Straighterline Nutrition Final Already
Passed
muscle wasting, blindness, scurvy, pellagra, beriberi, anemia, rickets, goiter, and a host of other
problems ✔✔Ex undernutrition long-term affects
cognitive development will likely be impaired, ✔✔About 1 billion people, mostly in the
developing world, are affected by iron deficiency.-effects?
are iron, vitamin A, iodide, zinc, and various B vitamins (e.g., folate), as well as selenium and
vitamin C ✔✔The most critical micronutrients missing from diets worldwide are
Xerophthalmia-Blindness from chronic eye infections, restricted growth, dryness, and
keratinization of epithelial tissues ✔✔Vitamin A deficiency
Rickets-Poorly calcified bones, bowed legs, and other bone deformities ✔✔Vitamin D deficiency
Beriberi-Nerve degeneration, altered muscle coordination, and cardiovascular problems
✔✔Thiamin deficiency
Ariboflavinosis-Inflammation of tongue, mouth, face, and oral cavity; nervous system disorders
✔✔Riboflavin deficiency
Pellagra-Diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia ✔✔Niacin deficiency
Megaloblastic anemia-Enlarged red blood cells, fatigue, and weakness ✔✔Folate deficiency
Scurvy-Delayed wound healing, internal bleeding, and abnormal formation of bones and teeth
✔✔Vitamin C deficiency
,Iron-deficiency anemia-Reduced work output, retarded growth, and increased health risk in
pregnancy ✔✔Iron deficiency
Goiter-Enlarged thyroid gland in teenagers and adults, possible mental retardation, and congenital
hypothyroidism ✔✔Iodide deficiency
• Reduced energy and strength
• Diminished concentration
• Impaired ability to learn
• Lowered productivity
• Worsening of chronic health conditions
• Increased susceptibility to infectious diseases
• Deterioration of mood
• Slowed recovery from illness and injury
• Decreased birthweights
• Decreased growth in infants and children ✔✔Effects semi-starvation
For low-income: Electronic benefit transfer (debit) cards are given to purchase food at grocery
stores; the amount is based on size of household and income. ✔✔Supplemental Nutrition
Assistance Program (formerly Food Stamp Program)* program
For low-income: Provides nutrition assistance to needy Americans through distribution of USDA
food commodities. ✔✔The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP)*
Pregnant women, children 0-6 and seniors: USDA surplus foods are distributed by county
agencies; not found in all states; may be based on nutritional risk. ✔✔Commodity Supplemental
Food Program
, Low-income pregnant/lactating women, infants, and children less than 5 years old at nutritional
risk: Coupons are given to purchase milk, cheese, fruit juice, cereal, infant formula, and other
specific food items at grocery stores; includes nutrition education component. Includes new
Farmers' Market Nutrition Program (FMNP). ✔✔Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for
Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)*
low-income children school age: Free or reduced-price lunch is distributed by the school; meal
follows USDA pattern based on MyPlate ✔✔National School Lunch Program*
Low-income school children: Free or reduced-price breakfast is distributed by the school; meal
follows USDA pattern; and cost for the child depends on family income. ✔✔School Breakfast
Program
Children enrolled in organized child-care programs and seniors in adult-care
programs:Reimbursement is given for meals supplied to children at the site; meals must follow
USDA guidelines based on MyPlate. ✔✔Child and Adult Care Food Program
Age 60 or older: Free noon meal is furnished at a site; meal follows specific pattern based on one-
third of nutrient needs. ✔✔Congregate Meals for the Elderly
Age 60 or older: Noon meal is delivered at no cost or for a donation at least 5 days a week.
