TESTBANK
TESTBANKFORACONCISE
b v INTRODUCTION TOLOGIC 13THEDITION
v v v b v b
BYPATRICKJ.HURLEY,LORIWATSON
,Chapter1TestA
MULTIPLECHOICE
INSTRUCTIONS:Thefollowingselectionsrelatetodistinguishingargumentsfromnonargumentsand
v v
identifyingconclusions.Select thebestanswerforeach.
v v v
1. Thereappearstobeagrowinghappinessgapbetweenmenandwomen.Womentodayareworkingmore
v v
andrelaxingless,whilemenareworkinglessandrelaxingmore.Fortyyearsagoatypicalwomanspent
v v v
40minutesmoreperweekthanthetypicalmanperforminganactivityconsideredunpleasant.Today,
v v v
withmenworkingless,thegapis90minutesandgrowing.
v v
a. Argument;conclusion:Today...thegapis90minutesandgrowing.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;conclusion:Fortyyearsago...anactivityconsideredunpleasant.
d. Argument;conclusion:Thereappearstobe...betweenmenandwomen. v v
e. Argument;conclusion:Womentodayareworkingmoreandrelaxingless. v v v
ANS: D v PTS: 2
v v
2. Leadistoxic,butdoyouknowwhy?Leadistoxicmainlybecauseitpreferentiallyreplacesothermetalsin
v v
biochemicalreactions.Insodoingitinterfereswiththeproteinsthatregulatebloodpressure(whichcancause
v v v v v v
developmentdelaysinchildrenandhighbloodpressureinadults),hemeproduction(whichcanleadto
v v v v v
anemia),andspermproduction.Leadalsodisplacescalciuminthereactionsthattransmitelectrical
v v v
impulsesinthebrain,whichdiminishestheabilitytothinkandrecallinformation.
v v
AnneMarieHelmstine,"YourGuidetoChemistry" v
a. Argument;conclusion:Itinterfereswiththeproteins...andspermproduction. v
b. Argument;conclusion:Leadistoxic. v
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument;conclusion:Itpreferentiallyreplacesothermetalsinbiochemicalreactions. v
e. Argument;conclusion:Leadalsodisplacescalcium...recallinformation.
ANS: C v PTS: 2
v v
3. Aristotlefocusedonclarifyingtheconceptofvirtueitself.Hearguedthatitwasvirtuoustochoosetheproper v
amountofemotionand/oractioncalledforinaparticularsituationandthatextremesofemotionandaction
v v v
werevices.Inallcommunitiestherearesomemenofpracticalwisdomwhohavethecapacitytojudgewisely.
v v v
Aristotlearguedthattheyhavethecapacitytofollowthe"rightrule"whateverthesituation.
v
DavidCooper,ValuePluralismandEthicalChoice
a. Argument;conclusion:Inallcommunities...capacitytojudgewisely. v
b. Argument;conclusion:Aristotlefocusedonclarifyingtheconceptofvirtueitself.
c. Argument;conclusion:Theyhavethecapacitytofollow...thesituation.
d. Argument;conclusion:Hearguedthatitwasvirtuous...werevices v v
e. Nonargument.
ANS: E v PTS: 2
v v
4. Illegalimmigrantspaylocalsalestaxes,andmanyofthemalsopaystate,local,andfederalincometaxand
v v
SocialSecuritytax.Theyalsopurchaseitemsfromlocalmerchants,increasingtheamountthesemerchants
v v
payintaxes.Inaddition,theyworkforlowsalaries,whichincreasestheearningsoftheiremployersandthe
v
amountoftaxestheseemployerspay.Thus,itisnotcorrecttosaythatillegalimmigrantscontributenothingto
v
thecommunitiesinwhichtheylive.
v v
a. Argument;conclusion:Itisnotcorrecttosay...communitiesinwhichtheylive. v v v
b. Argument;conclusion:Theyworkforlowsalaries...theseemployerspay. v
1
, c. Argument;conclusion:Illegalimmigrantspay...SocialSecuritytax.
d. Argument;conclusion:Theyalsopurchaseitems...payintaxes.
e. Nonargument.
