ESTUDY
NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL
TREATMENTS OVERVIEW UPDATED EXAM WITH MOST
TESTED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | GRADED A+ |
ASSURED SUCCESS WITH DETAILED RATIONALES
**1. What is the heritability rate of ADHD?**
A) 20–30%
B) 40–50%
C) 70–80%
D) 90–100%
** C) 70–80%**
---
**2. Which brain areas are involved in ADHD neurobiology?**
A) Occipital cortex and cerebellum
B) Prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, basal ganglia
C) Temporal lobe and hippocampus
D) Amygdala and hypothalamus
** B) Prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, basal ganglia**
---
,ESTUDY
**3. What does Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta) do?**
A) Increases serotonin
B) Blocks dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake
C) Boosts GABA
D) Blocks calcium channels
** B) Blocks dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake**
---
**4. How do amphetamines (Adderall, Vyvanse) work?**
A) Only block dopamine
B) Only increase norepinephrine
C) Block and increase dopamine and norepinephrine
D) Reduce GABA
** C) Block and increase dopamine and norepinephrine**
---
**5. What is the mechanism of Atomoxetine (Strattera)?**
A) Increases dopamine
B) Serotonin blocker
C) Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
D) GABA enhancer
** C) Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor**
, ESTUDY
---
**6. How do Guanfacine ER and Clonidine ER help ADHD?**
A) Increase dopamine
B) Alpha-2A agonists, reduce sympathetic activity
C) Raise serotonin
D) Boost histamine
** B) Alpha-2A agonists, reduce sympathetic activity**
---
**7. What are common first-line treatments for ADHD (non-stimulants)?**
A) SSRI, SNRI
B) Lithium, Valproate
C) Atomoxetine, Guanfacine, Clonidine
D) Bupropion, Mirtazapine
** C) Atomoxetine, Guanfacine, Clonidine**
---
**8. What are common stimulant side effects?**
A) Sleepiness, weight gain
B) Appetite loss, insomnia, irritability
C) Fever, rash
D) Nausea, dizziness
NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL
TREATMENTS OVERVIEW UPDATED EXAM WITH MOST
TESTED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | GRADED A+ |
ASSURED SUCCESS WITH DETAILED RATIONALES
**1. What is the heritability rate of ADHD?**
A) 20–30%
B) 40–50%
C) 70–80%
D) 90–100%
** C) 70–80%**
---
**2. Which brain areas are involved in ADHD neurobiology?**
A) Occipital cortex and cerebellum
B) Prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, basal ganglia
C) Temporal lobe and hippocampus
D) Amygdala and hypothalamus
** B) Prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, basal ganglia**
---
,ESTUDY
**3. What does Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta) do?**
A) Increases serotonin
B) Blocks dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake
C) Boosts GABA
D) Blocks calcium channels
** B) Blocks dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake**
---
**4. How do amphetamines (Adderall, Vyvanse) work?**
A) Only block dopamine
B) Only increase norepinephrine
C) Block and increase dopamine and norepinephrine
D) Reduce GABA
** C) Block and increase dopamine and norepinephrine**
---
**5. What is the mechanism of Atomoxetine (Strattera)?**
A) Increases dopamine
B) Serotonin blocker
C) Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
D) GABA enhancer
** C) Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor**
, ESTUDY
---
**6. How do Guanfacine ER and Clonidine ER help ADHD?**
A) Increase dopamine
B) Alpha-2A agonists, reduce sympathetic activity
C) Raise serotonin
D) Boost histamine
** B) Alpha-2A agonists, reduce sympathetic activity**
---
**7. What are common first-line treatments for ADHD (non-stimulants)?**
A) SSRI, SNRI
B) Lithium, Valproate
C) Atomoxetine, Guanfacine, Clonidine
D) Bupropion, Mirtazapine
** C) Atomoxetine, Guanfacine, Clonidine**
---
**8. What are common stimulant side effects?**
A) Sleepiness, weight gain
B) Appetite loss, insomnia, irritability
C) Fever, rash
D) Nausea, dizziness
