alpha or beta thalassemia minor
Macrocytic, normochromic, elevated RDW - <<answer>>Vitamin B12 deficiency,
folate deficiency, pernicious anemia
Macrocytosis without anemia - <<answer>>use of medications like tegretol, AZT,
depakote, dilantin, alcohol
Heart murmur seen in b12 deficiency - <<answer>>Hemic murmur
,Most common pathogen in CAP, ABRS, AOM - <<answer>>S. pneumoniae
Common pathogen in ABRS, AOM, CAP particularly with recurrent infections and
tobacco use - <<answer>>H. influenzae, more than 30% now pcn resistant via beta
lactamase production
First line treatment for Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis - <<answer>>Augmentin
500/125 TID or 875/125 BID
Second line treatment for Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis - <<answer>>Augmentin
2000/125 BID or doxy 100 mg BID or 200 mg QD
Treatment for ABRS if allergic to PCN, Cephalosporins - <<answer>>Doxy,
Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin
Treatment for ABRS if antibiotic resistance of failed initial therapy - <<answer>>Doxy,
levofloxacin, moxifloxacin
Presbycusis - <<answer>>slowly progressive hearing loss that is symmetric and high
frequency
1st line controller therapy in allergic rhinitis - <<answer>>Intranasal corticosteriods
like Flonase, Nasonex, Nasacort, Omnaris. Side effects are that nasal irritation and
bleeding may occur. Optimal efficacy may take 1-2 weeks.
1st line rescue treatment in allergic rhinitis - <<answer>>Nasal antihistamines, esp if
there is nasal congestion. sedation could occur. Drugs like astelin, Astepro, and
patanase
1st generation oral antihistamines - <<answer>>significant potential to cause
sedation and anticholinergic effects so not a first line therapy. Ex. benadryl, chlor
trimeton, dimetapp, vistaril.
2nd generation oral antihistamines - <<answer>>These are preferred over because
no anticholinergic effects but not as helpful with nasal congestion. Ex. claritin, clarinex,
zyrtec, allergra
Oral decongestants - <<answer>>alpha adrenergic agonist so vasoconstrictive. Take
caution with the elderly, young children, HTN, bladder neck obstruction, glaucoma, and
hyperthyroidism. Ex. sudafed
Nasal decongestants - <<answer>>Alpha adrenergic agonist so vasoconstrictive.
Can cause rebound congestion/medicamentosa so limit use to 5-7 days.
, Intranasal anticholinergics - <<answer>>reduce runny nose because of drying action.
No effect on other nasal symptoms. Dryness can occur. Ex.. Atrovent
Found on fundoscopic exam of person with angle-closure glaucoma -
<<answer>>deeply cupped optic disc because of increase intraocular pressure than
pushes the optic disc backwards., acute, painful
Amsler grid - <<answer>>screening test for macular problems.
Tonometry - <<answer>>measurement of intraoccular pressure, screen for glaucoma
Presbyopia - <<answer>>Hardening of the lens, close vision problems, adults over 45
Senile cataracts - <<answer>>lens clouding, progressive vision dimming, distance
vision problems, close vision usually retained and often improves. Risk factors are
tobacco use, poor nutrition, sun exposure, systemic corticosteriod therapy. Potentially
correctable with surgery.
Open-angle glaucoma - <<answer>>Painless, gradual onset of increased intraocular
pressure leading to optic atrophy. Causes a loss of peripheral vision if not treated.
Avoidable with appropriate and ongoing intervention. more than 80% of all glaucoma.
Treat with topical miotics, beta blockers, or surgery
Angle closure glaucoma - <<answer>>sudden increases in intraocular pressure.
Usually unilateral, painful, red eye, halos around lights, eyeball firm when compare to
other. Immediate referral to opthmalogy
Macular degeneration - <<answer>>thickening sclerotic changes in retinal basement
membrane complex. Causes painless changes in vision including distortion of central
vision. On fundo exam will see drusen (soft yellow deposits in macular region). Risk
factors are tobacco use, sun exposure. No treatment available for dry form. Laser
treatment or intraviteal injection of antivascular growth factor for wet form
Treatment of suppurative (non gonococcal or chlamydial infection (s. aureas, s.
pneumo, H. influ) - <<answer>>Primary: opthalmic with FQ ocular solution.
Secondary: opthalmic treatment with polymixin B with trimetroprim solution or with
azithromycin 1%.
Treatment of otitis externa (pseudomonas sp, proteus sp). Acute infection often S.
aureus. - <<answer>>otic drops with ofloxacin or cipro with hydrocortisone or
polymixin B with neomycin and hydrocortisone. Cleaning of ear canal important. Use 1:2
mix of white vinegar and rubbing alcohol after swimming. Do not use neomycin if
eardrum punctured.
8(150 Questions) | 2025–2026 Latest Edition
– 100% Verified
Erythropoetin - <<answer>>90 % renal, 10% hepatic, need supplementation when
GFR is less than 49
Reticulocytes - <<answer>>In health, make up 1-2 % of total RBCs, increased in
response to anema. Absence of reticulocytosis or presence of reticulocytopenia shows
inadequate bone marrow response.
