Chapter 3 and 4: Surgical Technology for the Surgical Technologist Exam Study Guide. Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct

Chapter 3 and 4: Surgical Technology for the Surgical Technologist Exam Study Guide. Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct adaptation and stress - ANSWER -The two broad factors that apply to the majority of patients and can be further broken down into coping mechanisms are ___________________. Roy Adaptation Model - ANSWER -developed by Sister Callista Roy; views the patient as a biopsychosocial individual, constantly interacting with the environment with the ability to adapt by using coping skills in dealing with internal and external stressors Roy and Andrews, 2005 - ANSWER -interprets the environment as "all conditions, circumstances, and influences that surround and affect the development and behavior of the person" Roy and Anderson, 2005 - ANSWER -states that health involves becoming an integrated whole person stress - ANSWER -defined by Dr. Hans Selye: "a nonspecific response of the body to a demand" that can take the form of physical, chemical, or emotional phenomenon that causes tension two types of stress - ANSWER -distress and eustress distress - ANSWER -has negative implications eustress - ANSWER -prefix eu means "well" or "good", is the term for the positive, desirable form of stress (e.g., coming in first during a race, receiving a promotion, getting married, etc.) coping mechanisms - ANSWER -denial, rationalization, regression, repression denial - ANSWER -patient does not want to accept the truth of what is occuring rationalization - ANSWER -patient attempts to rationalize illness or disease regression - ANSWER -patient regresses to an earlier stage of life, such as adolescence, and exhibits behaviors unique to that stage repression - ANSWER -patient represses thoughts and feelings about illness or disease and does not want to hold any discussions concerning what is happening three stages of death - ANSWER -cardiac death, higher-brain death, whole-brain death cardiac death - ANSWER -the irreversible loss of cardiac and respiratory function; this is the permanent absence of heartbeat and respiration higher-brain death - ANSWER -the irreversible loss of higher brain function; the brain stem continues to provide respiration, blood pressure, and a heartbeat without the assistance of a respirator whole-brain death - ANSWER -the irreversible loss of all functions of the entire brain; it includes a flat EEG, unresponsiveness, lack of pupillary reflexes, and decreasing body temperature Five Stages of Grief - ANSWER -people cope with grief in distinct stages; researched by Dr. Elizabeth Kubler-Ross denial (Five Stages of Grief) - ANSWER -the initial stage where patients might say something such as "it can't be happening to me"; usually a temporary defense mechanism and a coping mechanism anger (Five Stages of Grief) - ANSWER -when denial cannot be continued, it is replaced with __________, rage, envy, and resentment; the patient asks, "why is this happening to me?" bargaining (Five Stages of Grief) - ANSWER -if a patient has been unable to accept the situation and has gone through the anger stage, he or she might move to the stage of _______________ to postpone the inevitable; the patient might say, "just let me live long enough to see my son graduate." depression (Five Stages of Grief) - ANSWER -when a terminally ill person can no longer deny the illness as it progress, his or her anger is replaced with a sense of great loss; the patient might be thinking, "please don't take me away from my family." acceptance (Five Stages of Grief) - ANSWER -when a patient has had enough time to work through the first four stages, he or she will reach a stage of being neither depressed or angry; the statement of resolution might be, "I know I will be in a better place." general categories of causes of death - ANSWER -accidental, terminal, prolonged (chronic), sudden accidental death - ANSWER -deaths that are caused by nature (floods, lightening, earthquake) or humans (motor vehicle, gunshot), the family is left to deal with the emotional trauma terminal death - ANSWER -a patient who is suffering from a disease that is progressive and incurable, where death will be the final outcome; palliative treatment is often prescribed for these patients to improve their quality of life during the course of the illness prolonged (chronic) death - ANSWER -a condition that is long-lasting (more than 4-6 weeks, but frequently lifelong), and needs to be managed on a long-term basis; asthma, high blood pressure sudden death - ANSWER -any death that occurs without warning, such as cardiac arrest of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)