ANS: A v PTS: 2
v v
5. Numerousstudieshaveindicatedthatwomenofcolor,blackwomeninparticular,areover-arrested,over-
v
indicted,andover-sentenced.African-Americanwomenareseventimesmorelikelytobearrestedfor
v
prostitutionthanwomenofotherethnicgroups.Blackwomenhavereceivedsignificantlylongersentences
v v
forcrimesagainstpropertyandservedlongerperiodsinprison.Forbothmurderand drugoffenses,
v v v v
Euroamericanwomenendedupservingone-thirdlesstimeforthesameoffensesthanblackwomen.
v v
NancyKurshan,"WomenandImprisonmentintheU.S." v
a. Argument;conclusion:African-Americanwomen...otherethnicgroups.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;conclusion:Forbothmurderanddrugoffenses...blackwomen. v v v
d. Argument;conclusion:Numerousstudieshaveindicated...over-sentenced. v
e. Argument;conclusion:Blackwomenhavereceived...longerperiodsinprison.
v v
ANS: B v PTS: 2
v v
6. It'sevenmoreimportantthesedaysthatyourcomputerbeprotectedbyafirewall.Therearecriminal
v
elementslurkingintheshadowsofcyberspacewhosendoutprobestodetectunprotectedPCs.Oncea
v v v
vulnerablecomputerisfound,thesecriminalsinstallsoftwarethatassiststhemincommittingidentitytheft
v v
andfencingstolenIDs.Theyalsodefraudonlineadvertisersbyusingthesezombiecomputerstovisitpay-
v v v
per-clickads.
v
a. Argument;conclusion:Therearecriminalelements...todetectunprotectedPCs.
b. Argument;conclusion:Onceavulnerablecomputer...fencingstolenIDs.
v v
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument;conclusion:Theyalsodefraud...tovisitpay-per-clickads.
e. Argument;conclusion:It'sevenmoreimportant...protectedbyafirewall. v v
ANS: E v PTS: 2
v v
7. Theearthisofinteresttoastronomyformanyreasons.Nearlyallobservationsmustbemadethroughthe
atmosphere,andthephenomenaoftheupperatmosphereandthemagnetospherereflectthestateof
v v v
interplanetaryspace.Theearthisalsothemostimportantobjectofcomparisonforplanetologists.
v
HannuKarttunen,etal.,FundamentalAstronomy
a. Argument;conclusion:Thephenomena...stateofinterplanetaryspace.
b. Argument;conclusion:Theearthisalso...forplanetologists. v
c. Argument;conclusion:Theearthisofinteresttoastronomy. v
d. Nonargument.
e. Argument;conclusion:Nearlyallobservations...throughtheatmosphere. v
ANS: C v PTS: 2
v v
8. Ifthetradeintigerproductsisbanned,tigerreservesareguardedbywellequippedstaff,communities
abuttingtigerhabitataregivenastakeinprotectingtigers,andthemakersoftraditionalmedicinescanbe
v v v v
persuadedthattigerpartsarenotneeded,thentigerpoachingwillbehalted,habitatandlifesustainingprey
v v
willberestored,andtheimmanentextinctionoftigersinthewildwillbeaverted.
v
a. Nonargument.
b. Argument;conclusion:Thetradeintigerproductsisbanned. v
c. Argument;conclusion:Tigerpoachingwillbehalted. v
d. Argument;conclusion:Themakersoftraditionalmedicines...notneeded.
e. Argument;conclusion:Tigerpoachingwillbehalted...willbeaverted. v
2
, ANS: A v PTS: 2
v v
9. Humansarebiologicalorganisms.Tounderstandourbehaviorandmentalprocesses,weneedtounderstand
theirbiologicalunderpinnings,startingwiththecellularlevel,theneuron.Howwefeel,learn,remember,
v v
andthinkallstemfromneuronalactivity.So,howaneuronworksandhowneuronscommunicatearecrucial
v v v
piecesofinformationinsolvingthepuzzleofhumanbehaviorandmentalprocessing.
v v
RichardGriggs,Psychology:AConciseIntroduction
a. Argument;conclusion:Tounderstandourbehavior...theneuron.
v
b. Argument;conclusion:Humansarebiologicalorganisms.
c. Argument;conclusion:Howwefeel...neuronalactivity.
d. Argument;conclusion:Howaneuronworks...mentalprocessing.
v v
e. Nonargument.
ANS: D v PTS: 2
v v
10. Virusesareacellularentitiestoosmalltobeseenwithalightmicroscope.Theyarecomposedofanucleicacid v
andafewproteins.Virusesreplicatethemselvesanddisplayotherpropertiesoflivingorganismsonlywhen
v v
theyhaveinvadedlivingcells.Indeed,somevirusescanbecrystallizedandstoredinacontaineronashelffor
v v v
years,buttheyretainthecapacitytoinvadecellsandcausedisease.
v
JacquelynC.Black,Microbiology:PrinciplesandExplorations
a. Argument;conclusion:Theyarecomposedofanucleicacidanda fewproteins.
v v
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;conclusion:Virusesareacellularentities...microscope. v
d. Argument;conclusion:Indeed,somevirusescanbecrystallized...causedisease. v
e. Argument;conclusion:Virusesreplicatethemselves...invadedlivingcells.
