ACVREP Orientation & Mobility (O&M) Exam Prep
2025/2026 | Assessment, Techniques, Environmental
Strategies, Travel Skills, Communication & 150+
Practice Questions with Correct Answers
1. Assessment and Evaluation
o Understanding different assessment tools used in O&M.
o Evaluating the individual's mobility needs and preferences.
2. Techniques and Strategies
o Use of white canes and mobility aids.
o Orientation techniques (e.g., cardinal directions, landmarks).
o Mobility strategies for various environments (urban, rural, indoor).
3. Environmental Considerations
o Understanding different types of environments (e.g., residential,
commercial).
o Handling obstacles and barriers in the environment.
4. Travel Skills
o Route planning and travel instructions.
o Use of public transportation and navigating different modes of travel.
5. Communication Skills
o Teaching effective communication techniques.
o Collaborating with other professionals (e.g., teachers, rehabilitation
specialists).
6. Technology in O&M
o Use of assistive technology and apps for navigation.
o Understanding GPS and other navigation aids.
7. Cultural Competency
o Working with diverse populations and understanding cultural differences
in mobility.
8. Legal and Ethical Considerations
o Understanding the rights of individuals with visual impairments.
o Ethical considerations in providing O&M services.
,QUESTION 1:
What is the primary purpose of a functional mobility assessment in O&M?
A) To measure strength and endurance
B) To identify the individual's mobility needs and preferences
C) To evaluate cognitive function
D) To assess visual acuity
ANSWER: B - To identify the individual's mobility needs and preferences
Rationale: Functional mobility assessments are aimed at understanding how
individuals navigate their environments and what specific challenges they face.
QUESTION 2:
Which technique is most effective for teaching a client to navigate an unfamiliar
environment?
A) Landmarking
B) Relying solely on verbal instructions
C) Providing a map
D) Using a guide dog exclusively
ANSWER: A - Landmarking
Rationale: Landmarking helps individuals use recognizable features to orient
themselves in an environment, which can enhance their confidence and independence.
QUESTION 3:
When orienting a client to a new public transportation system, which factor is MOST
important to consider?
A) The client’s physical strength
B) The client’s familiarity with the area
C) The cost of transportation
D) The weather conditions
ANSWER: B - The client’s familiarity with the area
Rationale: Understanding the client's familiarity with the area can guide how you teach
them to navigate the public transportation system effectively.
QUESTION 4:
Which of the following is a key consideration when using technology in O&M?
A) Cost of the technology
B) Client's comfort and proficiency with the technology
C) Availability of the technology
D) Technological advancements in the field
ANSWER: B - Client's comfort and proficiency with the technology
,Rationale: It’s essential to ensure that clients are comfortable and proficient with any
technology used to assist in their mobility.
QUESTION 5:
What is the role of the white cane in orientation and mobility?
A) To signal to others
B) To detect obstacles and changes in terrain
C) To provide support when walking
D) To enhance visibility
ANSWER: B - To detect obstacles and changes in terrain
Rationale: The white cane is primarily used to help individuals with visual impairments
detect obstacles and changes in their environment.
QUESTION 6:
Which of the following is the best way to teach a client to use a cane effectively?
A) Modeling and hands-on practice
B) Providing a written manual
C) Demonstrating in a classroom setting only
D) Using only verbal instructions
ANSWER: A - Modeling and hands-on practice
Rationale: Practical, hands-on experience allows clients to learn through doing, which
is essential for mastering cane techniques.
QUESTION 7:
What is the primary objective of orientation training?
A) To improve physical fitness
B) To help the individual understand their environment
C) To increase speed in mobility
D) To teach social skills
ANSWER: B - To help the individual understand their environment
Rationale: Orientation training focuses on helping clients understand and navigate their
surroundings effectively.
QUESTION 8:
Which mobility aid is most beneficial for a person with limited vision?
A) A guide dog
B) A white cane
C) A seeing-eye dog
D) A walker
ANSWER: B - A white cane
, Rationale: A white cane is specifically designed to detect obstacles and changes in
terrain, making it invaluable for individuals with limited vision.
QUESTION 9:
When assessing a client's travel skills, which of the following should be evaluated?
A) Their physical strength
B) Their ability to plan a route
C) Their knowledge of traffic laws
D) Their ability to run
ANSWER: B - Their ability to plan a route
Rationale: Evaluating route planning skills is essential for determining a client's overall
travel competence and independence.
QUESTION 10:
In O&M training, what is the importance of teaching environmental awareness?
A) To improve physical fitness
B) To enhance safety and navigation skills
C) To increase speed
D) To reduce anxiety
ANSWER: B - To enhance safety and navigation skills
Rationale: Environmental awareness helps clients recognize hazards and navigate their
surroundings safely.
QUESTION 11:
What is the primary use of tactile maps in O&M?
A) For visual learning
B) To provide a three-dimensional representation of an area
C) To assist in reading
D) For auditory feedback
ANSWER: B - To provide a three-dimensional representation of an area
Rationale: Tactile maps allow individuals with visual impairments to understand spatial
relationships and navigate environments.
QUESTION 12:
What is the main goal of mobility training for children with visual impairments?
