Summary Grade 10 Geography Summaries (Term 1) - Focus

Types of map scale
Using degrees, minutes and seconds
• Word scale – 1 cm on the map represents 500 m on
the ground.
to locate exact position
• Ratio scale – 1:50 000. • 1° = 60 minutes (’).
•
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Fraction scale – 50 000 . • 1 minute = 60 seconds (”).
• Latitude – lines from east to west that measure
• Line scale – a straight line divided into subsections
distance south/north of the equator.
that show the length on the ground of a distance on
the map. • Longitude – lines from north to south that measure
distance east/west of the prime meridian.




Sample
How to measure distances
on a map using scale
C1: Mapwork
skills
Using maps to find places
Locating exact position on a
• Lay a strip of paper with its edge crossing the ‘from’ topographic map
•
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point and ‘to’ point.
Mark the centre of the points on the strip.
Put the strip of paper on the line scale and estimate
the distance of the ‘to’ mark from the values on the
line scale.
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•
Use a pencil to draw a faint line from the point on
the map to the latitude grid bar on the left at a right
angle.
Draw a line from the point to the longitude grid bar
at the top.
• Divide the longitude and latitude grid bar that the
line reaches into 6 (10 seconds each).
• Estimate the coordinates.
Locating an area
• Locate the minute square the area is in – name
the square by giving the coordinates of the top
left corner.




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