Test Bank For Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications 5th Edition By Stephen M. Stahl All Chapters 1-13 LATEST

Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
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Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide
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,Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
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Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide
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Stahl'sEssential Psychopharmacology n nn



Neuroscientific nnBasis nnand nnPractical nnApplications nn 5th nnEdition nnTestbank/Study nnGuide

Chapter 1 Chemical neurotransmission
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MULTIPLE CHOICE nn


1. A patient with depression mentions to the nurse, My mother says depression
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is a c hemical disorder. What does she mean? The nurses response is based on
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the theoryth at depression primarily involves which of the following
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neurotransmitters?
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a. Cortisol and GABA nn nn



b. COMT and glutamate nn nn



c. Monamine and glycine nn nn



d. Serotonin and nn


norepinephrine ANS: D
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One possible cause of depression is thought to involve one or more neurotransmitters.
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Serotonin and norepinephrine have been found to be important in the regulation
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of dep ression. There is no research to support that the other options play a
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significant role in t he development of depression.
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2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that has
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resulted in damage to the Broca area. Which evaluation does the nurse conduct
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to reinforce this d iagnosis?
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a. Observing the patient pick up a spoon nn nn nn nn nn nn



b. Asking the patient to recite the alphabet
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c. Monitoring the patients blood pressure nn nn nn nn



d. Comparing the patients grip strength in both nn nn nn nn nn nn


hands ANS: B
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Accidents or strokes that damage Brocas area may result in the inability to speak (i.e.,
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motor aphasia). Fine motor skills, blood pressure control, and muscle strength are
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notc ontrolled by the Broca area of the left frontal lobe.
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3. The patient diagnosed with schizophrenia asks why psychotropic medications
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are a lways prescribed by the doctor. The nurses answer will be based on
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information that th e therapeutic action of psychotropic drugs is the result of
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their effect on:
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a. The temporal lobe; especially Wernickes area
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b. Dendrites and their ability to transmit electrical impulses
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c. The regulation of neurotransmitters especially dopamine
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d. The peripheral nervous system sensitivity to the psychotropic medications
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,Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
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Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide
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ANS: C nn


Medications used to treat psychiatric disorders operate in and around the synaptic
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cleft a nd have action at the neurotransmitter level, especially in the case of
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schizophrenia, on dopamine. The Wernickes area, dendrite function, or the
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sensitivity of the peripheral ne rvous system are not relevant to either
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schizophrenia or psychotropic medications.
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4. A student nurse mutters that it seems entirely unnecessary to have to struggle
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with u nderstanding the anatomy and physiology of the neurologic system. The
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mentor woul d base a response on the understanding that it is:
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Necessary but generally for psychiatric nurses who focus primarily on nn nn nn nn nn nn nn nn sr sr


a. behavioral interventions nn



A complex undertaking that advance practice psychiatric nurses frequently
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b. use i n their practice
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Important primarily for the nursing assessment of patients with brain t
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c. raumacaused cognitive symptoms
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Necessary for planning psychiatric care for all patients especially those
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d. experiencing psychiatric disorders
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ANS:
D
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Nurses must understand that many symptoms of psychiatric disorders have a
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neurolo gic basis, although the symptoms are manifested behaviorally. This
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understanding fac ilitates effective care planning. The foundation of knowledge is
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not used exclusively b y advanced practice psychiatric nurses nor is it relevant
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for only behavior therapies or brain trauma since dealing with the results of
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normal and abnormal brain function is a responsibility of all nurses providing
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all types of care tothe psychiatric patient.
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5. A patient asks the nurse, My wife has breast cancer. Could it be caused
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by herc hronic depression? Which response is supported by research
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data?
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a. Too much stress has been proven to cause all kinds of cancer.
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b. There have been no research studies done on stress and disease yet.
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c. Stress does cause the release of factors that suppress the immune system.
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d. There appears to be little connection between stress and diseases of the
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body ANS: C
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Research indicates that stress causes a release of corticotropin-
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releasing factors that suppress the immune system. Studies indicate that
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psychiatric dis orders such as mooddisorders are sometimes associated with
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decreased functioning of t he immune system.Research does not support a
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connection between many cancers and stress. There is a significant amount of
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research about stress and the body. Research ha s shown that there are some
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connections between stress and physical disease.
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Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide
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6. A patient who has a parietal lobe injury is being evaluated for psychiatric
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rehabilitat ion needs. Of the aspects of functioning listed, which will the
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nurse identifyas a focus of nursing intervention?
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a. Expression of emotion nn nn



b. Detecting auditory stimuli nn nn



c. Receiving visual images nn nn



d. Processing
associations ANS: D
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The parietal lobe is responsible for associating and processing sensory information tha
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t allows for functions such as following directions on a map, reading a clock,
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dressing self, keeping appointments, and distinguishing right from left. Emotional
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expression is associated with frontal lobe function. Detecting auditory stimuli is
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a temporal lobe fun ction. Receiving visual images is related to occipital lobe
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function.
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7. At admission, the nurse learns that some time ago the patient had an infarct
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in ther ight cerebral cortex. During assessment, the nurse would expect to find
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that the patie nt:
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a. Demonstrates major deficiencies in speech nn nn nn nn



b. Is unable to effectively hold a spoon in the left hand
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c. Has difficulty explaining how to go about using the telephone
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d. Cannot use his right hand to shave himself or comb his own nn nn nn nn nn sr sr nn nn nn nn


hair ANS: B
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The cerebral hemispheres are responsible for functions such as control of muscles. The
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right hemisphere mainly controls the motor and sensory functions on the left
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side of th e body. Damage to the right side would result in impaired function on
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the left side of th e body. The motor cortex controls voluntary motor activity.
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Brocas area controls moto r speech. Cognitive functions are attributed to the
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association cortex.
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The right side of the bodys motor activity is controlled by the left cerebral cortex.
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8. A patient with chronic schizophrenia had a stroke involving the hippocampus.
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The p atient will be discharged on low doses of haloperidol. The nurse will
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need to individu alize the patients medication teaching by:
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a. Including the patients caregiver in the education nn nn nn nn nn nn


b. Being careful to stress the importance of taking the medication as
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prescribed Providing the education at a time when the patient is
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emotionally calm and r
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c. ANS: A nn




d.

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