ANS: B v PTS: 2
v v
11. Harnessingtheclean,abundantenergyofthesunandwindiscriticaltosolvingtheglobalwarmingproblem. v v v
Technologicaladvanceshavebroughtthecostofelectricitygeneratedbythewinddownby82percentsince
v v v v
1981.Solarenergytechnologyhasmaderemarkableprogressasnewphotovoltaiccellshavebeen
v
developedtoconvertevengreateramountsofsunlightdirectlyintoelectricity.Todaythecostsofwindand
v v
solarpowerarebecomingcompetitivewithdirtycoal-firedplants.
v
SierraClub,"GlobalWarmingSolutions"
a. Argument;conclusion:Todaythecostsofwind...dirtycoal-firedplants.
b. Argument;conclusion:Technologicaladvances...by82percentsince1981. v
c. Argument;conclusion:Harnessingtheclean...theglobalwarmingproblem.
v v
d. Nonargument.
e. Argument;conclusion:Solarenergytechnology...directlyintoelectricity.
ANS: D v PTS: 2
v v
12. Itislikelythatinnocentprisonersinthiscountryhavebeenexecutedforcrimestheydidnotcommit.From
v v
1973until2007,124deathrowinmateshavebeenexonerated.InmanyofthesecasesDNAevidenceplayeda
v
crucialrole.Yet,inthatsametimeframe,morethan1000prisonerswereexecuted.Formanyofthese
v v
prisonersnoDNAevidencewasavailable.Ifsuchevidencehadbeenavailable,howmaymorewouldhave
v v v v v
beenexonerated?
v
a. Argument;conclusion:Inmanyofthesecases...playeda crucialrole. v
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;conclusion:From1973...havebeenexonerated.
d. Argument;conclusion:Formanyoftheseprisoners...wasavailable.
e. Argument;conclusion:Itislikelythatinnocentprisoners...theydidnotcommit.
v v v
3
TESTBANKFORACONCISE
b v INTRODUCTION TOLOGIC 13THEDITION
v v v b v b
BYPATRICKJ.HURLEY,LORIWATSON
,Chapter1TestA
MULTIPLECHOICE
INSTRUCTIONS:Thefollowingselectionsrelatetodistinguishingargumentsfromnonargumentsand
v v
identifyingconclusions.Select thebestanswerforeach.
v v v
1. Thereappearstobeagrowinghappinessgapbetweenmenandwomen.Womentodayareworkingmore
v v
andrelaxingless,whilemenareworkinglessandrelaxingmore.Fortyyearsagoatypicalwomanspent
v v v
40minutesmoreperweekthanthetypicalmanperforminganactivityconsideredunpleasant.Today,
v v v
withmenworkingless,thegapis90minutesandgrowing.
v v
a. Argument;conclusion:Today...thegapis90minutesandgrowing.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;conclusion:Fortyyearsago...anactivityconsideredunpleasant.
d. Argument;conclusion:Thereappearstobe...betweenmenandwomen. v v
e. Argument;conclusion:Womentodayareworkingmoreandrelaxingless. v v v
ANS: D v PTS: 2
v v
2. Leadistoxic,butdoyouknowwhy?Leadistoxicmainlybecauseitpreferentiallyreplacesothermetalsin
v v
biochemicalreactions.Insodoingitinterfereswiththeproteinsthatregulatebloodpressure(whichcancause
v v v v v v
developmentdelaysinchildrenandhighbloodpressureinadults),hemeproduction(whichcanleadto
v v v v v
anemia),andspermproduction.Leadalsodisplacescalciuminthereactionsthattransmitelectrical
v v v
impulsesinthebrain,whichdiminishestheabilitytothinkandrecallinformation.
v v
AnneMarieHelmstine,"YourGuidetoChemistry" v
a. Argument;conclusion:Itinterfereswiththeproteins...andspermproduction. v
b. Argument;conclusion:Leadistoxic. v
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument;conclusion:Itpreferentiallyreplacesothermetalsinbiochemicalreactions. v
e. Argument;conclusion:Leadalsodisplacescalcium...recallinformation.
