BIO 182 EXAM 3 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
True or False
The greatest density of species occurs at the North Pole. - CORRECT ANSWER - False
What is the tragedy of the commons? - CORRECT ANSWER - the tendency for a
common resource to be overused
True or false: cheating ( free riding) confers the smallest benefit when most of the group
cooperate to invest? - CORRECT ANSWER - False. when more ppl invest, there is a
higher benefit for the freeloaders
true or false: punishment creates a cost that balances the benefit of selfishness - CORRECT
ANSWER - True
how can we promote a cooperation on a larger scale - CORRECT ANSWER - rebates(
benefits) for participants
punishment for non-participants
what are 3 strategies for when species numbers are getting low - CORRECT ANSWER -
Captive breeding
DNA banks
protection
Extinction due to 3 human activities - CORRECT ANSWER - hunting, habitat destruction,
global warming
True or False: if productivity enhances diversity, one should see more species in deep tropical
waters than along shallow coastlines - CORRECT ANSWER - false we see more
productivity in deep tropical waters, BUT we predict that shallow coastlines should rather have it
,true or false: Primary productivity is likely necessary, but insufficient condition for biodiversity -
CORRECT ANSWER - true
true or false: greater productivity could support more individuals of a species without supporting
more species - CORRECT ANSWER - true. just b/c you have a huge amount of primary
productivity does not mean it would give more amount of species. it could simply have more
individuals from the same species
More productivity = more organisms, but it is not equal to________ - CORRECT
ANSWER - more species
why is the more speciation at the equator - CORRECT ANSWER - temperatures are
stable= more specialized organisms
no change in temperatures in high or low altitude
increased cost to dispersal over a climate gradient=> low gene flow=> high alopatric
speciation=> ___________ - CORRECT ANSWER - very sensitive to climate changes
you have to be a _______ to survive changes - CORRECT ANSWER - generalist ( BUT
species in tropics are specialists)
Low Latitiudes= _________thermal niches
High Latitudes= __________thermal niches - CORRECT ANSWER - narrow
broad
true or false: a more specialized species should occur over a narrow range of altitude or latitude -
CORRECT ANSWER - true for both altitude and latitude
primary consumers - CORRECT ANSWER - first organisms in the chain to eat the other
organisms
, eat the photosynthetic organisms = herbivores
Tropical species have the _______ latitudional ranges
Species at high latitudes have the _______ latitudional ranges - CORRECT ANSWER -
lowest
highest
greenhouse effect - CORRECT ANSWER - warming/heat that results when solar radiation
is trapped by the atmosphere
what is anthropogenic - CORRECT ANSWER - caused by humans
the rate of global warming appears to be accelerated in the _____ ( consequences) - CORRECT
ANSWER - arctic ( ice melting, island and species disappearance, overabundance of salt
water, shortage of fresh water )
what type of niches are used to predict responses to climate change ( climate envelope model) -
CORRECT ANSWER - realized ( fundamental would be better)
true / false:
in the experiment with water fleas, the phenotypic difference between the two sets of population
could have resulted from plasticity instead of evolution - CORRECT ANSWER - false, b/c
it was several generation further and not within one generation.
what 7 factors determine whether a species can adapt to an environmental change - CORRECT
ANSWER - 1) high recombination ( sexual reproduction)
2) niche width ( intermediate)
3) rate of warming ( low)
4) population size ( large)
5) net immigration ( high)
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
True or False
The greatest density of species occurs at the North Pole. - CORRECT ANSWER - False
What is the tragedy of the commons? - CORRECT ANSWER - the tendency for a
common resource to be overused
True or false: cheating ( free riding) confers the smallest benefit when most of the group
cooperate to invest? - CORRECT ANSWER - False. when more ppl invest, there is a
higher benefit for the freeloaders
true or false: punishment creates a cost that balances the benefit of selfishness - CORRECT
ANSWER - True
how can we promote a cooperation on a larger scale - CORRECT ANSWER - rebates(
benefits) for participants
punishment for non-participants
what are 3 strategies for when species numbers are getting low - CORRECT ANSWER -
Captive breeding
DNA banks
protection
Extinction due to 3 human activities - CORRECT ANSWER - hunting, habitat destruction,
global warming
True or False: if productivity enhances diversity, one should see more species in deep tropical
waters than along shallow coastlines - CORRECT ANSWER - false we see more
productivity in deep tropical waters, BUT we predict that shallow coastlines should rather have it
,true or false: Primary productivity is likely necessary, but insufficient condition for biodiversity -
CORRECT ANSWER - true
true or false: greater productivity could support more individuals of a species without supporting
more species - CORRECT ANSWER - true. just b/c you have a huge amount of primary
productivity does not mean it would give more amount of species. it could simply have more
individuals from the same species
More productivity = more organisms, but it is not equal to________ - CORRECT
ANSWER - more species
why is the more speciation at the equator - CORRECT ANSWER - temperatures are
stable= more specialized organisms
no change in temperatures in high or low altitude
increased cost to dispersal over a climate gradient=> low gene flow=> high alopatric
speciation=> ___________ - CORRECT ANSWER - very sensitive to climate changes
you have to be a _______ to survive changes - CORRECT ANSWER - generalist ( BUT
species in tropics are specialists)
Low Latitiudes= _________thermal niches
High Latitudes= __________thermal niches - CORRECT ANSWER - narrow
broad
true or false: a more specialized species should occur over a narrow range of altitude or latitude -
CORRECT ANSWER - true for both altitude and latitude
primary consumers - CORRECT ANSWER - first organisms in the chain to eat the other
organisms
, eat the photosynthetic organisms = herbivores
Tropical species have the _______ latitudional ranges
Species at high latitudes have the _______ latitudional ranges - CORRECT ANSWER -
lowest
highest
greenhouse effect - CORRECT ANSWER - warming/heat that results when solar radiation
is trapped by the atmosphere
what is anthropogenic - CORRECT ANSWER - caused by humans
the rate of global warming appears to be accelerated in the _____ ( consequences) - CORRECT
ANSWER - arctic ( ice melting, island and species disappearance, overabundance of salt
water, shortage of fresh water )
what type of niches are used to predict responses to climate change ( climate envelope model) -
CORRECT ANSWER - realized ( fundamental would be better)
true / false:
in the experiment with water fleas, the phenotypic difference between the two sets of population
could have resulted from plasticity instead of evolution - CORRECT ANSWER - false, b/c
it was several generation further and not within one generation.
what 7 factors determine whether a species can adapt to an environmental change - CORRECT
ANSWER - 1) high recombination ( sexual reproduction)
2) niche width ( intermediate)
3) rate of warming ( low)
4) population size ( large)
5) net immigration ( high)
