TEST BANK FOR FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
12TH EDITION BY PATRICIA A. POTTER RN ,
ANNE G. PERRY
Fundamentals Exam 1 (Potter & Perry Chapter
Practice Questions)
A patient has been on Answer: A
bed rest for over 4 days. Rationale: Immobility disrupts normal metabolic
On assessment, the nurse functioning: decreasing the metabolic rate; altering
identifies the following as the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins;
a sign associated with causing fluid, electrolyte, and calcium imbalances;
immobility: and causing gastrointestinal disturbances such as
A. Decreased peristalsis decreased appetite and slowing of peristalsis.
B. Decreased heart rate
C. Increased blood
pressure
D. Increased urinary
output
,A nurse is caring for an Answer: A
older adult who has had a Rationale: The trapeze bar allows the patient to pull
fractured hip repaired. In with the upper extremities to raise the trunk off the
the first few bed, aid in transfer from bed to wheelchair, or
postoperative days, which perform upper-arm exercises. It increases
of the following nursing independence and maintains upper body strength to
measures will best help in performing activities of daily living.
facilitate the resumption
of activities of daily living
for this patient?
A. Encouraging use of an
overhead trapeze for
positioning and transfer.
B. Frequent family visits
C. Assisting the patient to
a wheelchair once per day
D. Ensuring that there is an
order for physical therapy
An older-adult patient Answer: D
has been bedridden for 2 Rationale: Patients whose mobility is restricted require
weeks. Which of the range-of-motion (ROM) exercises daily to reduce the
following complaints by hazards of immobility. Temporary immobilization
the patient indicates to results in some muscle atrophy, loss of muscle tone,
the nurse that he or she is and joint stiffness. Two weeks of joint immobilization
developing a without ROM can quickly result in contractures.
complication of
immobility?
A. Loss of appetite
B. Gum soreness
C. Difficulty swallowing
D. Left-ankle joint stiffness
,The nurse is caring for a Answer: A
patient whose calcium Rationale: Teach patient and/or caregiver the current
intake must increase recommended dietary allowances for calcium and
because of high risk review foods high in calcium (e.g., milk fortified with
factors for osteoporosis. vitamin D, leafy green vegetables, yogurt, and
Which of the following cheese).
menus should the nurse
recommend?
A. Cream of broccoli soup
with whole wheat
crackers, cheese, and
tapioca for dessert
B. Hot dog on whole
wheat bun with a side
salad and an apple for
dessert
C. Low-fat turkey chili with
sour cream with a side
salad and fresh pears for
dessert
D. Turkey salad on toast
with tomato and lettuce
and honey bun for dessert
A patient on prolonged Answer: C
bed rest is at an Rationale: Immobility is a major risk factor for pressure
increased risk to develop ulcers. Any break in the integrity of the skin is difficult
this common to heal. Preventing a pressure ulcer is much less
complication of expensive than treating one; therefore preventive
immobility if preventive nursing interventions are imperative.
measures are not taken:
A. Myoclonus
B. Pathological fractures
C. Pressure ulcers
D. Pruritus
, To prevent complications Answer: B
of immobility, what would Rationale: Prevention of complications of immobility
be the most effective begins when the patient becomes immobilized. Every
activity on the first 30 minutes is not necessary and disruptive to the
postoperative day for a healing process. Active patient participation in
patient who has had exercises is more beneficial to preventing venous
abdominal surgery? stasis.
A. Turn, cough, and deep
breathe every 30 minutes
while awake
B. Ambulate patient to
chair in the hall
C. Passive range of motion
4 times a day
D. Immobility is not a
concern the first
postoperative day
Which of the following Answer: D
nursing interventions Rationale: Incentive spirometry opens the airway,
should be implemented preventing atelectasis.
to maintain a patent
airway in a patient on bed
rest?
