,Comprehensive Test Bank for Marieb Human Anatomy &
Physiology, 12th Edition (Hoehn, Haynes, Abbott) – Verified
NCLEX/HESI-Style Questions with Rationales
Chapter 1: The Human Body: An
Orientation.
1.
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 — 1.1 Form (anatomy)
determines function (physiology)
Key Concept: Complementarity of structure and function
Stem: A nurse explains to a student why alveoli are thin-walled.
Which answer best links anatomy to function?
A. Thinner walls resist infection.
B. Thin walls allow rapid gas diffusion.
C. Thin walls store oxygen for long periods.
D. Thinner walls produce surfactant.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (correct): Thin alveolar walls minimize diffusion
distance, maximizing O₂/CO₂ exchange—classic
complementarity of structure and function. (Marieb Ch.1, 1.1
Complementarity of Structure & Function).
Rationale (A): Wall thickness is not primarily for resisting
infection; barriers and immunity do that.
Rationale (C): Alveoli do not store oxygen; they exchange gases
continuously.
,Rationale (D): Type II pneumocytes produce surfactant, not the
thinness itself.
Teaching Point: Structure (thin alveoli) enables efficient gas
diffusion.
2.
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 — 1.2 Body organization: atoms
→ organism
Key Concept: Levels of structural organization
Stem: Which sequence correctly orders levels from smallest to
largest?
A. Organ → Tissue → Cell → Organism
B. Cell → Tissue → Organ → System → Organism
C. Molecule → Organ → Cell → Tissue
D. Tissue → Cell → Organ → Organism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (correct): The accepted hierarchical order is cell →
tissue → organ → organ system → organism. (Marieb Ch.1, 1.2
Body Organization).
Rationale (A): Organs are larger than tissues and cells;
sequence reversed.
Rationale (C): Molecule should precede cell, and organ should
follow tissues — incorrect order.
Rationale (D): Tissue precedes cell, which is incorrect direction.
, Teaching Point: Know the standard hierarchy: molecule → cell
→ tissue → organ → organism.
3.
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 — 1.3 Requirements for life:
movement
Key Concept: Movement at body and cellular levels
Stem: A patient has impaired skeletal muscle contraction.
Which life function is directly compromised?
A. Responsiveness
B. Movement
C. Reproduction
D. Digestion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (correct): Skeletal muscles produce body movements;
impaired contraction reduces movement capacity. (Marieb
Ch.1, 1.3 Necessary Life Functions — Movement).
Rationale (A): Responsiveness relates to stimulus detection and
reaction, not primarily muscle contraction.
Rationale (C): Reproduction is separate (cellular/organismal).
Rationale (D): Digestion involves GI tract, not directly skeletal
muscle contraction for locomotion.
Teaching Point: Muscles enable movement at organismal level.
4.
Physiology, 12th Edition (Hoehn, Haynes, Abbott) – Verified
NCLEX/HESI-Style Questions with Rationales
Chapter 1: The Human Body: An
Orientation.
1.
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 — 1.1 Form (anatomy)
determines function (physiology)
Key Concept: Complementarity of structure and function
Stem: A nurse explains to a student why alveoli are thin-walled.
Which answer best links anatomy to function?
A. Thinner walls resist infection.
B. Thin walls allow rapid gas diffusion.
C. Thin walls store oxygen for long periods.
D. Thinner walls produce surfactant.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (correct): Thin alveolar walls minimize diffusion
distance, maximizing O₂/CO₂ exchange—classic
complementarity of structure and function. (Marieb Ch.1, 1.1
Complementarity of Structure & Function).
Rationale (A): Wall thickness is not primarily for resisting
infection; barriers and immunity do that.
Rationale (C): Alveoli do not store oxygen; they exchange gases
continuously.
,Rationale (D): Type II pneumocytes produce surfactant, not the
thinness itself.
Teaching Point: Structure (thin alveoli) enables efficient gas
diffusion.
2.
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 — 1.2 Body organization: atoms
→ organism
Key Concept: Levels of structural organization
Stem: Which sequence correctly orders levels from smallest to
largest?
A. Organ → Tissue → Cell → Organism
B. Cell → Tissue → Organ → System → Organism
C. Molecule → Organ → Cell → Tissue
D. Tissue → Cell → Organ → Organism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (correct): The accepted hierarchical order is cell →
tissue → organ → organ system → organism. (Marieb Ch.1, 1.2
Body Organization).
Rationale (A): Organs are larger than tissues and cells;
sequence reversed.
Rationale (C): Molecule should precede cell, and organ should
follow tissues — incorrect order.
Rationale (D): Tissue precedes cell, which is incorrect direction.
, Teaching Point: Know the standard hierarchy: molecule → cell
→ tissue → organ → organism.
3.
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 — 1.3 Requirements for life:
movement
Key Concept: Movement at body and cellular levels
Stem: A patient has impaired skeletal muscle contraction.
Which life function is directly compromised?
A. Responsiveness
B. Movement
C. Reproduction
D. Digestion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (correct): Skeletal muscles produce body movements;
impaired contraction reduces movement capacity. (Marieb
Ch.1, 1.3 Necessary Life Functions — Movement).
Rationale (A): Responsiveness relates to stimulus detection and
reaction, not primarily muscle contraction.
Rationale (C): Reproduction is separate (cellular/organismal).
Rationale (D): Digestion involves GI tract, not directly skeletal
muscle contraction for locomotion.
Teaching Point: Muscles enable movement at organismal level.
4.