ANS: C v PTS: 2
v v
3. Aristotlefocusedonclarifyingtheconceptofvirtueitself.Hearguedthatitwasvirtuoustochoosetheproper v
amountofemotionand/oractioncalledforinaparticularsituationandthatextremesofemotionandaction
v v v
werevices.Inallcommunitiestherearesomemenofpracticalwisdomwhohavethecapacitytojudgewisely.
v v v
Aristotlearguedthattheyhavethecapacitytofollowthe"rightrule"whateverthesituation.
v
DavidCooper,ValuePluralismandEthicalChoice
a. Argument;conclusion:Inallcommunities...capacitytojudgewisely. v
b. Argument;conclusion:Aristotlefocusedonclarifyingtheconceptofvirtueitself.
c. Argument;conclusion:Theyhavethecapacitytofollow...thesituation.
d. Argument;conclusion:Hearguedthatitwasvirtuous...werevices v v
e. Nonargument.
ANS: E v PTS: 2
v v
4. Illegalimmigrantspaylocalsalestaxes,andmanyofthemalsopaystate,local,andfederalincometaxand
v v
SocialSecuritytax.Theyalsopurchaseitemsfromlocalmerchants,increasingtheamountthesemerchants
v v
payintaxes.Inaddition,theyworkforlowsalaries,whichincreasestheearningsoftheiremployersandthe
v
amountoftaxestheseemployerspay.Thus,itisnotcorrecttosaythatillegalimmigrantscontributenothingto
v
thecommunitiesinwhichtheylive.
v v
a. Argument;conclusion:Itisnotcorrecttosay...communitiesinwhichtheylive. v v v
b. Argument;conclusion:Theyworkforlowsalaries...theseemployerspay. v
1
, c. Argument;conclusion:Illegalimmigrantspay...SocialSecuritytax.
d. Argument;conclusion:Theyalsopurchaseitems...payintaxes.
e. Nonargument.
ANS: A v PTS: 2
v v
5. Numerousstudieshaveindicatedthatwomenofcolor,blackwomeninparticular,areover-arrested,over-
v
indicted,andover-sentenced.African-Americanwomenareseventimesmorelikelytobearrestedfor
v
prostitutionthanwomenofotherethnicgroups.Blackwomenhavereceivedsignificantlylongersentences
v v
forcrimesagainstpropertyandservedlongerperiodsinprison.Forbothmurderand drugoffenses,
v v v v
Euroamericanwomenendedupservingone-thirdlesstimeforthesameoffensesthanblackwomen.
v v
NancyKurshan,"WomenandImprisonmentintheU.S." v
a. Argument;conclusion:African-Americanwomen...otherethnicgroups.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;conclusion:Forbothmurderanddrugoffenses...blackwomen. v v v
d. Argument;conclusion:Numerousstudieshaveindicated...over-sentenced. v
e. Argument;conclusion:Blackwomenhavereceived...longerperiodsinprison.
v v
ANS: B v PTS: 2
v v
6. It'sevenmoreimportantthesedaysthatyourcomputerbeprotectedbyafirewall.Therearecriminal
v
elementslurkingintheshadowsofcyberspacewhosendoutprobestodetectunprotectedPCs.Oncea
v v v
vulnerablecomputerisfound,thesecriminalsinstallsoftwarethatassiststhemincommittingidentitytheft
v v
andfencingstolenIDs.Theyalsodefraudonlineadvertisersbyusingthesezombiecomputerstovisitpay-
v v v
per-clickads.
v
a. Argument;conclusion:Therearecriminalelements...todetectunprotectedPCs.
b. Argument;conclusion:Onceavulnerablecomputer...fencingstolenIDs.
v v
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument;conclusion:Theyalsodefraud...tovisitpay-per-clickads.
e. Argument;conclusion:It'sevenmoreimportant...protectedbyafirewall. v v
ANS: E v PTS: 2
v v
7. Theearthisofinteresttoastronomyformanyreasons.Nearlyallobservationsmustbemadethroughthe
atmosphere,andthephenomenaoftheupperatmosphereandthemagnetospherereflectthestateof
v v v
interplanetaryspace.Theearthisalsothemostimportantobjectofcomparisonforplanetologists.
v
HannuKarttunen,etal.,FundamentalAstronomy
a. Argument;conclusion:Thephenomena...stateofinterplanetaryspace.
b. Argument;conclusion:Theearthisalso...forplanetologists. v
c. Argument;conclusion:Theearthisofinteresttoastronomy. v
d. Nonargument.
