NSG530 / NSG 530 Exam 4
Advanced Pathophysiology - Wilkes
Actual Questions and Answers
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100% Guarantee Pass.
Multiple-Choice (A–D), For Each Question.
Each Question Includes The Correct Answer
Expert-Verified explanation
1. Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with polycythemia vera (PV)?
- A) Fever and chills
, - B) Fatigue and weakness
- C) Red face, hands, feet, ears, headache, drowsiness
- D) Night sweats
Answer: C
Explanation: Polycythemia vera is characterized by increased red blood cell mass, leading
to symptoms such as ruddy complexion, headaches, dizziness, and drowsiness due to
impaired circulation.
2. What laboratory findings are indicative of polycythemia vera?
- A) Decreased erythrocytes and leukocytes
- B) Increased erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets
- C) Normal blood cell counts
- D) Decreased hemoglobin levels
Answer: B
Explanation: Patients with polycythemia vera typically exhibit elevated levels of red blood
cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets, reflecting the
myeloproliferative nature of the condition.
3. Which myeloproliferative disorder is characterized by increased blood volume and
viscosity?
- A) Essential thrombocythemia
- B) Chronic myeloid leukemia
- C) Polycythemia vera
- D) Myelodysplastic syndrome
Answer: C
Explanation: Polycythemia vera is known for increased blood cell production, resulting in
elevated blood volume (hypervolemia) and viscosity, which can lead to complications like
thrombosis.
,4. A 57-year-old male presents with a red face, headache, and excessive drowsiness. A blood
smear shows increased erythrocytes. What condition does this indicate?
- A) Iron deficiency anemia
- B) Thrombocytopenia
- C) Polycythemia vera (PV)
- D) Aplastic anemia
Answer: C
Explanation: The described symptoms and laboratory findings are characteristic of
polycythemia vera, a myeloproliferative neoplasm resulting in excessive erythrocyte
production.
5. What symptom is a 67-year-old female patient with polycythemia vera most likely to
report?
- A) Swelling in the lower extremities
- B) Chest pain
- C) Nausea
- D) Coughing
Answer: B
Explanation: Chest pain is common in patients with polycythemia vera due to increased
blood viscosity, leading to reduced perfusion and potential ischemic events.
6. What type of inherited disorder are alpha and beta thalassemias classified as?
- A) X-linked dominant
- B) Autosomal dominant
- C) Autosomal recessive
- D) Multifactorial
Answer: C
, Explanation: Both alpha and beta thalassemias are inherited in an autosomal recessive
manner, meaning two copies of the mutated gene are required for the disease to manifest.
7. The presence of abnormal hemoglobin, specifically Hb S, is characteristic of which
condition?
- A) Sickle Cell Disease
- B) Iron Deficiency Anemia
- C) Thalassemia
- D) Aplastic Anemia
Answer: A
Explanation: Hemoglobin S is an abnormal variant resulting from a genetic mutation that
leads to sickle-shaped red blood cells, characteristic of sickle cell disease.
8. Explain the important role of folic acid supplementation for women trying to conceive or
early in pregnancy. What does it prevent?
- A) Anemia
- B) Neural tube defects
- C) Gestational diabetes
- D) Miscarriage
Answer: B
Explanation: Folic acid is essential in preventing neural tube defects, such as spina bifida
and anencephaly, during fetal development, particularly in the early stages of pregnancy.
9. What nutrient should a nurse encourage women in early stages of pregnancy to consume
to prevent neural tube defects?
- A) Iron
- B) Calcium
- C) Vitamin D
- D) Folic acid
Advanced Pathophysiology - Wilkes
Actual Questions and Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
This Exam contains:
100% Guarantee Pass.
Multiple-Choice (A–D), For Each Question.
Each Question Includes The Correct Answer
Expert-Verified explanation
1. Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with polycythemia vera (PV)?
- A) Fever and chills
, - B) Fatigue and weakness
- C) Red face, hands, feet, ears, headache, drowsiness
- D) Night sweats
Answer: C
Explanation: Polycythemia vera is characterized by increased red blood cell mass, leading
to symptoms such as ruddy complexion, headaches, dizziness, and drowsiness due to
impaired circulation.
2. What laboratory findings are indicative of polycythemia vera?
- A) Decreased erythrocytes and leukocytes
- B) Increased erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets
- C) Normal blood cell counts
- D) Decreased hemoglobin levels
Answer: B
Explanation: Patients with polycythemia vera typically exhibit elevated levels of red blood
cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets, reflecting the
myeloproliferative nature of the condition.
3. Which myeloproliferative disorder is characterized by increased blood volume and
viscosity?
- A) Essential thrombocythemia
- B) Chronic myeloid leukemia
- C) Polycythemia vera
- D) Myelodysplastic syndrome
Answer: C
Explanation: Polycythemia vera is known for increased blood cell production, resulting in
elevated blood volume (hypervolemia) and viscosity, which can lead to complications like
thrombosis.
,4. A 57-year-old male presents with a red face, headache, and excessive drowsiness. A blood
smear shows increased erythrocytes. What condition does this indicate?
- A) Iron deficiency anemia
- B) Thrombocytopenia
- C) Polycythemia vera (PV)
- D) Aplastic anemia
Answer: C
Explanation: The described symptoms and laboratory findings are characteristic of
polycythemia vera, a myeloproliferative neoplasm resulting in excessive erythrocyte
production.
5. What symptom is a 67-year-old female patient with polycythemia vera most likely to
report?
- A) Swelling in the lower extremities
- B) Chest pain
- C) Nausea
- D) Coughing
Answer: B
Explanation: Chest pain is common in patients with polycythemia vera due to increased
blood viscosity, leading to reduced perfusion and potential ischemic events.
6. What type of inherited disorder are alpha and beta thalassemias classified as?
- A) X-linked dominant
- B) Autosomal dominant
- C) Autosomal recessive
- D) Multifactorial
Answer: C
, Explanation: Both alpha and beta thalassemias are inherited in an autosomal recessive
manner, meaning two copies of the mutated gene are required for the disease to manifest.
7. The presence of abnormal hemoglobin, specifically Hb S, is characteristic of which
condition?
- A) Sickle Cell Disease
- B) Iron Deficiency Anemia
- C) Thalassemia
- D) Aplastic Anemia
Answer: A
Explanation: Hemoglobin S is an abnormal variant resulting from a genetic mutation that
leads to sickle-shaped red blood cells, characteristic of sickle cell disease.
8. Explain the important role of folic acid supplementation for women trying to conceive or
early in pregnancy. What does it prevent?
- A) Anemia
- B) Neural tube defects
- C) Gestational diabetes
- D) Miscarriage
Answer: B
Explanation: Folic acid is essential in preventing neural tube defects, such as spina bifida
and anencephaly, during fetal development, particularly in the early stages of pregnancy.
9. What nutrient should a nurse encourage women in early stages of pregnancy to consume
to prevent neural tube defects?
- A) Iron
- B) Calcium
- C) Vitamin D
- D) Folic acid