A) To improve academic performance
B) To foster independence in navigating environments
C) To enhance physical fitness
D) To promote social interactions
ANSWER: B - To foster independence in navigating environments
2025/2026 | Assessment, Techniques, Environmental
Strategies, Travel Skills, Communication & 150+
Practice Questions with Correct Answers
1. Assessment and Evaluation
o Understanding different assessment tools used in O&M.
o Evaluating the individual's mobility needs and preferences.
2. Techniques and Strategies
o Use of white canes and mobility aids.
o Orientation techniques (e.g., cardinal directions, landmarks).
o Mobility strategies for various environments (urban, rural, indoor).
3. Environmental Considerations
o Understanding different types of environments (e.g., residential,
commercial).
o Handling obstacles and barriers in the environment.
4. Travel Skills
o Route planning and travel instructions.
o Use of public transportation and navigating different modes of travel.
5. Communication Skills
o Teaching effective communication techniques.
o Collaborating with other professionals (e.g., teachers, rehabilitation
specialists).
6. Technology in O&M
o Use of assistive technology and apps for navigation.
o Understanding GPS and other navigation aids.
7. Cultural Competency
o Working with diverse populations and understanding cultural differences
in mobility.
8. Legal and Ethical Considerations
o Understanding the rights of individuals with visual impairments.
o Ethical considerations in providing O&M services.
,QUESTION 1:
What is the primary purpose of a functional mobility assessment in O&M?
A) To measure strength and endurance
B) To identify the individual's mobility needs and preferences
C) To evaluate cognitive function
D) To assess visual acuity
ANSWER: B - To identify the individual's mobility needs and preferences
Rationale: Functional mobility assessments are aimed at understanding how
individuals navigate their environments and what specific challenges they face.
QUESTION 2:
Which technique is most effective for teaching a client to navigate an unfamiliar
environment?
A) Landmarking
B) Relying solely on verbal instructions
C) Providing a map
D) Using a guide dog exclusively
ANSWER: A - Landmarking
Rationale: Landmarking helps individuals use recognizable features to orient
themselves in an environment, which can enhance their confidence and independence.
QUESTION 3:
When orienting a client to a new public transportation system, which factor is MOST
important to consider?
A) The client’s physical strength
B) The client’s familiarity with the area
C) The cost of transportation
D) The weather conditions
ANSWER: B - The client’s familiarity with the area
Rationale: Understanding the client's familiarity with the area can guide how you teach
them to navigate the public transportation system effectively.
QUESTION 4:
Which of the following is a key consideration when using technology in O&M?
A) Cost of the technology
B) Client's comfort and proficiency with the technology
C) Availability of the technology
D) Technological advancements in the field
ANSWER: B - Client's comfort and proficiency with the technology
,Rationale: It’s essential to ensure that clients are comfortable and proficient with any
technology used to assist in their mobility.
QUESTION 5:
What is the role of the white cane in orientation and mobility?
A) To signal to others
B) To detect obstacles and changes in terrain
C) To provide support when walking
D) To enhance visibility
ANSWER: B - To detect obstacles and changes in terrain
Rationale: The white cane is primarily used to help individuals with visual impairments
detect obstacles and changes in their environment.
QUESTION 6:
Which of the following is the best way to teach a client to use a cane effectively?
A) Modeling and hands-on practice
B) Providing a written manual
C) Demonstrating in a classroom setting only
D) Using only verbal instructions
ANSWER: A - Modeling and hands-on practice
Rationale: Practical, hands-on experience allows clients to learn through doing, which
is essential for mastering cane techniques.
QUESTION 7:
What is the primary objective of orientation training?
A) To improve physical fitness
B) To help the individual understand their environment
C) To increase speed in mobility
D) To teach social skills
ANSWER: B - To help the individual understand their environment
Rationale: Orientation training focuses on helping clients understand and navigate their
surroundings effectively.
QUESTION 8:
Which mobility aid is most beneficial for a person with limited vision?
A) A guide dog
B) A white cane
C) A seeing-eye dog
D) A walker
ANSWER: B - A white cane
, Rationale: A white cane is specifically designed to detect obstacles and changes in
terrain, making it invaluable for individuals with limited vision.
QUESTION 9:
When assessing a client's travel skills, which of the following should be evaluated?
A) Their physical strength
B) Their ability to plan a route
C) Their knowledge of traffic laws
D) Their ability to run
ANSWER: B - Their ability to plan a route
Rationale: Evaluating route planning skills is essential for determining a client's overall
travel competence and independence.
QUESTION 10:
In O&M training, what is the importance of teaching environmental awareness?
A) To improve physical fitness
B) To enhance safety and navigation skills
C) To increase speed
D) To reduce anxiety
ANSWER: B - To enhance safety and navigation skills
Rationale: Environmental awareness helps clients recognize hazards and navigate their
surroundings safely.
QUESTION 11:
What is the primary use of tactile maps in O&M?
A) For visual learning
B) To provide a three-dimensional representation of an area
C) To assist in reading
D) For auditory feedback
ANSWER: B - To provide a three-dimensional representation of an area
Rationale: Tactile maps allow individuals with visual impairments to understand spatial
relationships and navigate environments.
QUESTION 12:
What is the main goal of mobility training for children with visual impairments?
A) To improve academic performance
B) To foster independence in navigating environments
C) To enhance physical fitness
D) To promote social interactions
ANSWER: B - To foster independence in navigating environments
