CMN 574 UNIT 2 MUSCULOSKELETAL EXAM WITH WELL
DETAILED QUESTION & ANSWERS PERFECTLY A+
GRADED WITH RATIONALE NEW UPDATE
Trendelenburg test CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The patient stands and rises one foot and
then the other while the doctor observes the buttocks.
Positive sign is when the buttock drops on the side that the foot is elevated indicating hip
abductor weakness on the stance leg side.
Torticollis Findings CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Chin rotates to the OPPOSITE side of the
spasm
Head tilts toward spasm
Torticollis Cause CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Sternocleidomastoid muscle has been
damaged
,OR
Underlying disease process
-congenital deformity of cervical spine
-Tumors of spinal cord or cerebellum; syringomyelia, or RA
Torticollis Tx CORRECT ANSWER>>>>PASSIVE stretching effective in up to 97% of all
cases
Congenital Deformities CORRECT ANSWER>>>>RARE limb deficiencies (esp lower
limbs is rare) but associated with other congenital probs in femur, tibia, and fibula
Also may have extra digits (polydactyly) or absence of brain matter (anencephaly)
*COMPLETE loss of limb is RARE
PARTIAL ABSENCE more common than loss of limb
Example of congenital limb defect/deformities CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Congenital
longitudinal deficiency of the fibula
Polydactyly (extra digits)
Congenital deformities TX CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Limb lengthening or contralateral
limb shortening
,Removal of part of deformed limb
Prosthetics *early fitting is key
Lower Extremities--> 12 months of age, well tolerated, necessary for balance and walking
Upper Extremities--> 6 months of age, Mitten type, able to "develop" as child grows
Deformities of the Extremities CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Metatarsus Adductus
Talipes Equinovarus
Developmental
Dysplasia of the Hip
Torticollis
Metatarsus Adductus CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Congenital foot deformity causing
INWARD deviation of the forefoot
May be associated with hip dysplasia
Most FLEXIBLE deformities resolve spontaneously (Caused by positioning in utero)
, RIGID deformity has crease in medial aspect of arch
-Serial casting to correct if cannot reposition past midline
-may try corrective shoes
Talipes Equinovarus CORRECT ANSWER>>>>(AKA Clubfoot)
Idiopathic, neurogenic, or rt arthrogryposis or Larsen Syndrome
Check for SPINE anomalies, among others
Idiopathic clubfoot may be hereditary
-Plantar Flexion of the foot at ankle joint (equinus)
-Inversion deformity of the heel (varus)
-Medial deviation of the forefoot (adductus)
Talipes Equinovarus TX CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Preferred
-Ponsetti technique (manipulative technique w/ out invasive surgery)
-Manipulation and stretching of foo
-Serial Casting
-1/wk for 6-8wks
-Night brace req for long-term management
DETAILED QUESTION & ANSWERS PERFECTLY A+
GRADED WITH RATIONALE NEW UPDATE
Trendelenburg test CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The patient stands and rises one foot and
then the other while the doctor observes the buttocks.
Positive sign is when the buttock drops on the side that the foot is elevated indicating hip
abductor weakness on the stance leg side.
Torticollis Findings CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Chin rotates to the OPPOSITE side of the
spasm
Head tilts toward spasm
Torticollis Cause CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Sternocleidomastoid muscle has been
damaged
,OR
Underlying disease process
-congenital deformity of cervical spine
-Tumors of spinal cord or cerebellum; syringomyelia, or RA
Torticollis Tx CORRECT ANSWER>>>>PASSIVE stretching effective in up to 97% of all
cases
Congenital Deformities CORRECT ANSWER>>>>RARE limb deficiencies (esp lower
limbs is rare) but associated with other congenital probs in femur, tibia, and fibula
Also may have extra digits (polydactyly) or absence of brain matter (anencephaly)
*COMPLETE loss of limb is RARE
PARTIAL ABSENCE more common than loss of limb
Example of congenital limb defect/deformities CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Congenital
longitudinal deficiency of the fibula
Polydactyly (extra digits)
Congenital deformities TX CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Limb lengthening or contralateral
limb shortening
,Removal of part of deformed limb
Prosthetics *early fitting is key
Lower Extremities--> 12 months of age, well tolerated, necessary for balance and walking
Upper Extremities--> 6 months of age, Mitten type, able to "develop" as child grows
Deformities of the Extremities CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Metatarsus Adductus
Talipes Equinovarus
Developmental
Dysplasia of the Hip
Torticollis
Metatarsus Adductus CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Congenital foot deformity causing
INWARD deviation of the forefoot
May be associated with hip dysplasia
Most FLEXIBLE deformities resolve spontaneously (Caused by positioning in utero)
, RIGID deformity has crease in medial aspect of arch
-Serial casting to correct if cannot reposition past midline
-may try corrective shoes
Talipes Equinovarus CORRECT ANSWER>>>>(AKA Clubfoot)
Idiopathic, neurogenic, or rt arthrogryposis or Larsen Syndrome
Check for SPINE anomalies, among others
Idiopathic clubfoot may be hereditary
-Plantar Flexion of the foot at ankle joint (equinus)
-Inversion deformity of the heel (varus)
-Medial deviation of the forefoot (adductus)
Talipes Equinovarus TX CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Preferred
-Ponsetti technique (manipulative technique w/ out invasive surgery)
-Manipulation and stretching of foo
-Serial Casting
-1/wk for 6-8wks
-Night brace req for long-term management
