NURS 5315: Advanced Pathophysiology GI Module 9,
Exam 5 Questions with 100% Correct Answers |
Updated | Download to score A+
1. Upper GI organs ANS: mouth,pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
2. Lower GI organs ANS: small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus
3. Hepatoportal circulation ANS: hepatic artery receives oxygenated blood
from the inferior mesenteric, gastric, and cystic veins. The hepatic portal vein
receives de- oxygenated blood from the inferior and superior mesenteric vein
and splenic vein and delivers nutrients that have been absorbed from the
intestinal system
4. Osmotic diarrhea ANS: Caused by the presence of a nonabsorbable
substance in the intestines. This pulls water by osmosis into the intestinal lumen
and results in large volume diarrhea. This is how mag citrate, lactulose and miralax
work. Causes include: excessive ingestion of nonabsorbable sugars, tube
feedings, dumping syndrome, malabsorption, pancreatic enzyme deficiency, bile
salt deficiency, small intestine bacterial overgrowth or celiac disease
5. Secretory diarrhea ANS: Results in large volume losses secondary to
infectious causes such as rotavirus, bacterial enterotoxins, or c-diff.
6. Motility diarrhea ANS: AKA short bowel syndrome. Results from resection of
small intestine or surgical bypass of small intestine, IBS, diabetic neuropathy,
hyperthy- roidism, and laxative abuse. Fatty stools and bloating are common in
, malabsorption syndrome. Complications include: dehydration, electrolyte
imbalance, metabolic acidosis, weight loss and malabsorption.
7. Upper GI bleed ANS: bleeding that occurs in the esophagus, stomach or
duodenum commonly caused by bleeding varices, peptic ulcers or Mallory-Weiss
tear(tearing of esophagus from stomach) Characterized by frank, bright red or
coffee ground emesis.
8. Lower GI bleed ANS: Bleeding in the jejunum, ileum, colon or rectum from
inflam- matory bowel disease, cancer, diverticula or hemorrhoids.
Hematochezia, or the presence of bright red blood in the stools, suggest what
kind of bleed
9. Peptic Ulcer Disease ANS: Is a break in the integrity of the mucosa of the
esophagus, stomach or duodenum resulting in exposure of the tissue to gastric
acid. Risk factors include smoking, advanced age, NSAID use, ETOH, chronic
disease, acute pancreatitis, COPD, obesity, socioeconomic status, gastrinoma,
and infection with Helicobacter pylori. S&S: Epigastric pain is worse with eating,
melena or hemateme- sis
10. Duodenal ulcers ANS: most common and tend to develop in younger patients.
S&S: epigastric pain that is relieved by food. Patients may have melena(black and
tarry stool) or hematemesis
11. Ulcerative colitis (UC): ANS Inflammatory disease of the large instestine in
persons 20-40y/o. Less common in people who smoke. Has periods of remission
and ex- acerbations. Characterized by inflammation and ulcerations that remain
superficial and in the small intestine.
Exam 5 Questions with 100% Correct Answers |
Updated | Download to score A+
1. Upper GI organs ANS: mouth,pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
2. Lower GI organs ANS: small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus
3. Hepatoportal circulation ANS: hepatic artery receives oxygenated blood
from the inferior mesenteric, gastric, and cystic veins. The hepatic portal vein
receives de- oxygenated blood from the inferior and superior mesenteric vein
and splenic vein and delivers nutrients that have been absorbed from the
intestinal system
4. Osmotic diarrhea ANS: Caused by the presence of a nonabsorbable
substance in the intestines. This pulls water by osmosis into the intestinal lumen
and results in large volume diarrhea. This is how mag citrate, lactulose and miralax
work. Causes include: excessive ingestion of nonabsorbable sugars, tube
feedings, dumping syndrome, malabsorption, pancreatic enzyme deficiency, bile
salt deficiency, small intestine bacterial overgrowth or celiac disease
5. Secretory diarrhea ANS: Results in large volume losses secondary to
infectious causes such as rotavirus, bacterial enterotoxins, or c-diff.
6. Motility diarrhea ANS: AKA short bowel syndrome. Results from resection of
small intestine or surgical bypass of small intestine, IBS, diabetic neuropathy,
hyperthy- roidism, and laxative abuse. Fatty stools and bloating are common in
, malabsorption syndrome. Complications include: dehydration, electrolyte
imbalance, metabolic acidosis, weight loss and malabsorption.
7. Upper GI bleed ANS: bleeding that occurs in the esophagus, stomach or
duodenum commonly caused by bleeding varices, peptic ulcers or Mallory-Weiss
tear(tearing of esophagus from stomach) Characterized by frank, bright red or
coffee ground emesis.
8. Lower GI bleed ANS: Bleeding in the jejunum, ileum, colon or rectum from
inflam- matory bowel disease, cancer, diverticula or hemorrhoids.
Hematochezia, or the presence of bright red blood in the stools, suggest what
kind of bleed
9. Peptic Ulcer Disease ANS: Is a break in the integrity of the mucosa of the
esophagus, stomach or duodenum resulting in exposure of the tissue to gastric
acid. Risk factors include smoking, advanced age, NSAID use, ETOH, chronic
disease, acute pancreatitis, COPD, obesity, socioeconomic status, gastrinoma,
and infection with Helicobacter pylori. S&S: Epigastric pain is worse with eating,
melena or hemateme- sis
10. Duodenal ulcers ANS: most common and tend to develop in younger patients.
S&S: epigastric pain that is relieved by food. Patients may have melena(black and
tarry stool) or hematemesis
11. Ulcerative colitis (UC): ANS Inflammatory disease of the large instestine in
persons 20-40y/o. Less common in people who smoke. Has periods of remission
and ex- acerbations. Characterized by inflammation and ulcerations that remain
superficial and in the small intestine.