Hemoglobin - <<answer>>normal is 12 for females and 15 for males. Ratio to
hematocrit is 1:3
MCV - <<answer>>determines red blood cell size - normal is 80-96
MCH - <<answer>>reflects hgb content and color, normal is 31-37
RDW - <<answer>>variation of RBC size - normal is 11.5-15%
Normocytic, normochromic , normal RDW - <<answer>>acute blood loss, anemia of
chronic disease
Microcytic, hypochromic anemia, elevated RDW - <<answer>>Iron deficiency anemia
Microcytic, hypochromic, normal RDW - <<answer>>alpha or beta thalassemia minor
Macrocytic, normochromic, elevated RDW - <<answer>>Vitamin B12 deficiency,
folate deficiency, pernicious anemia
Macrocytosis without anemia - <<answer>>use of medications like tegretol, AZT,
depakote, dilantin, alcohol
Heart murmur seen in b12 deficiency - <<answer>>Hemic murmur
,Most common pathogen in CAP, ABRS, AOM - <<answer>>S. pneumoniae
Common pathogen in ABRS, AOM, CAP particularly with recurrent infections and
tobacco use - <<answer>>H. influenzae, more than 30% now pcn resistant via beta
lactamase production
First line treatment for Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis - <<answer>>Augmentin
500/125 TID or 875/125 BID
Second line treatment for Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis - <<answer>>Augmentin
2000/125 BID or doxy 100 mg BID or 200 mg QD
Treatment for ABRS if allergic to PCN, Cephalosporins - <<answer>>Doxy,
Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin
Treatment for ABRS if antibiotic resistance of failed initial therapy - <<answer>>Doxy,
levofloxacin, moxifloxacin
Presbycusis - <<answer>>slowly progressive hearing loss that is symmetric and high
frequency
1st line controller therapy in allergic rhinitis - <<answer>>Intranasal corticosteriods
like Flonase, Nasonex, Nasacort, Omnaris. Side effects are that nasal irritation and
bleeding may occur. Optimal efficacy may take 1-2 weeks.
1st line rescue treatment in allergic rhinitis - <<answer>>Nasal antihistamines, esp if
there is nasal congestion. sedation could occur. Drugs like astelin, Astepro, and
patanase
1st generation oral antihistamines - <<answer>>significant potential to cause
sedation and anticholinergic effects so not a first line therapy. Ex. benadryl, chlor
trimeton, dimetapp, vistaril.
2nd generation oral antihistamines - <<answer>>These are preferred over because
no anticholinergic effects but not as helpful with nasal congestion. Ex. claritin, clarinex,
zyrtec, allergra
Oral decongestants - <<answer>>alpha adrenergic agonist so vasoconstrictive. Take
caution with the elderly, young children, HTN, bladder neck obstruction, glaucoma, and
hyperthyroidism. Ex. sudafed
Nasal decongestants - <<answer>>Alpha adrenergic agonist so vasoconstrictive.
Can cause rebound congestion/medicamentosa so limit use to 5-7 days.
, Intranasal anticholinergics - <<answer>>reduce runny nose because of drying action.
No effect on other nasal symptoms. Dryness can occur. Ex.. Atrovent
Found on fundoscopic exam of person with angle-closure glaucoma -
<<answer>>deeply cupped optic disc because of increase intraocular pressure than
pushes the optic disc backwards., acute, painful
Amsler grid - <<answer>>screening test for macular problems.
Tonometry - <<answer>>measurement of intraoccular pressure, screen for glaucoma
Presbyopia - <<answer>>Hardening of the lens, close vision problems, adults over 45
Senile cataracts - <<answer>>lens clouding, progressive vision dimming, distance
vision problems, close vision usually retained and often improves. Risk factors are
tobacco use, poor nutrition, sun exposure, systemic corticosteriod therapy. Potentially
correctable with surgery.
Open-angle glaucoma - <<answer>>Painless, gradual onset of increased intraocular
pressure leading to optic atrophy. Causes a loss of peripheral vision if not treated.
Avoidable with appropriate and ongoing intervention. more than 80% of all glaucoma.
Treat with topical miotics, beta blockers, or surgery
Angle closure glaucoma - <<answer>>sudden increases in intraocular pressure.
Usually unilateral, painful, red eye, halos around lights, eyeball firm when compare to
other. Immediate referral to opthmalogy
Macular degeneration - <<answer>>thickening sclerotic changes in retinal basement
membrane complex. Causes painless changes in vision including distortion of central
vision. On fundo exam will see drusen (soft yellow deposits in macular region). Risk
factors are tobacco use, sun exposure. No treatment available for dry form. Laser
treatment or intraviteal injection of antivascular growth factor for wet form
Treatment of suppurative (non gonococcal or chlamydial infection (s. aureas, s.
pneumo, H. influ) - <<answer>>Primary: opthalmic with FQ ocular solution.
Secondary: opthalmic treatment with polymixin B with trimetroprim solution or with
azithromycin 1%.
Treatment of otitis externa (pseudomonas sp, proteus sp). Acute infection often S.
aureus. - <<answer>>otic drops with ofloxacin or cipro with hydrocortisone or
polymixin B with neomycin and hydrocortisone. Cleaning of ear canal important. Use 1:2
mix of white vinegar and rubbing alcohol after swimming. Do not use neomycin if
eardrum punctured.
