Barney Fletcher Cram Questions & Answers (2025/2026 Syllabus)
1. Real Estate Principles
Q1: What is the definition of real property?
ANSWER ✓ Real property includes land, permanent structures, and inherent rights (e.g.,
mineral, air, water rights).
Q2: What is personal property?
ANSWER ✓ Movable items not permanently attached to land (e.g., furniture, vehicles).
Q3: What is the difference between a freehold and leasehold estate?
ANSWER ✓ Freehold = indefinite ownership; leasehold = temporary possession under a
lease.
Q4: What are the four types of freehold estates?
ANSWER ✓ Fee simple absolute, fee simple defeasible, life estate, and fee tail (rare in
modern law).
Q5: What is an easement?
ANSWER ✓ A non-possessory right to use another’s land (e.g., utility access).
2. Contracts & Agency
Q6: What are the essential elements of a valid contract?
ANSWER ✓ Offer, acceptance, consideration, legal capacity, lawful purpose, and mutual
consent.
Q7: What is the Statute of Frauds?
ANSWER ✓ Requires real estate contracts to be in writing to be enforceable.
1. Real Estate Principles
Q1: What is the definition of real property?
ANSWER ✓ Real property includes land, permanent structures, and inherent rights (e.g.,
mineral, air, water rights).
Q2: What is personal property?
ANSWER ✓ Movable items not permanently attached to land (e.g., furniture, vehicles).
Q3: What is the difference between a freehold and leasehold estate?
ANSWER ✓ Freehold = indefinite ownership; leasehold = temporary possession under a
lease.
Q4: What are the four types of freehold estates?
ANSWER ✓ Fee simple absolute, fee simple defeasible, life estate, and fee tail (rare in
modern law).
Q5: What is an easement?
ANSWER ✓ A non-possessory right to use another’s land (e.g., utility access).
2. Contracts & Agency
Q6: What are the essential elements of a valid contract?
ANSWER ✓ Offer, acceptance, consideration, legal capacity, lawful purpose, and mutual
consent.
Q7: What is the Statute of Frauds?
ANSWER ✓ Requires real estate contracts to be in writing to be enforceable.
