Unit 4: Causes of Dysphagia || 100% no Error.
UMN lesions are associated with... correct answers normal or increased reflexes
late and mild atrophy
normal or increased tone
LMN lesions are associated with... correct answers decreased or absent reflexes
rapid and severe atrophy
decreased or absent tone
Types of strokes (analogies) ischemic:__________
hemorrhagic:_________
TIA: __________ correct answers ischemic: blood clot
hemorrhagic: bleed burst
TIA: small blockages
CVA & Dysphagia correct answers Occurs in 20-80% of 'acute' stroke cases
50-90% of cases will show rapid improvement
Persistent dysphagia continues in 20-50% of cases
of these, 50% aspiration and 35% develop AP
What is the leading cause of re-hospitalization in acute stroke? correct answers aspiration
pneumonia
(AP contributes to >50% of deaths in the first 30-days post stroke)
True or false? 50% of stroke patients will die of pneumonia? correct answers FALSE
(if a stroke patient dies in first 30-days post-stroke it is 50% likely it was caused by AP)
, Silent aspiration correct answers aspiration without sensation --> no overt signs of coughing or
throat clears
occurs in 2-66% of post-stroke dysphagia cases
common cause of pneumonia
What are some indications for an instrumental Ax? correct answers 1. Aspiration pneumonia
2. Coughing
3. Wet voice
3. Difficulty with nutrition/hydration
Highlights of the Acute Stage correct answers Screening or bedside eval must get done ASAP
Pt status is changing rapidly at this stage --> re-Ax frequently
TBI & Dysphagia correct answers Heterogenic by nature (variable in location, cause, severity)
Prevalence: 20-70%
Requires freq-Ax (just like CVA)
presentation is varied
can involve primitive reflexes (tongue pumping, sucking)
What are some common findings in TBI & Dysphagia? correct answers Residue
Bolus spill
Delay swallow
Cerebral palsy (CP) & Dysphagia correct answers non-progressive neurological motor and
processing disorder --> injury to fetus/infant brain
occurs in 2 to 2.5 per 1,000 live births in developed countries
UMN lesions are associated with... correct answers normal or increased reflexes
late and mild atrophy
normal or increased tone
LMN lesions are associated with... correct answers decreased or absent reflexes
rapid and severe atrophy
decreased or absent tone
Types of strokes (analogies) ischemic:__________
hemorrhagic:_________
TIA: __________ correct answers ischemic: blood clot
hemorrhagic: bleed burst
TIA: small blockages
CVA & Dysphagia correct answers Occurs in 20-80% of 'acute' stroke cases
50-90% of cases will show rapid improvement
Persistent dysphagia continues in 20-50% of cases
of these, 50% aspiration and 35% develop AP
What is the leading cause of re-hospitalization in acute stroke? correct answers aspiration
pneumonia
(AP contributes to >50% of deaths in the first 30-days post stroke)
True or false? 50% of stroke patients will die of pneumonia? correct answers FALSE
(if a stroke patient dies in first 30-days post-stroke it is 50% likely it was caused by AP)
, Silent aspiration correct answers aspiration without sensation --> no overt signs of coughing or
throat clears
occurs in 2-66% of post-stroke dysphagia cases
common cause of pneumonia
What are some indications for an instrumental Ax? correct answers 1. Aspiration pneumonia
2. Coughing
3. Wet voice
3. Difficulty with nutrition/hydration
Highlights of the Acute Stage correct answers Screening or bedside eval must get done ASAP
Pt status is changing rapidly at this stage --> re-Ax frequently
TBI & Dysphagia correct answers Heterogenic by nature (variable in location, cause, severity)
Prevalence: 20-70%
Requires freq-Ax (just like CVA)
presentation is varied
can involve primitive reflexes (tongue pumping, sucking)
What are some common findings in TBI & Dysphagia? correct answers Residue
Bolus spill
Delay swallow
Cerebral palsy (CP) & Dysphagia correct answers non-progressive neurological motor and
processing disorder --> injury to fetus/infant brain
occurs in 2 to 2.5 per 1,000 live births in developed countries
