CGFM - Exam 1: Government
Environment well answered to pass
Nat'l government can't be sued by states or by citizens w/out its permission. - correct answer
✔✔Government Sovereignty
Derived from constitutions or charters (local versions of a constitution), statutes, executive
orders & regulations. - correct answer ✔✔Government Authority
1) National
2) State
3) Local
The primary purpose of each is to provide services to citizens. Separate and distinct, yet they
may coordinate their efforts. - correct answer ✔✔3 Levels
1) Legislative
2) Executive
3) Judicial - correct answer ✔✔3 Branches
Feature of the Constitution that requires each of the three branches of government—legislative,
executive, and judicial—to be relatively independent of the others so that one cannot control
the others. Power is shared among the three branches of government. - correct answer
✔✔Separation of Powers
Constitutionally-mandated system that allows each branch of government to amend or veto
acts of another branch so as to prevent any one branch from exerting too much power. - correct
answer ✔✔Checks and Balances
,Power given to the judicial branch in order to sustain checks and balances. Courts can overturn
laws passed by the legislature & signed by the president/governor if courts deem them
unconstitutional. Enables judges to question the legality and reasonableness of a gov't
manager's administrative actions. (Test question) - correct answer ✔✔Judicial Review
U.S. system of gov't. Power is distributed among different levels of gov't and no one level of
gov't has complete authority over all areas of public policy. No centeralized system of gov't in
U.S. - correct answer ✔✔Federalism
Basic concept of the Constitution. The idea that ultimate authority belongs to the voting people
and even a sovereign gov't is accountable to citizens. - correct answer ✔✔Popular Sovereignty
Derived from constitutions, statutes, and ordinances. They can include limits on the type of tax,
rate of tax, and tax collection purposes. - correct answer ✔✔Legal Constraints
Ways in which constitutions and charters specify whether the government can incur debt and
limit government borrowing. (PTAP) - correct answer ✔✔Purpose
Term
Amount
Process
Stems from the 10th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Powers not delegated to the Nat'l
gov't, nor prohibited to the states, are reserved to the states and the people. Nat'l gov't can
influence lower levels, but can't dictate the manner in which state & local gov't will operate. -
correct answer ✔✔Reserved Clause
Nat'l and state gov'ts exercise authority in civil defense and the Nat'l Guard. For example, during
peacetime, Nat'l Guard units fall under the direction of state governors and meet the needs of
the state. During nat'l emergencies, these units are under command of the President,
, Commander in Chief. State and local gov'ts have some responsibility for traffic safety. All 3 levels
impact public education. - correct answer ✔✔Areas of Overlap in Governmental Responsibilities
Money that is distributed to lower-level governments with the purpose of funding special
projects. - correct answer ✔✔Grants
Nickname given to state and local governments because they experiment with policies and
procedures that are later adopted at the nat'l level. - correct answer ✔✔Laboratories of
Democracy
Example of upward influence (laboratory of democracy). U.S. gov't requirement created in the
90s for federal agencies . Process of collecting and distributing performance information;
includes status reporting, progress measurement, and forecasting. - correct answer
✔✔Performance Reporting
Passes laws. House of Representatives and Senate form legislative branch of Nat'l gov't. Includes
Congressional Budget Office, the Library of Congress, Gov't Accountability Office, and Architect
of the Capitol. - correct answer ✔✔Legislative
Administers laws. Executes gov't programs. Includes the U.S. Departments of Education, Interior,
and Defense. - correct answer ✔✔Executive
Interprets laws and exercises judicial review over actions of the other branches. - correct answer
✔✔Judicial
The lowest level of government and exercises authority over a municipality (i.e. city, town,
village). Usually, the scope of its powers are determined by its delegated authority from the
level of government that creates it and the laws it passes are called ordinances. - correct answer
✔✔Municipal Governments
Environment well answered to pass
Nat'l government can't be sued by states or by citizens w/out its permission. - correct answer
✔✔Government Sovereignty
Derived from constitutions or charters (local versions of a constitution), statutes, executive
orders & regulations. - correct answer ✔✔Government Authority
1) National
2) State
3) Local
The primary purpose of each is to provide services to citizens. Separate and distinct, yet they
may coordinate their efforts. - correct answer ✔✔3 Levels
1) Legislative
2) Executive
3) Judicial - correct answer ✔✔3 Branches
Feature of the Constitution that requires each of the three branches of government—legislative,
executive, and judicial—to be relatively independent of the others so that one cannot control
the others. Power is shared among the three branches of government. - correct answer
✔✔Separation of Powers
Constitutionally-mandated system that allows each branch of government to amend or veto
acts of another branch so as to prevent any one branch from exerting too much power. - correct
answer ✔✔Checks and Balances
,Power given to the judicial branch in order to sustain checks and balances. Courts can overturn
laws passed by the legislature & signed by the president/governor if courts deem them
unconstitutional. Enables judges to question the legality and reasonableness of a gov't
manager's administrative actions. (Test question) - correct answer ✔✔Judicial Review
U.S. system of gov't. Power is distributed among different levels of gov't and no one level of
gov't has complete authority over all areas of public policy. No centeralized system of gov't in
U.S. - correct answer ✔✔Federalism
Basic concept of the Constitution. The idea that ultimate authority belongs to the voting people
and even a sovereign gov't is accountable to citizens. - correct answer ✔✔Popular Sovereignty
Derived from constitutions, statutes, and ordinances. They can include limits on the type of tax,
rate of tax, and tax collection purposes. - correct answer ✔✔Legal Constraints
Ways in which constitutions and charters specify whether the government can incur debt and
limit government borrowing. (PTAP) - correct answer ✔✔Purpose
Term
Amount
Process
Stems from the 10th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Powers not delegated to the Nat'l
gov't, nor prohibited to the states, are reserved to the states and the people. Nat'l gov't can
influence lower levels, but can't dictate the manner in which state & local gov't will operate. -
correct answer ✔✔Reserved Clause
Nat'l and state gov'ts exercise authority in civil defense and the Nat'l Guard. For example, during
peacetime, Nat'l Guard units fall under the direction of state governors and meet the needs of
the state. During nat'l emergencies, these units are under command of the President,
, Commander in Chief. State and local gov'ts have some responsibility for traffic safety. All 3 levels
impact public education. - correct answer ✔✔Areas of Overlap in Governmental Responsibilities
Money that is distributed to lower-level governments with the purpose of funding special
projects. - correct answer ✔✔Grants
Nickname given to state and local governments because they experiment with policies and
procedures that are later adopted at the nat'l level. - correct answer ✔✔Laboratories of
Democracy
Example of upward influence (laboratory of democracy). U.S. gov't requirement created in the
90s for federal agencies . Process of collecting and distributing performance information;
includes status reporting, progress measurement, and forecasting. - correct answer
✔✔Performance Reporting
Passes laws. House of Representatives and Senate form legislative branch of Nat'l gov't. Includes
Congressional Budget Office, the Library of Congress, Gov't Accountability Office, and Architect
of the Capitol. - correct answer ✔✔Legislative
Administers laws. Executes gov't programs. Includes the U.S. Departments of Education, Interior,
and Defense. - correct answer ✔✔Executive
Interprets laws and exercises judicial review over actions of the other branches. - correct answer
✔✔Judicial
The lowest level of government and exercises authority over a municipality (i.e. city, town,
village). Usually, the scope of its powers are determined by its delegated authority from the
level of government that creates it and the laws it passes are called ordinances. - correct answer
✔✔Municipal Governments