Sometimes additional meals for later consumption are delivered at the same time; often referred
to as "Meals on Wheels." ✔✔Home-Delivered Meals
Residence in a low-income neighborhood or participation in a program: Free, nutritious meals and
snacks are given to children in a low-income area at a central site, such as a school or a community
center during long school vacations. ✔✔Summer Food Service Program
Low-income American Indian and non-Indian households on reservations; members of federally
recognized tribes: Alternative to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, distributes monthly
Passed
muscle wasting, blindness, scurvy, pellagra, beriberi, anemia, rickets, goiter, and a host of other
problems ✔✔Ex undernutrition long-term affects
cognitive development will likely be impaired, ✔✔About 1 billion people, mostly in the
developing world, are affected by iron deficiency.-effects?
are iron, vitamin A, iodide, zinc, and various B vitamins (e.g., folate), as well as selenium and
vitamin C ✔✔The most critical micronutrients missing from diets worldwide are
Xerophthalmia-Blindness from chronic eye infections, restricted growth, dryness, and
keratinization of epithelial tissues ✔✔Vitamin A deficiency
Rickets-Poorly calcified bones, bowed legs, and other bone deformities ✔✔Vitamin D deficiency
Beriberi-Nerve degeneration, altered muscle coordination, and cardiovascular problems
✔✔Thiamin deficiency
Ariboflavinosis-Inflammation of tongue, mouth, face, and oral cavity; nervous system disorders
✔✔Riboflavin deficiency
Pellagra-Diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia ✔✔Niacin deficiency
Megaloblastic anemia-Enlarged red blood cells, fatigue, and weakness ✔✔Folate deficiency
Scurvy-Delayed wound healing, internal bleeding, and abnormal formation of bones and teeth
✔✔Vitamin C deficiency
,Iron-deficiency anemia-Reduced work output, retarded growth, and increased health risk in
pregnancy ✔✔Iron deficiency
Goiter-Enlarged thyroid gland in teenagers and adults, possible mental retardation, and congenital
hypothyroidism ✔✔Iodide deficiency
• Reduced energy and strength
• Diminished concentration
• Impaired ability to learn
• Lowered productivity
• Worsening of chronic health conditions
• Increased susceptibility to infectious diseases
• Deterioration of mood
• Slowed recovery from illness and injury
• Decreased birthweights
• Decreased growth in infants and children ✔✔Effects semi-starvation
For low-income: Electronic benefit transfer (debit) cards are given to purchase food at grocery
stores; the amount is based on size of household and income. ✔✔Supplemental Nutrition
Assistance Program (formerly Food Stamp Program)* program
For low-income: Provides nutrition assistance to needy Americans through distribution of USDA
food commodities. ✔✔The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP)*
Pregnant women, children 0-6 and seniors: USDA surplus foods are distributed by county
agencies; not found in all states; may be based on nutritional risk. ✔✔Commodity Supplemental
Food Program
, Low-income pregnant/lactating women, infants, and children less than 5 years old at nutritional
risk: Coupons are given to purchase milk, cheese, fruit juice, cereal, infant formula, and other
specific food items at grocery stores; includes nutrition education component. Includes new
Farmers' Market Nutrition Program (FMNP). ✔✔Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for
Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)*
low-income children school age: Free or reduced-price lunch is distributed by the school; meal
follows USDA pattern based on MyPlate ✔✔National School Lunch Program*
Low-income school children: Free or reduced-price breakfast is distributed by the school; meal
follows USDA pattern; and cost for the child depends on family income. ✔✔School Breakfast
Program
Children enrolled in organized child-care programs and seniors in adult-care
programs:Reimbursement is given for meals supplied to children at the site; meals must follow
USDA guidelines based on MyPlate. ✔✔Child and Adult Care Food Program
Age 60 or older: Free noon meal is furnished at a site; meal follows specific pattern based on one-
third of nutrient needs. ✔✔Congregate Meals for the Elderly
Age 60 or older: Noon meal is delivered at no cost or for a donation at least 5 days a week.
Sometimes additional meals for later consumption are delivered at the same time; often referred
to as "Meals on Wheels." ✔✔Home-Delivered Meals
Residence in a low-income neighborhood or participation in a program: Free, nutritious meals and
snacks are given to children in a low-income area at a central site, such as a school or a community
center during long school vacations. ✔✔Summer Food Service Program
Low-income American Indian and non-Indian households on reservations; members of federally
recognized tribes: Alternative to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, distributes monthly
