PN2 FINAL EXAM LATEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Risk factors of osteoporosis - (answer) White females over 65, having thin/small bones, history of
fractures, family history, post-menopausal without estrogen therapy, low calcium, excessive alcohol,
corticosteroids, anticonvulsant meds, low testosterone in men, eating disorders, amenorrhea
Bursitis - (answer) Inflammation of bursa from trauma or repetitive motion, usually at elbow, painful
movement, tender in bursa region, crepitus
Lyme disease - (answer) caused by deer ticks which must be attached 24-48 hours, red bullseye may
form. Tick must be infected with the virus
Osteoarthritis - (answer) Slow and steady progressive breakdown of cartilage, nonsytematic, non-
inflammatory disorder that causes bone and joint deterioration. Total hip/knee replacement common
Rheumatoid arthritis - (answer) autoimmune disease @ any age. inflammation involving synovium or
lining of joints. Also effects lungs, heart, vessels, muscles, eyes & skin. Most common in young adults and
women
Fecal diversion candidate - (answer) ostomy, ileostomy, colostomy, ileoanal reservoirs, ulcerative
colitis, crohn's, colon cancer, diverticulitis, trauma injury
Causes of respiratory alkalosis - (answer) Hyperventilation, anxiety, pulmonary embolism, fear,
mechanical ventilation, oxygen toxicity
Potassium - (answer) 3.5-5.5. Maintains normal nerve and muscle activity especially of the heart and
osmotic pressure in cells
Calcium - (answer) 8.5-10.5. Bone and teeth integrity, blood clotting, muscle functioning and nerve
impulse transmission
Bicarbonate - (answer) 19-25 mEq/L
, PN2 FINAL EXAM LATEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Sodium - (answer) 136-145 mEq/L regulates fluid balance through osmotic pressure, stimulates
conduction of nerve impulses and helps maintain neuromuscular activity
Acid - (answer) A molecule that can donate a proton or accept an an electron pair in reactions
Base - (answer) bases are substances which produce hydroxide ions in solution
Buffer - (answer) a solution that resists changes in pH when acid or base is added to it. Buffers typically
involve a weak acid or alkali together with one of its salts
Pre-op nursing focus - (answer) ensure safety, understanding & compliance w/ healthcare treatment.
Collect data from client/family interview, screen risks that may add probs. Ensure tests are performed,
place results in chart, & tell DR of abnormal results
Chronic respiratory disease client post op complications - (answer) Respiratory complications, UTI per
foley, excess bleeding, delayed wound healing, skin breakdown, DVT, imbalanced nutrition, vomiting,
nausea, constipation, abdominal distention
Crohn's disease - (answer) lesions affecting entire thickness of bowel, anorexia, steatorrhea AKA fatty
stool, malnutrition, amino acid malabsorption
Long term complications of crohn's disease - (answer) fistulas, bowel obstruction, fissures,
malabsorption of fats and soluble vitamins, increased colon cancer risk, perforation, abscesses
Keys to effective listening - (answer) active listening, therapeutic communication
Chronic complications of diabetes - (answer) diabetic, peripheral, and autonomic neuropathy,
infection, diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy, vascular changes, cardiovascular complications,
peripheral vascular disease
Risk factors of osteoporosis - (answer) White females over 65, having thin/small bones, history of
fractures, family history, post-menopausal without estrogen therapy, low calcium, excessive alcohol,
corticosteroids, anticonvulsant meds, low testosterone in men, eating disorders, amenorrhea
Bursitis - (answer) Inflammation of bursa from trauma or repetitive motion, usually at elbow, painful
movement, tender in bursa region, crepitus
Lyme disease - (answer) caused by deer ticks which must be attached 24-48 hours, red bullseye may
form. Tick must be infected with the virus
Osteoarthritis - (answer) Slow and steady progressive breakdown of cartilage, nonsytematic, non-
inflammatory disorder that causes bone and joint deterioration. Total hip/knee replacement common
Rheumatoid arthritis - (answer) autoimmune disease @ any age. inflammation involving synovium or
lining of joints. Also effects lungs, heart, vessels, muscles, eyes & skin. Most common in young adults and
women
Fecal diversion candidate - (answer) ostomy, ileostomy, colostomy, ileoanal reservoirs, ulcerative
colitis, crohn's, colon cancer, diverticulitis, trauma injury
Causes of respiratory alkalosis - (answer) Hyperventilation, anxiety, pulmonary embolism, fear,
mechanical ventilation, oxygen toxicity
Potassium - (answer) 3.5-5.5. Maintains normal nerve and muscle activity especially of the heart and
osmotic pressure in cells
Calcium - (answer) 8.5-10.5. Bone and teeth integrity, blood clotting, muscle functioning and nerve
impulse transmission
Bicarbonate - (answer) 19-25 mEq/L
, PN2 FINAL EXAM LATEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Sodium - (answer) 136-145 mEq/L regulates fluid balance through osmotic pressure, stimulates
conduction of nerve impulses and helps maintain neuromuscular activity
Acid - (answer) A molecule that can donate a proton or accept an an electron pair in reactions
Base - (answer) bases are substances which produce hydroxide ions in solution
Buffer - (answer) a solution that resists changes in pH when acid or base is added to it. Buffers typically
involve a weak acid or alkali together with one of its salts
Pre-op nursing focus - (answer) ensure safety, understanding & compliance w/ healthcare treatment.
Collect data from client/family interview, screen risks that may add probs. Ensure tests are performed,
place results in chart, & tell DR of abnormal results
Chronic respiratory disease client post op complications - (answer) Respiratory complications, UTI per
foley, excess bleeding, delayed wound healing, skin breakdown, DVT, imbalanced nutrition, vomiting,
nausea, constipation, abdominal distention
Crohn's disease - (answer) lesions affecting entire thickness of bowel, anorexia, steatorrhea AKA fatty
stool, malnutrition, amino acid malabsorption
Long term complications of crohn's disease - (answer) fistulas, bowel obstruction, fissures,
malabsorption of fats and soluble vitamins, increased colon cancer risk, perforation, abscesses
Keys to effective listening - (answer) active listening, therapeutic communication
Chronic complications of diabetes - (answer) diabetic, peripheral, and autonomic neuropathy,
infection, diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy, vascular changes, cardiovascular complications,
peripheral vascular disease