e. Argument;conclusion:Nearlyallobservations...throughtheatmosphere. v
ANS: C v PTS: 2
v v
8. Ifthetradeintigerproductsisbanned,tigerreservesareguardedbywellequippedstaff,communities
abuttingtigerhabitataregivenastakeinprotectingtigers,andthemakersoftraditionalmedicinescanbe
v v v v
persuadedthattigerpartsarenotneeded,thentigerpoachingwillbehalted,habitatandlifesustainingprey
v v
willberestored,andtheimmanentextinctionoftigersinthewildwillbeaverted.
v
a. Nonargument.
b. Argument;conclusion:Thetradeintigerproductsisbanned. v
c. Argument;conclusion:Tigerpoachingwillbehalted. v
d. Argument;conclusion:Themakersoftraditionalmedicines...notneeded.
e. Argument;conclusion:Tigerpoachingwillbehalted...willbeaverted. v
2
, ANS: A v PTS: 2
v v
9. Humansarebiologicalorganisms.Tounderstandourbehaviorandmentalprocesses,weneedtounderstand
theirbiologicalunderpinnings,startingwiththecellularlevel,theneuron.Howwefeel,learn,remember,
v v
andthinkallstemfromneuronalactivity.So,howaneuronworksandhowneuronscommunicatearecrucial
v v v
piecesofinformationinsolvingthepuzzleofhumanbehaviorandmentalprocessing.
v v
RichardGriggs,Psychology:AConciseIntroduction
a. Argument;conclusion:Tounderstandourbehavior...theneuron.
v
b. Argument;conclusion:Humansarebiologicalorganisms.
c. Argument;conclusion:Howwefeel...neuronalactivity.
d. Argument;conclusion:Howaneuronworks...mentalprocessing.
v v
e. Nonargument.
ANS: D v PTS: 2
v v
10. Virusesareacellularentitiestoosmalltobeseenwithalightmicroscope.Theyarecomposedofanucleicacid v
andafewproteins.Virusesreplicatethemselvesanddisplayotherpropertiesoflivingorganismsonlywhen
v v
theyhaveinvadedlivingcells.Indeed,somevirusescanbecrystallizedandstoredinacontaineronashelffor
v v v
years,buttheyretainthecapacitytoinvadecellsandcausedisease.
v
JacquelynC.Black,Microbiology:PrinciplesandExplorations
a. Argument;conclusion:Theyarecomposedofanucleicacidanda fewproteins.
v v
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;conclusion:Virusesareacellularentities...microscope. v
d. Argument;conclusion:Indeed,somevirusescanbecrystallized...causedisease. v
e. Argument;conclusion:Virusesreplicatethemselves...invadedlivingcells.
ANS: B v PTS: 2
v v
11. Harnessingtheclean,abundantenergyofthesunandwindiscriticaltosolvingtheglobalwarmingproblem. v v v
Technologicaladvanceshavebroughtthecostofelectricitygeneratedbythewinddownby82percentsince
v v v v
1981.Solarenergytechnologyhasmaderemarkableprogressasnewphotovoltaiccellshavebeen
v
developedtoconvertevengreateramountsofsunlightdirectlyintoelectricity.Todaythecostsofwindand
v v
solarpowerarebecomingcompetitivewithdirtycoal-firedplants.
v
SierraClub,"GlobalWarmingSolutions"
a. Argument;conclusion:Todaythecostsofwind...dirtycoal-firedplants.
b. Argument;conclusion:Technologicaladvances...by82percentsince1981. v
c. Argument;conclusion:Harnessingtheclean...theglobalwarmingproblem.
v v
d. Nonargument.
e. Argument;conclusion:Solarenergytechnology...directlyintoelectricity.
ANS: D v PTS: 2
v v
12. Itislikelythatinnocentprisonersinthiscountryhavebeenexecutedforcrimestheydidnotcommit.From
v v
1973until2007,124deathrowinmateshavebeenexonerated.InmanyofthesecasesDNAevidenceplayeda
v
crucialrole.Yet,inthatsametimeframe,morethan1000prisonerswereexecuted.Formanyofthese
v v
prisonersnoDNAevidencewasavailable.Ifsuchevidencehadbeenavailable,howmaymorewouldhave
v v v v v
beenexonerated?
v
a. Argument;conclusion:Inmanyofthesecases...playeda crucialrole. v
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;conclusion:From1973...havebeenexonerated.
d. Argument;conclusion:Formanyoftheseprisoners...wasavailable.
e. Argument;conclusion:Itislikelythatinnocentprisoners...theydidnotcommit.
v v v
3
