Prosthetic CPM| Questions with 100% correct Answers
TF Bench Alignment - ANSWER -5* socket K2 - ANSWER -Ability to traverse low level
flexion (+contracture) environmental barriers; limited community
6-7* socket adduction (or match sound) ambulator, fixed cadence
Socket medial wall parallel to line of progression
Knee: 5-25 mm posterior to weightline, external
rotation 3-5* K3 - ANSWER -Ambulation at variable
Foot: 12-37mm outset from IT, 5-7* external cadence; prosthetic utilization beyond simple
rotation locomotion; "unlimited" community ambulator,
traverse most environmental barriers
TT Bench Alignment - ANSWER -5* socket
flexion (+contracture) K4 - ANSWER -Exceeds basic ambulation
5* socket adduction (or match sound) skills, exhibiting high impact, stress, or energy
Foot: 37mm posterior to midline (SACH) or 1/3 of levels; child, active adult, or athlete.
foot (DR)
Foot: 12 mm inset to midlineder
K1 feet - ANSWER -SACH, Single axis,
safe
Info for Px Eval - ANSWER -Name, Age,
DOB, Sex
Ht, Wt K2 feet - ANSWER -Multiaxial, flexible keel
Meds, comorbidities
Amp site/cause/date
ADLs/vocational/avocational K3-4 - ANSWER -Dynamic response (also
Goals!
often multiaxial)
Home status/environment
With vertical shock
Work status/environment
Shock & torque absorbers
PT/OT, assistive devices used
Current/previous px treatment
MMT, ROM
Sensation External power feet - ANSWER -K1-3, all
Condition of residual limb cadence/terrain
Condition of contralateral/upper extremities Pros: propulsion, dorsi/plantarflexion
K-level/AMP Cons: batteries/weight/cost/processing speed
K0 - ANSWER -The patient does not have Single axis feet - ANSWER -Pros:
the ability or potential to ambulate or transfer inexpensive, durable
safely Cons: rigid forefoot, not energy efficient, not
suitable for uneven surfaces
K1 - ANSWER -Prosthesis for transfers or
ambulation at fixed cadence; household SACH feet - ANSWER -Pros: provides
ambulator stability in early stance
Cons: DF stop increases knee hyperextesion
1/9
, Prosthetic CPM| Questions with 100% correct Answers
Manual lock knee feature - ANSWER -
Flexible keel - ANSWER -Pros: provides Maximum stance phase stability - K1-K2
easy rollover, smooth transition from heel strike prosthesis made slightly shorter
to toe off, allows natural sagittal plane motion, use with a single-axis foot is desirable
reduces socket foreces on residual limb, Pros: doesn't require strength, can be used with
improves walking safety, reliable blind or bilateral patients, extremely stable bc
Cons: limited push off, increased cost eliminates knee flexion
Cons: forces gait deviation
Multiaxial feet - ANSWER -Pros:
Accommodates uneven terrain, decreases stress Single axis knee feature - ANSWER -Fixed
on skin and prosthesis rotation point; stability via alignemnt or muscular
Con: Increased weight/maintenance, cost control; constant friction - K1-K2
Pros: longer residual limb with good muscle
control, children, inexpensive, durable
Dynamic Response feet - ANSWER -Pros: Cons: must have strong hip extensors and good
use with increased activity level, energy storing, balance, decreased stability
reduces impact to joints and the residual limb,
decreased walking effort/increased push off
Cons: increased cost/weight Weight activated stance control knee feature -
ANSWER -"safety knee" good for new
amputees
K1-K2 knees - control - ANSWER - Pros: knee is locked when weight is through it -
Fiction/mechanical - single speed ambulators good stability in stance phase, good if weak hip
May have manual lock feature extensors, poor balance, and short TF
Weight activated stance control Cons: not for active or stable patients, delayed
swing phase, must unload fully to sit
K3-4 knees - control - ANSWER -Fluid
(cadence responsiveness) hydraulic or Polycentric - ANSWER -K1-K4; 4-bar
pneumatic linkage, moving center of rotation centrode
-Pros: variable cadence, swing and stance proximal and posterior to weight line
control, more natural gait Pros: shorten in swing phase, cosmetic in sitting,
-Cons: increased weight/maintenance/cost stability inherent in alignment, stable during
Microprocessor (fluid controlled by "computer stance
chip") Cons: Low stability at toe-off, contraindicated for
bilateral, increased weight/maintenance/cost
Microprocessor knees - ANSWER -Pros:
improve environmental obstacle negotiation, Single axis outside hinges - ANSWER -
increased walking speed on uneven terrain, PFFD, KD
reduced falls, increased confidence Free swinging
Cons: heavy Pros: avoid knee length discrepancy, durable
Cons: no inherent friction control, no inherent
stability, ugly
2/9
TF Bench Alignment - ANSWER -5* socket K2 - ANSWER -Ability to traverse low level
flexion (+contracture) environmental barriers; limited community
6-7* socket adduction (or match sound) ambulator, fixed cadence
Socket medial wall parallel to line of progression
Knee: 5-25 mm posterior to weightline, external
rotation 3-5* K3 - ANSWER -Ambulation at variable
Foot: 12-37mm outset from IT, 5-7* external cadence; prosthetic utilization beyond simple
rotation locomotion; "unlimited" community ambulator,
traverse most environmental barriers
TT Bench Alignment - ANSWER -5* socket
flexion (+contracture) K4 - ANSWER -Exceeds basic ambulation
5* socket adduction (or match sound) skills, exhibiting high impact, stress, or energy
Foot: 37mm posterior to midline (SACH) or 1/3 of levels; child, active adult, or athlete.