A. Isometric exercises
B. Administration of low-
dose heparin
C. Suctioning every 4
hours
D. Use of incentive
spirometer every 2 hours
while awake
12TH EDITION BY PATRICIA A. POTTER RN ,
ANNE G. PERRY
Fundamentals Exam 1 (Potter & Perry Chapter
Practice Questions)
A patient has been on Answer: A
bed rest for over 4 days. Rationale: Immobility disrupts normal metabolic
On assessment, the nurse functioning: decreasing the metabolic rate; altering
identifies the following as the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins;
a sign associated with causing fluid, electrolyte, and calcium imbalances;
immobility: and causing gastrointestinal disturbances such as
A. Decreased peristalsis decreased appetite and slowing of peristalsis.
B. Decreased heart rate
C. Increased blood
pressure
D. Increased urinary
output
,A nurse is caring for an Answer: A
older adult who has had a Rationale: The trapeze bar allows the patient to pull
fractured hip repaired. In with the upper extremities to raise the trunk off the
the first few bed, aid in transfer from bed to wheelchair, or
postoperative days, which perform upper-arm exercises. It increases
of the following nursing independence and maintains upper body strength to
measures will best help in performing activities of daily living.
facilitate the resumption
of activities of daily living
for this patient?
A. Encouraging use of an
overhead trapeze for
positioning and transfer.
B. Frequent family visits
C. Assisting the patient to
a wheelchair once per day
D. Ensuring that there is an
order for physical therapy
An older-adult patient Answer: D
has been bedridden for 2 Rationale: Patients whose mobility is restricted require
weeks. Which of the range-of-motion (ROM) exercises daily to reduce the
following complaints by hazards of immobility. Temporary immobilization
the patient indicates to results in some muscle atrophy, loss of muscle tone,
the nurse that he or she is and joint stiffness. Two weeks of joint immobilization
developing a without ROM can quickly result in contractures.
complication of
immobility?
A. Loss of appetite
B. Gum soreness
C. Difficulty swallowing
D. Left-ankle joint stiffness
,The nurse is caring for a Answer: A
patient whose calcium Rationale: Teach patient and/or caregiver the current
intake must increase recommended dietary allowances for calcium and
because of high risk review foods high in calcium (e.g., milk fortified with
factors for osteoporosis. vitamin D, leafy green vegetables, yogurt, and
Which of the following cheese).
menus should the nurse
recommend?
A. Cream of broccoli soup
with whole wheat
crackers, cheese, and
tapioca for dessert
B. Hot dog on whole
wheat bun with a side
salad and an apple for
dessert
C. Low-fat turkey chili with
sour cream with a side
salad and fresh pears for
dessert
D. Turkey salad on toast
with tomato and lettuce
and honey bun for dessert
A patient on prolonged Answer: C
bed rest is at an Rationale: Immobility is a major risk factor for pressure
increased risk to develop ulcers. Any break in the integrity of the skin is difficult
this common to heal. Preventing a pressure ulcer is much less
complication of expensive than treating one; therefore preventive
immobility if preventive nursing interventions are imperative.
measures are not taken:
A. Myoclonus
B. Pathological fractures
C. Pressure ulcers
D. Pruritus
, To prevent complications Answer: B
of immobility, what would Rationale: Prevention of complications of immobility
be the most effective begins when the patient becomes immobilized. Every
activity on the first 30 minutes is not necessary and disruptive to the
postoperative day for a healing process. Active patient participation in
patient who has had exercises is more beneficial to preventing venous
abdominal surgery? stasis.
A. Turn, cough, and deep
breathe every 30 minutes
while awake
B. Ambulate patient to
chair in the hall
C. Passive range of motion
4 times a day
D. Immobility is not a
concern the first
postoperative day
Which of the following Answer: D
nursing interventions Rationale: Incentive spirometry opens the airway,
should be implemented preventing atelectasis.
to maintain a patent
airway in a patient on bed
rest?
A. Isometric exercises
B. Administration of low-
dose heparin
C. Suctioning every 4
hours
D. Use of incentive
spirometer every 2 hours
while awake
