N190 PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT WEEK 3
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM, BREAST AND
AXILLARY EXAM WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
What is the Respiratory System Responsible for? -ANSExchange of *gases* in the body
Intake of *O2* and release of *CO2*
Maintain *acid-base* balance
Maintains *body fluids*
Assists with *speech*
Respiratory cycle (*AKA*) -ANSBreathing
or
Respiration
3 sections of the thorax -ANS*Mediastinum*
-Heart
-Trachea
-Esophagus
-Major blood vessels
*Right Pleural Cavity*
*Left Pleural Cavity*
Upper respiratory tract -ANSNose
Mouth
Sinuses
Pharynx
Larynx
,Trachea
Lower respiratory tract -ANSDistal trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
Right=*3 lobes*
Left=*2* lobes
Plural membrane
Mediastinum
Eupnea -ANSRegular, even rhythmic breathing
Dyspnea -ANSChange in this pattern producing
-SOB or difficulty breathing
Respiratory Landmarks (*Bony Landmark*) -ANSClavicles
*Sternum*-1st
Ribs
1-7=*True*
8-10=*False*
11-12=*Floating ribs*
Vertebral Column
Angle of Louis
Apex of the Lungs -ANSSlightly superior to the inner 1/3rd of the clavicle
Base of the lungs -ANSBase is at the level of the diaphragm
Pleural fluid -ANSkeeps the lungs lubricated to *avoid friction* and to allow the lungs to
*glide during inspiration* & *expiration*
Normal Respiration -ANS12-20 per min w/ adults
40-80 per min w/ newborn
, 35 per min by 5 y/o
Special considerations (*Pediatric*) -ANSInfants & Children
Change from *intrauterine* to extra *uterine* breathing
Use *abdominal muscles* for breathing during infancy and early childhood
-more prone to respiratory failure
Special considerations (*Pregnant*) -ANS+2 per minute (*14-22* bpm)
-needs 20% more oxygen than normal
Muscles and cartilage of ribs relax
Inspiratory capacity increases
Mild respiratory alkalosis
Special considerations (*Older adult*) -ANSDecreased in R effciency
Changes in R depth
Decreased cough ability
Increased RR
Special considerations (*Psychosocial*) -ANSStress
Anxiety
Fatigue
Pain
Increases RR
Which are your true ribs -ANS1-7
Which ones are your floating ribs -ANS11-12
Focused Interview (Respiratory System) -ANSGeneral
Illness/infections
Symptoms/behaviors
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM, BREAST AND
AXILLARY EXAM WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
What is the Respiratory System Responsible for? -ANSExchange of *gases* in the body
Intake of *O2* and release of *CO2*
Maintain *acid-base* balance
Maintains *body fluids*
Assists with *speech*
Respiratory cycle (*AKA*) -ANSBreathing
or
Respiration
3 sections of the thorax -ANS*Mediastinum*
-Heart
-Trachea
-Esophagus
-Major blood vessels
*Right Pleural Cavity*
*Left Pleural Cavity*
Upper respiratory tract -ANSNose
Mouth
Sinuses
Pharynx
Larynx
,Trachea
Lower respiratory tract -ANSDistal trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
Right=*3 lobes*
Left=*2* lobes
Plural membrane
Mediastinum
Eupnea -ANSRegular, even rhythmic breathing
Dyspnea -ANSChange in this pattern producing
-SOB or difficulty breathing
Respiratory Landmarks (*Bony Landmark*) -ANSClavicles
*Sternum*-1st
Ribs
1-7=*True*
8-10=*False*
11-12=*Floating ribs*
Vertebral Column
Angle of Louis
Apex of the Lungs -ANSSlightly superior to the inner 1/3rd of the clavicle
Base of the lungs -ANSBase is at the level of the diaphragm
Pleural fluid -ANSkeeps the lungs lubricated to *avoid friction* and to allow the lungs to
*glide during inspiration* & *expiration*
Normal Respiration -ANS12-20 per min w/ adults
40-80 per min w/ newborn
, 35 per min by 5 y/o
Special considerations (*Pediatric*) -ANSInfants & Children
Change from *intrauterine* to extra *uterine* breathing
Use *abdominal muscles* for breathing during infancy and early childhood
-more prone to respiratory failure
Special considerations (*Pregnant*) -ANS+2 per minute (*14-22* bpm)
-needs 20% more oxygen than normal
Muscles and cartilage of ribs relax
Inspiratory capacity increases
Mild respiratory alkalosis
Special considerations (*Older adult*) -ANSDecreased in R effciency
Changes in R depth
Decreased cough ability
Increased RR
Special considerations (*Psychosocial*) -ANSStress
Anxiety
Fatigue
Pain
Increases RR
Which are your true ribs -ANS1-7
Which ones are your floating ribs -ANS11-12
Focused Interview (Respiratory System) -ANSGeneral
Illness/infections
Symptoms/behaviors
