Exam 4 Nurse 660
,The core symptoms of ADHD are linked to what area of the brain? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-prefrontal cortex
Selective attention is due to what area of the PFC malfunctioning? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-dorsal ACC (anterior cingulate cortex)
sustained attention and problem solving linked to what area of the brain? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-DLPFC
hyperactivity is linked to what area of the brain? - CORRECT ANSWERS-prefrontal
motor cortex
what test assessing sustained attention? - CORRECT ANSWERS-N-back test
where is sustained attention modulated in brain? - CORRECT ANSWERS-CSTC loop in
the DLPFC
insufficient activation in the DLPFC can cause inattention
"sustaiNed attention- N back"
what test assesses selective attention? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Stroop test
"Selective, Stroop, Cingulate"
where in the brain is selective attention modulated? - CORRECT ANSWERS-the CSTC
loop, Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex
issues with sustained attention are: - CORRECT ANSWERS-difficulty completing tasks
disorganization
trouble sustaining mental effort
issues with selective attention are: - CORRECT ANSWERS-difficulty with detail
carless mistakes
not listening
losing things
being distracted
forgetting things
what part of the brain modulates impulsitivity? - CORRECT ANSWERS-orbitofrontal
cortex
what symptoms of impulsitivity are observed? - CORRECT ANSWERS-talking
excessively
blurting things out
not waiting ones turn
, interrupting
what part of the brain modulates hyperactivity? - CORRECT ANSWERS-prefrontal
cortex
what are some key observations in the prefrontal cortex as it relates to ADHD? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)-- impulsivity and hyperactivity
DLPFC/DaCC-- sustained/selective attention issues
how do NE and DA amounts manifest in relation to fatigue/anxiety? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-too little NE and DA = fatigue
too much = anxiety
what two receptors in the PRC are thought to be involved with ADHD treatment? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-alpha 2 a
D1
how does ADHD affect NE and DA levels? - CORRECT ANSWERS-NE levels low,
signal reduced
DA levels low, noise increased
results in: fidget and inattention
how should you treat NE and DA in adhd? - CORRECT ANSWERS-increase NE
Increase DA
what receptors does NE stimulate in the postsynapse? - CORRECT ANSWERS-alpha 2
a; even better effect when beta1 receptors also stimulated
what effect does DA have on receptors and what does this cause? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-decreases the noise and prevents inappropriate connections from taking
place through stimulating D1 receptors
what effect does NE have on receptors and what does this cause? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-increases the incoming signal and allows for increase connections between
prefrontal networks through stimulation of alpha 2A receptors
what effect do slow dose stimulants have? - CORRECT ANSWERS-amplify tonic NE
and DA signals
block NET in PFC
,The core symptoms of ADHD are linked to what area of the brain? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-prefrontal cortex
Selective attention is due to what area of the PFC malfunctioning? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-dorsal ACC (anterior cingulate cortex)
sustained attention and problem solving linked to what area of the brain? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-DLPFC
hyperactivity is linked to what area of the brain? - CORRECT ANSWERS-prefrontal
motor cortex
what test assessing sustained attention? - CORRECT ANSWERS-N-back test
where is sustained attention modulated in brain? - CORRECT ANSWERS-CSTC loop in
the DLPFC
insufficient activation in the DLPFC can cause inattention
"sustaiNed attention- N back"
what test assesses selective attention? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Stroop test
"Selective, Stroop, Cingulate"
where in the brain is selective attention modulated? - CORRECT ANSWERS-the CSTC
loop, Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex
issues with sustained attention are: - CORRECT ANSWERS-difficulty completing tasks
disorganization
trouble sustaining mental effort
issues with selective attention are: - CORRECT ANSWERS-difficulty with detail
carless mistakes
not listening
losing things
being distracted
forgetting things
what part of the brain modulates impulsitivity? - CORRECT ANSWERS-orbitofrontal
cortex
what symptoms of impulsitivity are observed? - CORRECT ANSWERS-talking
excessively
blurting things out
not waiting ones turn
, interrupting
what part of the brain modulates hyperactivity? - CORRECT ANSWERS-prefrontal
cortex
what are some key observations in the prefrontal cortex as it relates to ADHD? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)-- impulsivity and hyperactivity
DLPFC/DaCC-- sustained/selective attention issues
how do NE and DA amounts manifest in relation to fatigue/anxiety? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-too little NE and DA = fatigue
too much = anxiety
what two receptors in the PRC are thought to be involved with ADHD treatment? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-alpha 2 a
D1
how does ADHD affect NE and DA levels? - CORRECT ANSWERS-NE levels low,
signal reduced
DA levels low, noise increased
results in: fidget and inattention
how should you treat NE and DA in adhd? - CORRECT ANSWERS-increase NE
Increase DA
what receptors does NE stimulate in the postsynapse? - CORRECT ANSWERS-alpha 2
a; even better effect when beta1 receptors also stimulated
what effect does DA have on receptors and what does this cause? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-decreases the noise and prevents inappropriate connections from taking
place through stimulating D1 receptors
what effect does NE have on receptors and what does this cause? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-increases the incoming signal and allows for increase connections between
prefrontal networks through stimulation of alpha 2A receptors
what effect do slow dose stimulants have? - CORRECT ANSWERS-amplify tonic NE
and DA signals
block NET in PFC
