A & P (chap 6 The Skeleton: Bones &
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Joints) EXAM QUESTIONS WITH |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS
Functions of Bones - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Form sturdy
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framework for entire body. |\ |\ |\
2. Protect delicate structures.
|\ |\ |\
3. Work as levers with attached muscles to produce movement.
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4. Store calcium salts, which may be resorbed into blood if
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
calcium is needed. |\ |\
5. Produce blood cells in red marrow.
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Bone - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. May be flat, short, or irregular.
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2. Living organs with their own systems of blood vessels &
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
nerves.
Skeleton - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Complete bony framework
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of body.
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2. Consists of 206 bones.
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3. Includes axial and appendicular.
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Axial Skeleton - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Includes bones of head
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& torso.
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2. Consists of 80 bones.
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,Appendicular Skeleton - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Includes bones |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
of extremities.
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2. Consists of 126 bones.
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Long Bone - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Most familiar shape.
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2. Type of bone that makes up most of the appendicular skeleton.
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Diaphysis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Long narrow shaft of long
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bone.
Medullary Cavity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Located at center of
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diaphysis.
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2. Contains bone marrow.
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Epiphysis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Irregular ends at promixal
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& distal ends of long bones.
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Osseous Tissue - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Bone tissue.
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2. Hardest form of connective tissue.
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Bone Matrix - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Material between living
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bone cells. |\
2. Reflects bone hardness & strength.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
3. Rich in collagen & calcium salts.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,Collagen - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Flexible white protein that
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
gives strength & resilience to connective tissue.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Types of Bone Cells - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Osteoblasts.
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2. Osteoclasts.
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3. Osteocytes.
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Osteoblasts - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Build bone tissue.
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Osteoclasts - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Large, multinucleated
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cells responsible for process of resorption.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2. Develop from a type of white blood cells.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Osteocytes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Mature osteoblasts that
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
become trapped in the bone matrix.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2. Maintain bone tissue.
|\ |\ |\
Resorption - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Process of breaking down
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bone tissue.|\
Types of Osseous Tissue - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Compact or
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Cortical
2. Spongy or Trabecular
|\ |\ |\
Compact Bone - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Also called Trabecular
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Bone.
, 2. Hard & dense.
|\ |\ |\
3. Makes up main shaft of long bone & outer layer of other
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bones.
4. Osteocytes located within ringlike layers of bone tissue, called
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lamellae.
Lamellae - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Ringlike layers of bone
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
tissue.
2. Surround central canal, called haversian canal.
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Haversian Canal - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Central canal of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
compact bone. |\
2. Contain nerves & blood vessels.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Lacunae - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Spaces between lamellae.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2. Extend out into many radiating channels, or canaliculi.
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Canaliculi - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Radiating channels from
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
lacunae.
Osteon - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Each ringlike unit with central
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
canal.
Perforating Canals - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Form channels
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
across bone, from one side of shaft to other.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2. Permits passage of blood vessels & nerves.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Joints) EXAM QUESTIONS WITH |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS
Functions of Bones - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Form sturdy
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
framework for entire body. |\ |\ |\
2. Protect delicate structures.
|\ |\ |\
3. Work as levers with attached muscles to produce movement.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
4. Store calcium salts, which may be resorbed into blood if
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
calcium is needed. |\ |\
5. Produce blood cells in red marrow.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Bone - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. May be flat, short, or irregular.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2. Living organs with their own systems of blood vessels &
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
nerves.
Skeleton - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Complete bony framework
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
of body.
|\
2. Consists of 206 bones.
|\ |\ |\ |\
3. Includes axial and appendicular.
|\ |\ |\ |\
Axial Skeleton - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Includes bones of head
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
& torso.
|\ |\
2. Consists of 80 bones.
|\ |\ |\ |\
,Appendicular Skeleton - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Includes bones |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
of extremities.
|\ |\
2. Consists of 126 bones.
|\ |\ |\ |\
Long Bone - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Most familiar shape.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2. Type of bone that makes up most of the appendicular skeleton.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Diaphysis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Long narrow shaft of long
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bone.
Medullary Cavity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Located at center of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
diaphysis.
|\
2. Contains bone marrow.
|\ |\ |\
Epiphysis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Irregular ends at promixal
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
& distal ends of long bones.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Osseous Tissue - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Bone tissue.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2. Hardest form of connective tissue.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Bone Matrix - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Material between living
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bone cells. |\
2. Reflects bone hardness & strength.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
3. Rich in collagen & calcium salts.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,Collagen - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Flexible white protein that
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
gives strength & resilience to connective tissue.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Types of Bone Cells - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Osteoblasts.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2. Osteoclasts.
|\
3. Osteocytes.
|\
Osteoblasts - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Build bone tissue.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Osteoclasts - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Large, multinucleated
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cells responsible for process of resorption.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2. Develop from a type of white blood cells.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Osteocytes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Mature osteoblasts that
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
become trapped in the bone matrix.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2. Maintain bone tissue.
|\ |\ |\
Resorption - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Process of breaking down
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bone tissue.|\
Types of Osseous Tissue - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Compact or
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Cortical
2. Spongy or Trabecular
|\ |\ |\
Compact Bone - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Also called Trabecular
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Bone.
, 2. Hard & dense.
|\ |\ |\
3. Makes up main shaft of long bone & outer layer of other
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bones.
4. Osteocytes located within ringlike layers of bone tissue, called
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
lamellae.
Lamellae - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Ringlike layers of bone
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
tissue.
2. Surround central canal, called haversian canal.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Haversian Canal - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Central canal of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
compact bone. |\
2. Contain nerves & blood vessels.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Lacunae - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Spaces between lamellae.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2. Extend out into many radiating channels, or canaliculi.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Canaliculi - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Radiating channels from
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
lacunae.
Osteon - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Each ringlike unit with central
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
canal.
Perforating Canals - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Form channels
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
across bone, from one side of shaft to other.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2. Permits passage of blood vessels & nerves.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
