,Comprehensive Test Bank for Marieb Human Anatomy &
Physiology, 12th Edition (Hoehn, Haynes, Abbott) – Verified
NCLEX/HESI-Style Questions with Rationales
Chapter 1: The Human Body: An
Orientation.
Map: Chapter 1 — 1.1 Form (anatomy) determines function —
Key Concept: Complementarity of structure and function
Stem (≤50 wds): Which statement best explains
"complementarity of structure and function"?
A. Structure and function are unrelated.
B. Function determines structure.
C. Structure enables specific functions.
D. Function can exist without structure.
Answer: C
Rationale (correct): Structure enables specific functions;
anatomical design dictates physiological capability (Marieb
Ch.1, 1.1). Clinically, understanding this guides nursing
assessments (e.g., ROM limitations reflect joint structure).
Rationale (incorrect):
A — false; structure and function are linked.
B — reverses concept; anatomy generally constrains function.
D — incorrect; function typically requires appropriate structure.
Teaching point: Anatomy defines what physiological functions
are possible.
,2
Map: Chapter 1 — 1.1 Topics of Anatomy — Key Concept: Gross
vs microscopic anatomy
Stem: A nurse learning histology is studying which level of
anatomy?
A. Gross anatomy
B. Surface anatomy
C. Microscopic anatomy
D. Regional anatomy
Answer: C
Rationale (correct): Histology examines tissues at the
microscopic level — microscopic anatomy (Marieb Ch.1, Topics
of Anatomy). Nursing relevance: tissue changes inform wound
healing and pathology.
Rationale (incorrect):
A — gross = visible with naked eye.
B — surface = external landmarks.
D — regional = specific body areas, not microscopic.
Teaching point: Histology = microscopic anatomy; vital for
understanding tissue pathology.
3
Map: Chapter 1 — 1.1 Studying Anatomy — Key Concept:
Imaging and dissection methods
Stem: Which technique gives real-time functional imaging of
organs (e.g., heart valve motion)?
, A. Gross dissection
B. Radiography (X-ray)
C. Ultrasonography
D. Surface palpation
Answer: C
Rationale (correct): Ultrasound provides real-time imaging of
moving structures (Marieb Ch.1, Studying Anatomy). Clinically
used for bedside assessments (e.g., FAST exam). (See NIH/CDC
imaging guidelines.)
Rationale (incorrect):
A — dissection is postmortem/anatomic study.
B — X-ray is static; poor for soft tissue motion.
D — palpation is external, not imaging.
Teaching point: Ultrasound is bedside real-time imaging for
moving structures.
4
Map: Chapter 1 — 1.1 Topics of Physiology — Key Concept:
Organ system physiology vs cellular physiology
Stem: Which example best represents cellular physiology?
A. Heart pumping blood
B. Neuron generating an action potential
C. Kidney filtering plasma
D. Lungs exchanging gases
Answer: B
Rationale (correct): Action potentials are cellular events at
Physiology, 12th Edition (Hoehn, Haynes, Abbott) – Verified
NCLEX/HESI-Style Questions with Rationales
Chapter 1: The Human Body: An
Orientation.
Map: Chapter 1 — 1.1 Form (anatomy) determines function —
Key Concept: Complementarity of structure and function
Stem (≤50 wds): Which statement best explains
"complementarity of structure and function"?
A. Structure and function are unrelated.
B. Function determines structure.
C. Structure enables specific functions.
D. Function can exist without structure.
Answer: C
Rationale (correct): Structure enables specific functions;
anatomical design dictates physiological capability (Marieb
Ch.1, 1.1). Clinically, understanding this guides nursing
assessments (e.g., ROM limitations reflect joint structure).
Rationale (incorrect):
A — false; structure and function are linked.
B — reverses concept; anatomy generally constrains function.
D — incorrect; function typically requires appropriate structure.
Teaching point: Anatomy defines what physiological functions
are possible.
,2
Map: Chapter 1 — 1.1 Topics of Anatomy — Key Concept: Gross
vs microscopic anatomy
Stem: A nurse learning histology is studying which level of
anatomy?
A. Gross anatomy
B. Surface anatomy
C. Microscopic anatomy
D. Regional anatomy
Answer: C
Rationale (correct): Histology examines tissues at the
microscopic level — microscopic anatomy (Marieb Ch.1, Topics
of Anatomy). Nursing relevance: tissue changes inform wound
healing and pathology.
Rationale (incorrect):
A — gross = visible with naked eye.
B — surface = external landmarks.
D — regional = specific body areas, not microscopic.
Teaching point: Histology = microscopic anatomy; vital for
understanding tissue pathology.
3
Map: Chapter 1 — 1.1 Studying Anatomy — Key Concept:
Imaging and dissection methods
Stem: Which technique gives real-time functional imaging of
organs (e.g., heart valve motion)?
, A. Gross dissection
B. Radiography (X-ray)
C. Ultrasonography
D. Surface palpation
Answer: C
Rationale (correct): Ultrasound provides real-time imaging of
moving structures (Marieb Ch.1, Studying Anatomy). Clinically
used for bedside assessments (e.g., FAST exam). (See NIH/CDC
imaging guidelines.)
Rationale (incorrect):
A — dissection is postmortem/anatomic study.
B — X-ray is static; poor for soft tissue motion.
D — palpation is external, not imaging.
Teaching point: Ultrasound is bedside real-time imaging for
moving structures.
4
Map: Chapter 1 — 1.1 Topics of Physiology — Key Concept:
Organ system physiology vs cellular physiology
Stem: Which example best represents cellular physiology?
A. Heart pumping blood
B. Neuron generating an action potential
C. Kidney filtering plasma
D. Lungs exchanging gases
Answer: B
Rationale (correct): Action potentials are cellular events at
