Pathophysiology Exam 1 Review – NURS 231 / BIOD 331 (Portage Learning, 2025 Verified Q&A)

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 REVIEW
FOR NURS 231/BIOD 331 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE/
VERIFIED 2025


What is the definition of hypertrophy? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- An
increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in the size
of its cells.


Can hypertrophy occur under normal conditions? - CORRECT
ANSWER ✔✔- Yes, hypertrophy can occur under normal and
pathological conditions.


Is hypertrophy characterized by an increase in the number of cells? -
CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- No, hypertrophy is characterized by an
increase in the size of cells, not the number of cells.


What is hyperplasia? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- An increase in the
number of cells in an organ or tissue.


What can persistent metaplasia lead to? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔-
Persistent metaplasia can lead to dysplasia.



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, What is the relationship between dysplasia and cancer? - CORRECT
ANSWER ✔✔- Persistent dysplasia eventually results in cancer.


Is Barrett's esophagus an example of dysplasia? - CORRECT ANSWER
✔✔- No, Barrett's esophagus is an example of metaplasia.


What is the effect of an illness on one's life called? - CORRECT
ANSWER ✔✔- Morbidity.


Which organelle is involved in cellular respiration? - CORRECT
ANSWER ✔✔- Mitochondria.


What role do mitochondria play besides cellular respiration? -
CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- They play a role in apoptosis.


What is the function of proteins in the cell membrane? - CORRECT
ANSWER ✔✔- Proteins carry out the functions of the cell membrane.


What are lysosomes? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Lysosomes are the
digestive system of the cell.


What are microfilaments? - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔- Microfilaments
are thin, threadlike cytoplasmic structures.



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