foot (DR)
Foot: 12 mm inset to midlineder
K1 feet - ANSWER -SACH, Single axis,
safe
Info for Px Eval - ANSWER -Name, Age,
DOB, Sex
Ht, Wt K2 feet - ANSWER -Multiaxial, flexible keel
Meds, comorbidities
Amp site/cause/date
ADLs/vocational/avocational K3-4 - ANSWER -Dynamic response (also
Goals!
often multiaxial)
Home status/environment
With vertical shock
Work status/environment
Shock & torque absorbers
PT/OT, assistive devices used
Current/previous px treatment
MMT, ROM
Sensation External power feet - ANSWER -K1-3, all
Condition of residual limb cadence/terrain
Condition of contralateral/upper extremities Pros: propulsion, dorsi/plantarflexion
K-level/AMP Cons: batteries/weight/cost/processing speed
K0 - ANSWER -The patient does not have Single axis feet - ANSWER -Pros:
the ability or potential to ambulate or transfer inexpensive, durable
safely Cons: rigid forefoot, not energy efficient, not
suitable for uneven surfaces
K1 - ANSWER -Prosthesis for transfers or
ambulation at fixed cadence; household SACH feet - ANSWER -Pros: provides
ambulator stability in early stance
Cons: DF stop increases knee hyperextesion
1/9
, Prosthetic CPM| Questions with 100% correct Answers
Manual lock knee feature - ANSWER -
Flexible keel - ANSWER -Pros: provides Maximum stance phase stability - K1-K2
easy rollover, smooth transition from heel strike prosthesis made slightly shorter
to toe off, allows natural sagittal plane motion, use with a single-axis foot is desirable
reduces socket foreces on residual limb, Pros: doesn't require strength, can be used with
improves walking safety, reliable blind or bilateral patients, extremely stable bc
Cons: limited push off, increased cost eliminates knee flexion
Cons: forces gait deviation
Multiaxial feet - ANSWER -Pros:
Accommodates uneven terrain, decreases stress Single axis knee feature - ANSWER -Fixed
on skin and prosthesis rotation point; stability via alignemnt or muscular
Con: Increased weight/maintenance, cost control; constant friction - K1-K2
Pros: longer residual limb with good muscle
control, children, inexpensive, durable
Dynamic Response feet - ANSWER -Pros: Cons: must have strong hip extensors and good
use with increased activity level, energy storing, balance, decreased stability
reduces impact to joints and the residual limb,
decreased walking effort/increased push off
Cons: increased cost/weight Weight activated stance control knee feature -
ANSWER -"safety knee" good for new
amputees
K1-K2 knees - control - ANSWER - Pros: knee is locked when weight is through it -
Fiction/mechanical - single speed ambulators good stability in stance phase, good if weak hip
May have manual lock feature extensors, poor balance, and short TF
Weight activated stance control Cons: not for active or stable patients, delayed
swing phase, must unload fully to sit
K3-4 knees - control - ANSWER -Fluid
(cadence responsiveness) hydraulic or Polycentric - ANSWER -K1-K4; 4-bar
pneumatic linkage, moving center of rotation centrode
-Pros: variable cadence, swing and stance proximal and posterior to weight line
control, more natural gait Pros: shorten in swing phase, cosmetic in sitting,
-Cons: increased weight/maintenance/cost stability inherent in alignment, stable during
Microprocessor (fluid controlled by "computer stance
chip") Cons: Low stability at toe-off, contraindicated for
bilateral, increased weight/maintenance/cost
Microprocessor knees - ANSWER -Pros:
improve environmental obstacle negotiation, Single axis outside hinges - ANSWER -
increased walking speed on uneven terrain, PFFD, KD
reduced falls, increased confidence Free swinging
Cons: heavy Pros: avoid knee length discrepancy, durable
Cons: no inherent friction control, no inherent
stability, ugly
2/9
